Iimigodi ze-Afrika ziyimithombo ebalulekileyo yoqoqosho

I-Afrika ayikho ilizwekazi kuphela, elidumileyo ngenxa yendalo kunye nenkcubeko yalo, leli zwekazi linomthombo ocebileyo wobutyebi bemvelo. Kwinqanaba le-equatorial kukho inxalenye enkulu yelizwekazi, elibonelela ngeemeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhula kwamahlathi, iqhekeza elincinci elingu-10% yendawo epheleleyo yomhlaba wehlathi. IWold iyona nto imveliso eyithunyelwa ngaphandle.

Olunye uvimba-mali we-Afrika yintlango yaseSahara, ubunzulu bezinto ezifihla amanzi amakhulu amanzi. Kulo zwekazi yiyona milambo emikhulu yomhlaba, okubizwa ngokufanelekileyo ngokuthi ngamaminerali ombane aseAfrika.

Amaminerali aseAfrika ngababoneleli abakhulu bezinto eziphathekayo kumashishini angama-ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy, amashishini ekhemikhali kwiplanethi yonke. Ummandla weAfrika ucebile kwi-phosphorites, i-chromites, kunye ne-titanium. Izixhobo eziphambili ze- ores (uranium, cobalt, ubhedu, manganese), kwakunye neeminerali ezixabisekileyo kunye nezitye (idayimane, igolide) zehlabathi zijoliswe kweli zwekazi. Izimbiwa ezisemntla eAfrika, ezibandakanya izityeyamanzi, iigesi kunye neoli, zibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni. I-Afrika kunye ne-central central ixabiswa ngamaminerali-magmatic-ores of iron and non-ferrous metals, kunye neerimondi.

Iifosti zamaminerali zibangelwa ukwakheka kwelizwekazi. Ngasenyakatho, kukho iindawo eziphantsi kunye neephantsi, eziye zakhukula ngamanzi, ngokohlobo lwenkcenkcesha lwakha amalahle, i-manganese ore. EMpuma nasenzantsi ye-Afrika imelwa ngamathala kunye neentaba, ezakhiwa ngokusisiseko kwiindawo ezihambayo kunye nezingqamle zemihlaba, ngoko ke le nxalenye ityebile kwiidayimane, igolide, i-uranium ores.

Eli lizwekazi linaloo nto engenakucingelwa ukuba izityela zeAfrika kwimaphu zingashiyi enye indawo yamahhala, ngokoqobo imilimitha nganye yendawo iqulethe enye okanye enye imaminerali. I-Afrika idume ngokufaka idizithi ze-ores, ukubunjwa kwexesha elibuyele ekuzalweni kwePaleozoic. Okwangoku, eli qonga libonakaliswe kwi-equator nakumzantsi welizwekazi, malunga noko, yiyo le mimandla eye yaba yinkxalabo ye-ore deposits. Ngombulelo "ukubonakaliswa" okunjalo kwipolatifti yamandulo, abantu beeplanethi baba yi-deposit deposits eMzantsi Afrika, e-Southern Rhodesia baqhubekile ekuphuhliseni ama-chromites, iNigeria idume nge-tin kunye ne-tungsten, iGhana i-manganese, kwaye isiqithi saseMadagascar sinokunika umhlaba wonke ngegraphite. Kodwa bonke bafana, abaseAfrika babulela i-Paleozoic ngenxa yedizithi zegolide. Mhlawumbi kwezinye iindawo, iAfrika igxotha emva kwamazwe entshona, kodwa kwintsimi yeemigodi zegolide, eli lizwekazi, kumntu waseMzantsi Afrika, lide lugxininisa ngokukodwa isikhundla sokuba yinkokheli.

Ixesha le-Cambrian yokubunjwa kweembalo zehlabathi lijonga ukuqala kokubeka ibhanti yethusi, eyenza amaminerali eAfrika njengobhedu, i-tin, i-cobalt, i-lead, i-tungsten kwaye ayifake kwiindawo ezikhokelayo kwihlabathi. Kuphuhliso kunye nemveliso yeengcambu ezilapha ngentla, i-Afrika inesibini. Ngeli xesha, iipowuni ze-uranium kunye ne-platinum ores zenziwe kwilizwekazi. Kwiindawo ezinzulu zolwandle zenziwe i-iron ore, kodwa ngenxa yokutsalwa kweesaliti zasolwandle, ezi zimbiwa ze-Afrika ziphantsi kwebanga.

Kwinqanaba le-Paleozoic ne-Mesozoic, iqonga le-continental lehlabathi lafumana ixesha elizolileyo ngaphandle kokunyakaza kwamaqonga omhlaba, okuye kwavumela ukubunjwa kwamalahle e-amalahle, athile kakhulu eMzantsi Afrika, eRhodesi, eCongo naseMadagascar.

Ithafa leSahara-Sudan leAfrika yisakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kwisakhiwo, esasiqhutywe kunye nokuqhekeka kwamatye, ukuphakama kunye neziphene zeziseko zasendulo, zixabiswa yidizithi zensimbi, i-manganese ores kunye neoli.