Iingcebiso zonyango. Imigangatho yokulawulwa kwezigulane

Ugqirha ngamnye uphatha abantu, engathembeki kuphela kwizakhono zabo, kodwa nakwiziphakamiso zeklinikhi ezichaza ukuba ugqirha makwenzele ntoni na kwimeko ethile. Ngenxa yeencomo ezinjalo, ingcali inokukhetha ngokuchanekileyo inkqubo yokuxilonga, iimvavanyo zokuphonononga, iindlela zokwelapha nokubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba isigulane sinokubakho esibhedlele okanye kunyango lwasekhaya.

Iingcebiso zonyango: yintoni na?

Olu luqoqo oluqokelelwa rhoqo lwemiqathango esemthethweni eyanceda abasebenzi kunye nezigulane benza izigqibo ezinzulu malunga nokwanela unyango kwizakhelo ezizodwa. Kuza kubekho, kukho inamba enkulu yemigqaliselo yodokotela osebenza kwintsimi ethile. Unyaka ngamnye, ziba ngakumbi, njengoko iindlela ezintsha zonyango okanye ukuxilonga kubonakala.

Ukuba ugqirha uzakufumana kwiimeko ezinzima kwaye akazi ukuba yiyiphi isigqibo esithathayo ukuba athathe imeko ethile, ngoko ngenxa yokuqokelela amalungiselelo angayifumana indlela yokuphuma kwaye anikele isigulane esamkelekileyo sonyango.

Ziziphi iinjongo zemimiselo esemthethweni?

Okwangoku, iziphakamiso zekliniki zivumela ugqirha ukuba athole indlela efanelekileyo yokuphuma kwimeko yangoku, kuba oku:

• Ukubonelela impendulo efanelekileyo kumbuzo othize usebenzisa iindlela zonyango olusisiseko.
• Ncedisa oyingcali ekwenzeni isigqibo esifanelekileyo.
• Ukutyunjwa kwemigangatho kwonyango, ngoko ke kunokwenzeka ukuba kunikezelo lokufikelela ngokulinganayo kwiinkonzo zamachiza.
• Ukudala isilinganiso esiphezulu semali kunye nomgangatho xa usebenzisa izixhobo ezincinci.
• Ukukhuthazwa kwabasebenzi bezonyango kunye nezigulane kuqeqesho.

Injongo ephambili yemigqaliselo yeklinikhi kukubonelela ugqirha ngolwazi oluvumela ukukhetha indlela efanelekileyo kakhulu yokwelapha kunye nophando. Iziphakamiso zezonyango zokuxilongwa kunye nonyango zivumela ukuba sifumane isicwangciso sokulawula isigulane ukuze siphinde siphumelele kwaye senze ukuba sikwazi ukukhupha umngcipheko onokuthi unikwe unyango olungalunganga.

Ziyintoni na iingcebiso ezigqirha?

Njengoko inani leengcali zonyango likhula, inani lezonyango zonyango kunye nokuxilonga lukhula, ugqirha kufuneka achithe ixesha elininzi kunye nokuzama ukukhangela, ukuhlalutya nokusebenzisa le nkcazelo. Ngexesha lokudalwa kweengcebiso, izigaba ezinzima kakhulu sele zigqityiwe ngababhali, yonke into ihlelwe kwizahluko, kwaye ugqirha uya kukwazi ukufumana impendulo efanelekileyo kumbuzo onzima kunzima ngexesha elifutshane.

Iziphakamiso zezonyango zihlobo logqirha olusebenza kuyo nayiphi na indlela, evumela ukunciphisa i-gap phakathi kwenkqubo kunye nenqanaba lamayeza anamhlanje. Ugqirha kufuneka achithe ixesha lokuphatha izigulane, engafuneki ulwazi. Ngombulelo kwiikholeji ezinjalo, apho yonke into ichazwe ngokucacileyo, unokufumana ngokukhawuleza icandelo elifunekayo, kunye nempendulo ecacileyo yombuzo.

Iinkonzo kunye neengxaki zeengcebiso zeklinikhi

Ukusetyenziswa kweziphakamiso zekliniki kuvumela ukufumana iyeza elisekelwe kubungqina kwiinkqubo zeklinikhi kwaye kwenza ukuba kube lula ukuphucula ukugqitywa kwekhosi ye-pathology, kunciphisa inani leemeko ezinzima kwaye ezingenakuphilisa.

Ingqwalaselo eyintloko yeengcebiso kukuba ayisebenzisi ngokubanzi kwimpilo yoluntu yaseRussia. Kukho ubunzima obuninzi ekudluliseni iziphumo zophando kwizenzo, akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa le okanye le ngcebiso kwimeko ethile.

Kodwa ukudibanisa okubalulekileyo kukuba ukubonga kuzo zonke ezi ngcaciso kunokwenzeka ukuba kunciphise kakhulu ukufa kwezigulane kwaye kuphuculwe ukuhlaselwa kwesifo. Ukuphunyezwa kwezikhokelo zonyango, kunokwenzeka ukubonelela isigulane ngesantya esifanayo sonyango lwezempilo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ngubani na apho anikezelwa khona ngeenkonzo. Kodwa oogqirha ezi ngcebiso ziya kwandisa ukuphumelela kwonyango kwiimeko ezinzima kwaye ngezinye iinkqubo ezingekho phantsi.

Iingcebiso zonyango kwizonyango

Kwinqanaba ngalinye leyeza: i-cardiology, utyando kunye nabanye - iingcebiso ezibhalwe kunye neziphuhlisiwe. Abazange bawunaki unyango. Iingcebiso zonyango ekwenzeni unyango lwabantwana ziqulethe ezininzi izisombululo kunyango lwezifo eziqhelekileyo zabantwana, zonke ezilungiselelwe yi-Union of Pediatricians. Ziquka izilungiso zogqirha ukuxilonga, ukunyanga, ukuthintela nokuvuselela izigulana ezincinci.

Ndiyabulela oku, ugqirha unokukhawuleza enze isigqibo esinolwazi kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu. Ukuqokelela okunjalo kukuvumela ukuba ufumane isisombululo esifanelekileyo kwaye usebenzise ukhetho olwaneleyo lwenyango, ebaluleke kakhulu kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu. Ingakumbi kwiimeko apho isigqibo sabazali ukuqhuba inkqubo ethile kufuneka. Emva koko, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaba abazali abangayiqondi yonke ingxaki yesimo kwaye banokuyiphumeza ngokungafanelekanga, bengalimazi umntwana wabo.

Iimpawu zengcebiso ekuxilongeni

Ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-diagnostic yesigulane ngokuchanekileyo, kufuneka uqhube uchungechunge lwezifundo, kwaye ngenxa yokuba uncedo unako ukufumanisa isizathu se-pathology. Ukuququzelela ukhetho lokufunda kule nto okanye kwimeko, izikhokelo zeklinikhi zokuxilongwa zaphuhliswa. Ngombulelo kulo mncedisi unokufumana ngokuchanekileyo ukuba zeziphi iindlela zokuxilonga ziya kulungelelaniswa neempawu ezichazwe ngumguli.

Kwakubaluleke kakhulu ukuba iikholeji ezinjalo zibanceda ukuba isiguli singathandabuzeki ukuba kufuneka ufumane uhlobo lokuxilongwa olumiselweyo. Iinkqubo ezintsha zokuxilongwa zivela rhoqo, kwaye ngenxa yendlela yokuqokelela iingcebiso, ugqirha unokuphucula iziqinisekiso zakhe kwaye ufunde ngemveliso emitsha.

Ukulawula kakuhle isigulane

Ngokuqhelekileyo isigulane, ngokubhekiselele kugqirha, asikwazi ukuchaza ngokucacileyo iimpawu zesifo, ngoko ugqirha kufuneka aqonde ngokukhawuleza intsingiselo yesibheno kwaye abone iindlela ezichanekileyo zokuxilongwa, kwaye emva koko bafumane ukuxilonga nokuqala unyango. Imbali yesigulane iqala xa isigulane sidlula umda weofisi yegqirha.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhuba kakuhle imbali yengxelo yesigulane, njengoko ikhadi liqalisiwe iminyaka emininzi, kwaye iingongoma ezibaluleke kakhulu zinokukunceda oogqirha ekuxazululeni iingxaki ezinzima kakhulu. Iziphakamiso zezonyango zokulawula izigulane ziya kunceda ugqirha ngokuchanekileyo ukuzalisa ikhadi, ukumisela inkqubo yokonyango, ukhethe indawo yonyango: izibhedlele okanye imeko zekhaya. Kwaye ukuba ubhale iphepha lokushiya lokugula, ngaphandle kokuphula nayiphi na imigangatho.

Imigangatho yonyango lwempilo

Imigangatho yenkcazo eyenziwe ngokusemthethweni kwinqanaba elincinci lonyango olunikezelwa isigulane ngesimo esithile sesifo ngendlela yetafile. Umsebenzi oyintloko, owawulandelwa ngabo badala iingcebiso zekliniki, imigangatho yesigulane sokulawulwa kwezigulane, ngaba:

• Ukulungiswa kweluhlu lwamachiza afumanekayo kwimigomo.
• Ukuqulunqwa kwexabiso lokunyamekela okuqeqeshelwa ngumqeqeshi wezokwelapha ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo indleko yokubonelela.

Ukumisela imigangatho, iingcali eziqeqeshiwe zabandakanyeka. Baye bancedisa ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo isakhiwo somgangatho kwaye bachonge zonke iindidi eziyimfuneko, ezichonga uhlobo lwesifo kunye nohlobo lweyeza.

Ubume bomgangatho obonakala ngathi?

Umgangatho ngamnye wokuqala uqala ngomzekelo wesigulane, omele ugcinwe ngokwesi sicwangciso esinikezelweyo. Umzekelo wesigangatho uquka iziganeko zesigulane, ukuqulunqa amaqhinga okuhlola kunye neendlela zokwelapha:

• Igama lohlobo lwe- neological okanye syndrome.
• Ikhodi ye-ICD-10.
• Isigaba sokugula kunye nesigaba kwiimeko xa kuyimfuneko.
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka, ukuba zikhona, zenzeka, okanye zingekho.

Umgangatho unokuquka umzekelo omnye okanye ezininzi. Ngomnye wabo, isigulane sinikezelwa ngeemeko zokunikezela ngeenkonzo kwisibhedlele okanye kwisithuba sokuphulukana nesifo, kunye neziphakamiso zokuxilonga, ukuthintela, unyango kunye nokuvuselelwa.

Umgangatho ungaphinda uboniswe njengeenkonzo ezilula zeziko lezonyango, njengokulinganisa ubunzima bomzimba, umxholo weprotheni kumchamo, kwaye kunzima kakhulu - ukwamukelwa kokuqala kweengcali. Uhlolo ngalunye luye lwahlolwa ngendlela yalo ngokuhambelana nencazelo echaziweyo.

Ukuba ugqirha ungumqalayo okanye ukhohliwe ukuba yonke into yenziwe njani, unokusebenzisa nanini na iziphakamiso zeklinikhi, ezidla ngokuxhaswa ngemigangatho emitsha, kwaye ugcwalise yonke into ngokuhambelana nemimiselo. Kuyo nayiphi na indawo yonyango kukho imigangatho kunye neengcebiso ezihlaziywa rhoqo ngeendlela ezintsha, ezona zinkcupheko zokuxilonga nezonyango. Ezi ngcebiso zingasetyenziselwa isigulane ukuba unokungabaza malunga nokuchaneka kolwagqirha okanye ukhetho olulungileyo lokuvuselela kwakhona.