I-Skeleton ye-owl: izixhobo zesakhiwo. Ukubonakala kwesikhomba

I-owl ngummeli weklasi elidliwayo, libandakanya iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200 ezikhulu kunye nobukhulu obuphakathi, iintlobo zeentaka zobusuku ezifumaneka kwihlabathi lonke. Ukubonakala kwazo zonke iintlobo zeebhokhwe ziyafana. Ezi ntaka ziye zahlala malunga nehlabathi lonke, ngaphandle kokuba zikhoyo e-Antarctica.

Ukwakhiwa kwesigxina se-owl

Kukho iintsapho ezimbini: eli liqela leebhokhwe okanye iinqununu zangempela, kunye neenkumbi zentsimbi. Ngeempawu zabo ze-anatomical kunye neempuphu, amaqhwenga ahluke kakhulu kwiintsuku zemihla ngemihla, ngoko-ke i-ornithologists yawazisa kwi-detachment ehlukeneyo. Impawu yesikhwama se-owl ziquka ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Iintlobo zesithambo lesisiseko.
• Ukuxhumeka kathathu kwesikhala esingaphantsi nekhayi.
• Mfutshane ama-phalanges omnwe wesithathu.
• Ukuhamba kweenqana zangaphandle ezithintela ngasemva.

Indawo

ERashiya kukho iintlobo ezilishumi elinesixhenxe. Uninzi lwezi ntaka zebusuku zifumaneka kwiindawo ezinamahlathi amaninzi, kwaye ezinye zihlala kwindawo evulekile. Ininzi efunyenwe kwizidleki, ayenayo ngokwabo, ingasebenzisa i-monastery yezikhwebu okanye umthi ongenawo. I-Owl ingafumana indlu phantse nayiphi na indawo: ehlathini, ezintabeni, ezintabeni, entlango. I-owls ende ikhetha indawo, njengoko izingela kwiindawo ezivulekile, kodwa izidleke ehlathini. U-Owl oMhlophe uhlala kwi-tundra, kwaye ebusika iqhuma ukuya ngasemzantsi. Isiqhwenga seBarn okanye isidleke se- owls ngaphansi kwephahla lezindlu kunye ne-attics.

Inkcazo nokubonakala kwesikhomba

Njengoko sifunde, i-owl yintaka yexhoba, i-nocturnal. Ingaba nombala ohlukeneyo weempuphu, kuxhomekeka apho ihlala khona. Ama-owls ahluke ngobukhulu kuxhomekeke kwizilwanyana. Into encinci yinquma ye - passerine. Ubukhulu bayo buyi-17-20 cm, ubunzima bufikelela kuma-gram ayi-80. Kwaye inkulu intaka yeli ntsapho yinqwelo yekhozi. Ubude bayo buyi-60-70 cm, ubunzima bufike kwi-4 kg. Inhloko yesikhomba esisijikelezileyo esinamehlo amakhulu, amacweba amade kwaye abukhali, aneenkomo emfutshane nesomeleleyo. Isilwanyana siphila ngokwesilinganiso malunga neminyaka elishumi, kwaye kubakho ubomi ekuthinjweni ukuya ku-40. Ubomi obuncinane kwintlango buchazwe kukuba bazingelwa yiinyoni ezinkulu ezinjenge-hawk kunye ne-ukhozi yegolide.

Amagqabi e-esihlunu ahluke ngokuqinileyo kunye nokuzibamba. Amagqabha aphezulu kwaye aphelile, ayadingeka ukuba athabathe ixhoba ngokukhawuleza. I-owl ihamba ngeenxa zonke, kwaye yonke into iyabulela kwisakhiwo seentsiba. Umsila ujikelezwe kwaye unqunywe, amaphiko afikelela kwi-200 cm. Izinyoni zihamba ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza, isantya sinokufikelela kuma-80 km / h. Aba bantu bakhiqiza uphawu lwezandi, xa bacatshukiswa okanye bavuya.

Amagqabi e-esihlwayo ahlelwe ukwenzela ukuba ezi ntaka ezikhethekileyo zijike iintloko ezingama-180-270 degrees ngaphandle kokubangela intlungu okanye ukuzilimaza. Ekubeni i-owl iyisilwanyana, kwaye kufuneka ilandele ixhoba layo, amehlo ayo asemacaleni, kodwa ngaphambili. Amehlo awahambeli kwaye akhangele phambili. Ukutshintsha indlela, intaka kufuneka iphendule intloko yayo. I-angle yeembono ngama-degrees angama-160 kwaye i-binocular. Amaqhekeza abona ihlabathi ngemibala emnyama nemhlophe. I-lens ayikho kwi-eyeball, kodwa kwi-cornea, ngoko banokubona ngokugqibeleleyo ebusuku. Amagqabha e-owl akhiwa ukwenzela ukuba ukuva kwabo kunamandla amane kuneekati. Xa ixhoba lidala i-rustle okanye isandi, le ntaka iphosa ngokukhawuleza kuyo.

Usapho

Iibhokhwe zentsapho zakha kanye kunye nazo zonke - zihlala kule ndawo. Iibhokhwe zesikhukhula zingakha izitye phantsi komhlaba. Banda phinda enye okanye ngaphezulu, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yendawo kunye nendawo yokuhlala. Kulo mzobo kunokuvela kumaqanda ama-3 ukuya kuma-10, aqhelekileyo amhlophe, ayingqingili kwaye amancinci ngobukhulu. Amaqanda atyalwe ngumfazi, kwaye indoda ithatha inxaxheba ngqo ekutyeni inzala. Inyaniso enomdla kukuba ngamaxesha amaninzi amantshontsho asebekhulile kuphela ahlala, ngelixa abanye befa. Xa bafumana isiteleka esilambayo, banokuyidla iifotshi ezithatha ukugqibela.

Yintoni abayidlayo

Ngaloo ndlela, abantu abakhulu nabaphakathi bayadla amagundane, iigundane, i-hedgehogs, i-shrews, i-hares, ama-frogs, ama-bads, ama-bats, ama-moles, iinyoka, iinkukhu. Iinqununu ezincinci zondla kwiinambuzane (izilwanyana, iinkumbi), kwaye abo bahlala kwimimandla yonxweme bayinambitha kunye neentlanzi, izibonda, iimbasa. Ukuphila kwimigangatho yezolimo ezitshisa izityalo, utshani, amajikijolo. Yintoni ephawulekayo, le ntaka inokuyenza ngaphandle kwamanzi kwiinyanga eziliqela, unxanelwe ukucima igazi lexhoba layo.

Iintlobo ezithandwa kakhulu

• Iibhokhwe ezinqabileyo. Zizona ziqhelo eziqhelekileyo kwingxenye yaseYurophu yaseRashiya. Igama lavela ezindlebeni zabo, ezivela kwiintsiba. Iimfumba ezikhethiweyo zikhetha ukuhlala ezihlahleni zamahlathi, oku kuthetha ukuba ziintaka zehlathi. Ama-Owls, ahlala ngasemzantsi, adala ubomi bokuphila, ngelixa iintlabathi ezisenyakatho ziintaka ezifudukayo. Zondla kwiindawo zokurhweba, iincinci ezincinci.
• I-polar. Imelela iindidi ezinkulu ze-owls kwi-Arctic. Ibhinqa lilinganisa iikhilogram ezintathu, kwaye inkunzi yindoda inesisindo ezimbini nehafu. Amaphiko afikelela kwisiqingatha semitha. Uhlala kwi-tundra yaseNyakatho Melika, eGreenland. Kwakhona kufumaneka kwiiqithi ezithile ze-Arctic Ocean. Kwimeko yendalo iyaphila kwiminyaka eyi-8.

• Owl. Enye yezona ntlobo ezinkulu zeebhokhwe emhlabeni. Banobunzima ngaphezu kweekhilogram ezintathu, bahlala kwindawo apho abantu abanakubonwa khona. Bahlala bekhululekile emahlathini anamanzi. Ngokomxholo omdala, iintsiba zesikhwama zikhusela kwiintlungu. E-Kazakhstan nase-Asia Ephakathi, abantu babekholelwa ukuba ukudweba kwintsiba ecaleni yesikhozi sekhozi yi-aphorism evela kwiKoran. Ixesha lomtshato liwela ngoMatshi. Umntu ongena kwindawo yokuhlala yesikhwama uya kunxungukiswa yilokutyalwa kweentaka. Isibini esitshatileyo senza ezi zandi kuqala, kunye kunye. Kwakhona, le ntaka inamanye amagama - iPragach. Ukongeza kokubamba, ukusebenza kwakhe kuphelisa ngokuhleka okukhulu. Zondla kwiigundane, i-amphibians, inambuzane kunye nezilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo.
• Ukhozi lwentlanzi. Le ntaka ihlala ePhermorye, kungekude noLwandle lwaseOkhotsk, iSakhalin neJapan. Indawo eyintandokazi yeentlanzi yi-floodplains yomlambo egcwele imithi emikhulu. Bondla kuphela abemi belo lolwandle. Kwaye bababamba ngeendlela ezimbini: owokuqala ukuwujonga ixhoba, kungekude kumanzi. Owesibini ujikeleza emanzini angatye kwaye athabathe intlanzi edlulayo.

Inyaniso

• Ukukhala kwe-Owl kuyadingeka ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Kukhona into okanye into efana nencoko ekhoyo phakathi kwamadoda amabini. Unokuva kwakhona isandi esichukumisayo ngexesha le midlalo yokulinganisa. Iibhokhwe ze-Cubs zenza isikhalazo esifanayo ukubonisa indawo yazo.
• Kwimihla endala, iibhokhwe zinoyika kakhulu, zaziwa ngokuchaneka kwaye zonke iindlela ezikhutshwayo.
• Kodwa eYiputa, iintaka zazikhuselekile kwaye zihlonishwa, kwakukho iimeko xa bexotshwa.
• Ngethuba elidlulileyo, ukuxhaswa kweBabiloni kwafunyanwa, apho kubonakala khona amaqhwenga. Kwinqanaba ngalinye kwakukho iintaka, kwaye phakathi kwalapho kwakukho umfazi onamaphiko kunye neepaws. Abantu babecinga ukuba unkulunkulukazi, kwaye iibhokhwe zazingabalindi bakhe. Ukongeza kwimiqondiso emnyama neyimfihlelo, aba bantu bathetha ubulumko kunye nengqondo eqaqambileyo.
• EbuKristwini, ukukhala kwabo kwakucingelwa ingoma yokufa. Ukutshatyalaliswa okubonakalisiweyo, ubumnandi, intlungu. AmaSlav ayicinga ukuba le ntaka ibe ngumgcini wobutyebi obungaphantsi komhlaba, kunye nomqondiso womhlolokazi kunye ne-harbinger yomlilo okanye ukufa.