I. I. Levitan. Imifanekiso nature Russian

I. I. Levitan, ogama imizobo zaziwa kakuhle ukusuka ebuntwaneni, wadalwa ngexesha ubomi yakhe emfutshane ngaphezu kwewaka imizobo, imizobo kunye nomzobo. Zonke isipho sakhe wanika abantu, eshiya wumbi into eyogqitha kulonwabo umdali.

Esakhula, igcisa elizayo

imvumi Future of nature Russian wazalwa ngoAgasti 30, 1860 kwidolophu encinane ekufutshane kwisikhululo sikaloliwe Kybartai, ibekwe kwindawo ngoku Lithuania. UYise wegcisa elizayo yaba Ngomntu onengqondo , kwaye bazama ukunceda abantwana babo, uIsake umntakwabo uAbheli, ukuba bafumane ulwazi. Ukwenziwa yokuqala abazalwana efika ekhaya phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe. Ubomi kude kumaziko enkcubeko kweli lizwe engazange athembise naziphi na ithemba, kwaye Levitanov intsapho yakowabo yafudukela eMoscow. Isaac Ilyich esemncinane Waboniswa italente ukuba umzobo, yaye, nangona ngamahlwempu, wakwazi ukuba bangene Moscow School of Irestyu yeHlabathi.

iminyaka yokufunda ayenzima ngokungaqhelekanga ukuze umfundi oselula. Omnye emva komnye, kokusweleka kwabazali, kunye noIsake yena kwafuneka ukuba anyamekele yeqhekeza lesonka. Kodwa kwakukho kakhulu ngakumbi. Talent, iphindwe ubenokuqina wamnceda ukuba ngoko nangoko abe ngomnye wabafundi ziphambili zesikolo. umsebenzi wakhe wathatha indawo yokuqala kukhuphiswano kunye kuzisa umvuzo. Isiphelo wamnika utitshala omkhulu, V. G. Perova, A. K. Savrasova kunye V. I. Surikova. Aba bantu baye bancedwa ukuba ukuvula italente ngokupheleleyo ngomzobi abatsha. Ke okona kubalulekileyo, bamsa kwesazinge kuluntu odumileyo Peredvizhnik.

Impumelelo lokuqala real

NgoMatshi 1877, eMoscow wadibana mboniso yesihlanu zobugcisa mobile. Leitan yokuqala yabonisa imisebenzi yakhe kumagumbi ezinye iinkosi recognised institution of brush. Impumelelo yaba engalindelekanga nomsindo. Ingakumbi ephawulwe ukupeyinta yakhe "Ukwindla". Levitan wazaliswa ulonwabo. Kuloo minyaka, uvavanyo eliphezulu umsebenzi igcisa ngamnye ukuya kuthenga imizobo yakhe edumileyo yakhe Tretyakov Gallery. Kungekudala umfanekiso Levitan wabonakala kwiiholo zawo.

Emva kwethutyana, kwakukho omnye isiganeko ebalulekileyo Levitan ebomini. A van'wankumi ezaziwayo-kakuhle umsunguli lenkampani opera yabucala, Savva Morozov, ukuzuza iqela amagcisa ukuba bayile ngemise- zabo. Koko ndacelwa kunye I. I. Levitan. Imizobo zakhe eyaziwayo Morozov. Ukusebenza yemidlalo liye nje kuphela wamnceda ekuphuhliseni italente yakhe, kodwa nokomeleza eziphathekayo. Yena uya uhambo ukuya iVolga.

A uhambo oluya iVolga nakwamanye amazwe

Umlambo omkhulu Russian wayesaziwa kuye, ikakhulu iindinyana Nekrasov kunye Repin. Ukusuka uhambo Levitan wazisa uthotho lwemizobo. Luphawu eyaziwa abanjalo njenge "Sangokuhlwa kwi iVolga", "Golden Ples", kunye nabanye abaninzi. Kwakhona, imizobo yakhe Tretyakov Igalari. Oku nje yimpumelelo, oko kuwakrobela.

I. I. Levitan, ogama imifanekiso athandwa kakhulu eRashiya, uya phesheya. E Paris, eBerlin neRoma, wayetyelela iimyuziyam enkulu ehlabathini kunye efunda ezindala. Kakade ke, kuya kuba nenzuzo enkulu, kodwa ixesha elide ukuhlala kude laseRashiya yena akakwazi. Xa iileta zakhe abahlobo artist uxelela ukutsala ngayo ekhaya komhlaba lakhe lokuzalwa Russian.

Ukudalwa womzobo "Bells Hosi"

Ngaphambi wayengomnye imisebenzi yakhe edumileyo. Picture Levitan "Bells Hosi" uyakwazi ushiye akekho ngabandayo. Kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba yonke le web izele lyricism ngokungaqhelekanga kunye ifudumale. Ingcamango womzobo weza evela Levitan Slabodka kufuphi Zvenigorod. Apho ke wafumana ithuba lokubona Savvino Storozhevsky woonongendi ukutshona kwelanga.

Le artist yahlaselwa ubuhle into awayibonayo. Kodwa basebenze umzobo, awawuqalayo Yuryevets, apho ibekwe phezu kunxweme Lake Krivozersky monastery. Ngoko ke, lo mfanekiso Levitan "Bells Hosi" waphefumlelwa ezimbini amandulo Russian nezigodlo. Uninzi yomsebenzi womzobi, abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba yiva kwisihobe iitempile ezindala bamfundisa Savrasov.

Iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi womzobi

Ngowe-1897 waba thaca kuluntu yenye ilaphu ukuba waba wobugcisa landscape umzobo Russian. Lo mfanekiso Levitan "Spring. Big Water". Kakhulu ukuthobeka ubukhulu, kuba unikwe umxholo. Spring imvuselelo yobomi, ukuvuseleleka imikhosi ezintsha kunye mathemba mibala yayo engundoqo. I. I. Levitan, ogama imizobo baye bangena-mali segolide lwenkcubeko wesizwe, waphila ubomi obufutshane. Wafa ngoAgasti 4, 1900, ngokungathi UPawulos uphuhliso ubuchule kwenkulungwane ye-19.