Iintaba eliphezulu amazwekazi ezahlukeneyo

Igama elithi "high" kubantu abohlukeneyo unxulumano ezahlukeneyo. Kwabanye indlu ezisithoba sele kubonakala phezulu. Okunye bahlala ngokuzolileyo kwezinye egcwele iphepha, apho ngaphezu imigangatho ezilikhulu. Kodwa yonke lento kwe-8 amawaka yeemitha nge "ngomsila" ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Kodwa eziphakamileyo ezinjalo kwenzeka emhlabeni wethu. Zizo ezo ntaba iphakamileyo ehlabathini. Ezingama-14 ukuphakama kwawo lidlula uphawu ezisibhozo senkulungwane. Zonke ezi ntaba ibekwe malayas kunye Karakorum, kumazwe afana Nepal, China, nommandla ephikisana ka Kashmir.

Kwaye ke iphupha climbers ezininzi zobungcali - ukuba ukufikelela nganye kwezi eziphezulu. A 'ukulwa "kunye nabo bantu baqalisa kudala, kodwa kuphela kwinkulungwane yokugqibela yakwazi ukoyisa zonke iincopho. Mount Annapurna - i "eightthousander" bokuqala wanikezela ezimbini isiFrentshi Lachenalia L. kunye M. Herzog. Kwathi ngo-1950. Kwaye sele yoyiswa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, abantu 22 zonke kakhulu iintaba eziphakamileyo kakhulu ehlabathini. Kwaye ke climbers 20 yokugqibela "yakhwela" kwi iincopho emva kwiminyaka yoo-90. Phambi koko kwakukho yintshatsheli ezimbini kuphela. Le ebona Italian lukaReinhold Messner, ochithe iminyaka 16 (1970-1986) ukuphumeza irekhodi yakhe. Umnqobi besibini ebona Polish Ezhi Kukuchka. Kodwa Pole wachitha iminyaka 8 kuphela (ukususela 1979 po1987) kuzo zonke 14 incopho, nobungqina bakhe nangoku okwangoku akukho namnye unako "babethe". Kodwa ebona yokuqala ukusuka ico, wakhwela zonke iintaba aphezulu, uye abe Kazakh Denis Urubko. Wakwenza oko ngo-2000-2009 kwaye ngexesha nezinyuko zakhe akazange wasebenzisa oksijini.

A eliphezulu kakhulu kwaye enqwenelekayo climbers ntaba ngokuqinisekileyo Everest. abemi zomthonyama Tibet wabiza entabeni kwi - Mount Everest kunye nomnxeba eliseNepal ngayo Sagarmatha. Kodwa abantu okwangoku bakwazi ukumisela ukuphakama ngqo kwincopho. Kwaye ngoku, lo height phakathi 8844 no 8852 eemitha. Imizamo yokuqala ukoyisa Everest yenziwa ngo-1921, kodwa bonke boyisakala. Le ntaba iphezulu ehlabathini abafuni ukuthobela indoda. Kwaye iminyaka engama-50, abangaphezu kwamakhulu amabini abantu babulawa kumathambeka yentaba. Unobangela wokubulawa kwabo kwaba kubanda, ukudinwa kunye neengozi. Kwaba kuphela ngo-1953, i-New Zealand yedwa Edmund Hillary ifikelele uyincopho Mount Everest incopho.

Chogori, Daspang, K2, Godwin-Austen - ukuba igama enekona enye, leyo kudidi ntaba iphezulu ehlabathini iphantsi inani lesibini. Ukuphakama ngaphezulu kweemitha 8611 kwaye use Kashmir. Le peak kuyinxalenye elulwalweni ubunzima Karakorum, nto leyo ifumaneka ukuya entshona malayas. Yaye okwesihlandlo sokuqala Chogori woyisa abavela Achille Compagnoni kunye Lino Lacedelli ngo-1954.

Kukho kwi malayas entabeni umqolo, phakathi Indiya ne Nepal. It iqulathe zincopho ezintlanu kunye nabo aphezulu (8586 meters) i Kanchenjunga incopho. Nentaba ibekwe yesithathu kuluhlu lwabadlali ehlabathini of eziphezulu. Kwaye ngaphandle kokuba iincopho ezintathu uluhlu kuba nomphakamo kunene uphawu ezisibhozo senkulungwane. Kwaye yesihlanu, intaba "omncinane" iwela mfutshane mitha-8 kuphela "Kwinkokheli ZakwaLizwi" asibhozo amawaka. Kwaye de kwinkulungwane ye-19, Kanchenjunga yayigqalwa liphezulu kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. Kodwa ke emva kokuba kubalwe ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi ibekwe wesithathu. Yaye okwesihlandlo sokuqala amaBritane woyisa entabeni Dzho Braun kunye Dzhorzh Bendon ngo-1955.

Kukho kwakhona iintaba kunye nakwezinye iindawo ehlabathini. Kakade ke, asiyiyo loo ntaba iphakamileyo ehlabathini, kodwa kwiingingqi abahlala kwindawo yokuqala ukuphakama. Ngenxa yoko, i-South American Andes yeyona incopho eliphezulu entabeni Akonkagua (6962 meters). Kwaye e North America, le incopho Intaba McKinley (6194 m). E-Afrika, komthombo ngowam, Kakade ke, Kilimanjaro, 5.895 ubude. Kaloku, eRussia lo kwincopho iphezulu Elbrus. Yena lisingisa 6642 iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, koko, lelona ephakeme kunazo eYurophu. ebona nganye, yanyukela Elbrus, ubona esisibona yomkhenkce nekhephu. Bathi - yinto angeke ayilibale.