26 Apreli 1986 kule iChernobyl dubulo amandla enyukliya, leyo wehla waya embalini njengenye ezimbi kunazo hlobo. Ngenxa yoko, i-bume wasukuma izihlandlo ezili-10 ngaphezulu radioactive ngaphezu emva kokuwa ezabo zeathom eHiroshima.
I-dubulo neziphumo kukhupho emoyeni igesi eqhumayo iye yanwenwa Central kunye Southern Europe. Xa abantu amathathu ananye wafa ngexesha ingozi, kwaye isixa radiation exposure amaxhoba kunzima ubungakanani. Malunga 350.000 abahlali kwanyanzeleka ukuba babaleke emizini yabo kwindawo exclusion - ummandla ngekhilomitha-30 ehlabathini isityalo. Le dolophu ezichatshazelwe kunazo zonke zaba Pripyat, okuhlala eyintlango unanamhla. iifoto zethu abonisa indlela isixeko wakhangela ngathi ngo-2016.
Kutheni le ngozi yenzeke
I-dubulo kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezibini. Ingxaki yokuqala enkulu yaba kukuba ngexesha ulwakhiwo mveliso baba iimpazamo. yamachiza american kaNobel Hans Bethe ebizwa i "kozinzo eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi." kuyo
Ngelo xesha ingozi yokuba amandla umthamo ezine amandla reactor ka-1000 MW. Elesihlanu belingekafiki ukusebenza.
Enye yeengxaki ezininzi - yinto isakhiwo ukuqulatha reactor. Ku yakhiwa nocatshulo eziphathekayo kwaye kwafuneka ukuba kuqiniswe ngensimbi.
Unobangela ekhawulezileyo kuqhuma eksperimenti lombane akuphumelelanga.
Iinjineli efuna ukubona ukuba banako ukufumana umbane evela umbane injini, le zamandla zicinyiwe, kodwa injini ishiyeka zisebenze inertia.
Ukuze ukuqhuba umfuniselo, ezo njineli kwakufuneka ukucima ulawulo oluzenzekelayo ukhuseleko sikagesi, kwakunye uninzi kweentonga kolawulo isikhululo, ezitshintsha neutron nama ukunciphisa indlela.
Ingxaki kukuba iinjineli ziye kwanciphisa inqanaba amandla reactor akakhawulezi kakhulu.
Le Impazamo ebulalayo kwakhokelela uthotho ezinye izigqibo ezimbi yaye ekugqibeleni ukuya yesiqalo omkhulu imichiza.
kwindawo ekungangenwayo
Ukutshiswa iziqwenga metal saa emoyeni, ebangela imililo apho ifike. Ngenxa kwimitha enetyhefu kwingingqi eChernobyl wabhengezwa kwindawo aluvumelekanga ukutyelela.
Pripyat idolophu, kufuphi mveliso wenyukliya, bantu baninzi ngabasebenzi ngamandla kunye neentsapho zabo.
Kusuku olulandelayo emva kokuba dubulo ngomhla wama-27 Epreli, abemi banikwa ixesha elincinane ukuqokelela zonke izinto.
Yini kuyabonakala phakathi komzi namhlanje
Ukuze ungene kulo mzi namhlanje, iindwendwe maziye itsheki yokhuseleko afumane imvume kunye isikhokelo.
Ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo usenokubona iimaski igesi yabantwana nezinkulu.
Coat of iingalo elalisakuba yiSoviet Union wahlala phezulu isakhiwo sokuhlala kwayekwa Pripyat.
Abantu kusekho kuyingozi ukuhlala kummandla eChernobyl, kodwa yemisebe akuyiphazamisi nezilwanyana, enizityelweyo ngoku liyachuma kufutshane kwindawo yengozi.
Radioactive amanzi, umhlaba kunye nomoya nangoku kuchaphazela abo basondele kummandla exclusion.
I iGreenpeace ibalwe ukuba zizonke ukusuka iingxaki zempilo ngokuthe ngqo le ngozi iChernobyl amandla enyukliya wafa phakathi kwe-100 ne-400 amawaka abantu.