Aleksandr Bell: Biography kunye wokusungula (ifoto)

Aleksandr Grehem Bell wazalwa e Edinburgh (Scotland) ngoMatshi 3, 1847. Uluhlu iimfuno sisazinzulu American kunye Umsunguli libanzi ngokungaqhelekanga. Ekuhloleni yakhe emangalisayo wakwazi ukudibanisa ngobugcisa nenzululwazi nemisindo nomculo, ubunjineli yombane nezixhotyana. Yaba Aleksandr Bell wasungula ifowuni kwaye ubukhulu becala negalelo kuphuhliso imboni eUnited States.

Esakhula

Alexander Melville Bell, Umsunguli uyise elizayo - a yeelwimi ngobuchule kunye nombhali umsebenzi omkhulu-iscale ubugcisa ubugagu. Ngokukodwa, kuba nguye kunye nokudalwa kwinkqubo "Ukuthetha Ebonakalayo", nto leyo evumela ukuba adlulisele izandi zentetho yabantu oluthethwa a imiqondiso ebhaliweyo ekhethekileyo. Ngenxa eli kuphuhliso lizwi, ngaphandle kokwazi ulwimi lwasemzini, ukuze athi ngokuchanekileyo amagama athile.

Abazali Bell wazama ukunikela ingqalelo ubuninzi yesandi izakhono ilizwi kunye ukuphindwa unyana wakhe. Kwiminyaka elishumi elinesithathu, Alexander baphumelela Royal School of Edinburgh, yaye kamva kunyaka wafudukela uyisemkhulu yakhe eLondon. Apha eli ngokuphonononga ubuqili elocution, ukufunda iincwadi weendawo. Xa ndandineminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu umfana onesiphiwo uba utitshala mpendulo kunye umculo Weston House Academy. LeMfundo i-University of Edinburgh uAleksandr Bell akazange agqibe.

Ukufudukela America

Kungekudala emva koko, abazalwana ababini Bell wabulawa sephepha. Oogqirha bayacetyiswa Alexander ukutshintsha imeko. Ugqiba ukuba ukufudukela eKhanada. Ngowe-1870, yonke intsapho kuhlala e Ontario, kwidolophu ekuthiwa Brantford.

Ukususela ngo 1871 Alexander Bell uhlala Boston kwaye ufundisa kwisikolo ezizodwa kubafundi abazizithulu. Ngexesha ukusebenza kwawo, ISAZINZULU utitshala elizayo ngokubonakalayo efuna indlela yokubonisa abangevayo nokuzicacisa kwizandi zentetho. Ngokukodwa, izixhobo lokulingwa apho inwebu okhethekileyo mihla phantsi kwempembelelo amaza isandi kunye intlokoma ngenxa kudluliselwa inaliti. Inaliti, nayo, ubhala i data kwi kwigubu olujikelezayo. Olu qambo Bella yaba negalelo ngenxa yophando lwakhe ezinkulu.

"Talking Telegraph"

Ngowe-1876, lo Mboniso ka yeHlabathi (Philadelphia), i-nzulu thaca ukuze bakuthathele ingqalelo zoluntu umatshini emangalisayo, koko wathi "yocingo ukuthetha". Le yaba ifowuni lokuqala Aleksandra noBella. Unga Khawuthelekelele indlela amalungu ukugweba ngobulungisa, xa baye benako ukuva nothetha i-Danish Prince omnye odumileyo "Ukuze ube okanye ukuba angabi?", Ngelo xesha linye sifunda kwigumbi elilandelayo umsunguli ngokwakhe. Akubuzwa ukuba okusisiphumo se-ngelithi on the phone lokuqala iplanethi engagungqiyo - ukuba ibe?

Umsebenzi phezu ithuba iimpawu zosasazo lamajelo zonxibelelwano Scientist waqala Okunye eSkotlani. Ngoxa e Melika, waqhubeka ekukhuleni kwakhe. Inkangeleko ifowuni yokuqala ehlabathini negalelo kwezinye ezininzi izinto ezibangel 'umdla.

Ngokomzekelo, ngaxa ethile Bella wakwazi ukwenza ipiyano ekhethekileyo zombane, ngokuvumela wokutshintshwa wire isandi womculo.

Xa inkampani "Western Union" ubhengeze imali umvuzo omkhulu nabani na ingafumana indlela yokudlulisela iithelegram eziliqela ngaxeshanye, usebenzise enye kuphela iperi macingo. Ubunkokheli uzame ukunikezela imigca yocingo ezongezelelweyo, kwaye Bell wakwazi nozenza ngaphandle isisombululo ekunene - ngoncedo yophuhliso lwayo Bakwazi nokudlulisela ukuya zocingo 7 kwangoko!

Izinto zenzululwazi Bell wasebenza ngokusondeleyo Thomas Watson, yaye ngokutsho kwemithetho zombane yakhe waya nzulu esidumileyo ukusuka Boston D. Henry.

Personal sesayensi impilo

Juni 11, 1877 Alexander Bell watshata umfundi wakhe owayesakuba Meybl Habbard. Umfazi umenzi sisithulu yakhe kwabantwana abancinane, eneminyaka engama emine, emva wagula nangecesina obubomvu. Emva emcimbini wedding esi sibini wabuyela ekhaya Bell eNgilani. Apha, umakhi ngokusebenzayo exelela wonke umntu malunga emangalisayo speaking yocingo. "Mbono Telephone" wanikwa kwesa intsapho yasebukhosini, amalungu weza uvuyo olungathethekiyo.

Intsimbi kunye nomfazi wakhe waphila iminyaka engama-45. Lonke eli xesha omkhulu phakathi kwabo wahlala ubudlelwane ezifudumeleyo kunye nobuhlobo.

Impumelelo nokubonwa

Emva kokuba kakuhle yaziwa kunye neenkampani azizityebi wala ukuba bathenge amalungelo ngenxa nokuveliswa iifowuni, ISAZINZULU wadala inkampani American Ukuthetha Telephone Company, emva kwexesha elithile yaba likhulu ehlabathini waza waqalisa ukuba nembuyekezo enkulu. NgoMatshi 1979 uAleksandr Bell kunye nomfazi wakhe wafumana-15% yabo ingeniso zizonke, kwaye ngo-1883 imeko yabo lifikelele uphawu onomtsalane ezigidi zeerandi.

Ngowe-1880, umsunguli waphumelela Volta. Bell wafumana imali echithwa kuphuhliso zikaJ iprojekthi entsha - enye yokuqala ehlabathini iinkqubo zokurekhoda ephilileyo, wadala ngentsebenziswano ne uCharles Sumner Tainter.

Ngelo xesha waqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe endle yamayeza. Umzekelo, i-University of Heidelberg imbeko Bell yekhethelo isidanga oncancisayo kuphuhliso yakhe endle amalungu ive.

Ukuphucula ifowuni wahamba. Ngowe-1881, waba phantse ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo.

Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Aleksandr Bell kunye wokusungula wakhe ngokoqobo baliqungaqungileyo elimiweyo ezantsi. Ngelishwa, impilo waqalisa fail nzulu. Ide umoya yokugqibela umfazi wakhe Zanele wahlala abasondeleyo. Kamva, yena ubhala kwidayari yakhe ukuba umyalezo yokugqibela cwaka Bella kwayona perceptible iminwe behlunguzela ngexesha xa yamcela ukuba amshiye. Umsunguli wafa August 4, 1922. Njengophawu yesijwili ukuba izazinzulu enkulu kulo lonke Canada nase-United States zonke phones, ngelo xesha ngaphezulu kwezigidi-13 ziye kucinyiwe.

Interesting izibakala nobomi umsunguli

Biography of Aleksandra Bella umdla phantsi kwiinkcukacha zincinane. Ngoko ke, lo nzulu esidumileyo leyo ibihlaba ukusebenza kuphela ebumnyameni, ebusuku. Maxa wambi iba unobangela ukungavisisani kunye neembambano phakathi amaqabane. ixhala Ukuqonda Zanele Bell wenze imizamo lithemba ukubuyela "yesiqhelo" yesiqhelo yemihla ngemihla, kodwa akukho namnye kubo zange baphumelele.

Kunye August 15, 1877 phakathi Alesandire komntu edume of uThomas Edison yabamba ingxoxo ukwazi, nto leyo ekugqibeleni zisonjululwe kwicala le yokugqibela. Edison wabonisa ukuba ukhetho ifanelekileyo zigcina ekuqaleni incoko yefowuni ilizwi "hello Yongeza", nto leyo eRashiya yajika kakuhle yaziwa kuthi "molo". Sam phone umtyali-mali ecetywayo ukusebenzisa igama elithi "ahoy", bona bubonakala, "Heyi, loyi apho?".

Kwakhona umdla ukuba Bell ngokwakhe akazange ungathanda ukusebenzisa ifowuni - iminxeba ephazamisa ukuba ukucinga nokusebenza. Kodwa unina wakhe okanye umfazi wakhe, yena angabi nako ukuthetha - bobabini abazizithulu ngokupheleleyo.