I-PVD-ingubo - yintoni na? Ukusetyenziswa kwe-PVD yokubhinqa kwishishini lokubukela

Icandelo lokubukela lamanje linikeza uluhlu lweemveliso kwiimarike, apho ngezinye amaxesha kunzima ukuyiqonda. Kwimveliso yama-Swiss watches kaninzi isebenzisa i-PVD-coating. Yintoni, akunjalo wonke umntu. Kodwa ukunyunyuzwa okukhankanywe ngasentla kuthatha indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni umveliso ekungcoleni kwaye kungekhona kuphela.

Ukongezelela, kukho ezinye iindlela zokuphucula ukuxhatshazwa kweengubo kunye nezinye iimpawu. Oku, umzekelo, ukwakha, i- galvanic yembethe ye- nickel kunye ne-palladium, ion i-spray of steel kunye nabanye. Kunengxaki kumntu ongenalwazi ukuba azenzele yena, yiphi indlela efanelekileyo kunye neendlela ezingentla zihluke komnye. Masizame ukuyifumanisa.

I-PVD-ingubo - yintoni na?

Ngoku kutshanje, ukubukela oku kuthethwa ngentla apha ngentla. Iyiphi ingubo yePVD? Yintoni na?

Iingcali ziqaphele ukuba kwishishini lokubukela uhlobo oluphezulu lweengubo lufakwe kwisiphene. Okokuthi, emzimbeni wemveliso, i-nitride ye-titanium (i-super-hard) isetyenziswe, phezu kweso sakhiwo esincinci segolide.

Kukho kwakhona ukutyunjwa kwale ndlela yokukhusela umlindi, njengombala we-PVD. Yintoni na? Le yindlela yokugubungela eyenziwa phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu kwi-vacuum ngebombardment kunye ne-ions, ukukhulelwa kwamanzi, ukunyuka kwamanzi, ukutshatyalaliswa kwemithambo.

Yibonga kwiinkqubo zeekhemikhali ezingentla apha ezinjalo ezifunyenwe ngaphandle kokungcola.

Ukusetyenziswa kwefom

Olu hlobo lokupomfa lusetyenziselwa ukudala phezu kwamathuluzi, iinxalenye, izixhobo zokugubungela nge-overtones esebenzayo. Umzekelo, ukuveliswa kweefowuni zeglasi ezibukiweyo okanye ukubukela nge-PVD-coating. Ukutshiza oku kufakwe izi ndawo ezilandelayo: ukungabikho komonakalo, ukungabinxibekiyo, ukuqhubela phambili, ukukhuseleka kokukhushulwa komzimba, ukugxininisa, ukukhawulela, ukukhuseleka.

Izitishi ezifana ne-titanium, i-tungsten, i-aluminium, i-molybdenum, i-nickel, isinyithi, ithusi, i-chromium, isenzo se-graphite njengezinto zokwenza idiphozi. Kwakhona, i-gas esebenzayo yegesi yetshe ngezinye idibaniswe kwinkqubo yomxube. Umzekelo, i-oxygen, i-nitrogen okanye i-acetylene.

Nendlela ekhankanywe ngentla apha, abakhiqizi bayakwazi ukuvelisa iingubo ezincinci ezivela kwi-2 angstroms ukuya kwi-microns emi-2. Iingcali ziqaphele ukuba emva kokusebenzisa i-PVD-yokugubungela ukuqhutyelwa komsebenzi ongezelelweyo kwemveliso ayifuni.

Uthini umahluko phakathi kweengubo zePVD kunye nokwakha? Izindlela zokwenza iindawo zokukhusela

Zindlela zombini zikhankanywe apha ngasentla zokukhusela umlindi ukususela kumswakama zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini. Iingcali zithi ukungafani okuphambili phakathi kwesi sitshixo kunye nesigqeba esiqhelekileyo ngokuchanekileyo kwegolide kwi-bracelet kunye ne-watch watch.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho insimbi kunye ne-PVD-yokubhinqa-inxalenye okanye izele, iphuzi okanye imhlophe. Ndiyabulela kule ndawo yokubhinqa, ityala lokulinda linamapropati ahlambulukileyo yamanzi kunye nokuchasana okuphezulu. Ubunzima balo mhlaba bububanzi buvela kwi-3 μm ukuya kuma-20 μm.

Iingcali zithetha ukuba isakhiwo sichithwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngonyaka, ubukhulu begolide kumzimba wokubukela bunciphisa, ngokwemanani embalwa, malunga ne-1 micron.

Kukho nezinye iindlela zokusebenzisa izambatho zokukhusela:

• Isibambiso seGalvani kunye ne palladium (isilwanyana esincinci se-nickel sisetyenzisiweyo), esinika umkhiqizo omhlophe umbala;
• Iingubo zaseGalvani kunye ne-palladium kunye ne-nickel (ihluke kwindlela eyadlulileyo kwipesenti ephezulu ye-nickel isetyenziswe apha);
• Ukupomfa kwe-Ionic yentsimbi (ubukele ityala elimhlophe, kodwa umbala ongenanto);
• Idilesi yegolide ye-ionic (inika umkhiqizo zonke iintlobo zee-shades eziluhlaza).

Phakathi kweendlela zokupompa kwe-thermal, ezi zilandelayo ziyaziwa:

• Ukuqhuma kwe-laser;
• Umoya we-electron umphunga;
• Ukuphuphuma kwe-evaporation nge-arc;
• Ukuthungela iMagnetron;
• Ukufakelwa kweeon.

Izinto ezichaphazela ukuchasana kwengubo

Ukuphila kwexesha elide kuncike kwi:

1. Izambatho zenziwe ngesikhumba soqobo. Iyanciphisa ubomi bokubhinqa ngamaxesha amabini.
2. Ubungakanani bomthunzi womntu, umnini womlindi. Umzimba ungaqala 'ukubola' emacaleni nangapha kwicala elingemva.
3. Ubunxibe bengubo ngokwayo.
4. Ukuthotyelwa kweemfuno zeteknoloji yesicelo esiqinileyo
5. Isinyithi esiza kubutywa (ayibangeli ukubambelela).
6. Imigaqo yokusetyenziswa kwemveliso.

Impawu eziphambili zeengubo zePVD

Iingubo ezingentla apha zinempawu ezilandelayo:

• I-Hyperfine (ubukhulu ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-3 μm);
• Yenziwe ngaphandle kokubonakala kwindlela enoba yintoni inkunkuma;
• Unomlinganiselo ophezulu wokuhlala;
• Unamandla ngokwaneleyo;
• Ukhusela loo mveliso kwiimpawu.

Iiyure ze-PVD-zokubhinqa ngenye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokuzikhusela. Ndiyabulela kule mpuphu yokutshiza, iimpawu zokusebenza zeemveliso zinyuka.