History of Russia: Menshikov Palace

Lower Garden and Oranienbaum Grand Menshikov Palace kuphela ibhotwe kunye park lomculo, ugcine indlela amaxesha uPetros nam namhlanje. isakhiwo nguMmangaliso yobuciko, engqongwe park rhoqo, isikali yayo butshabalale ke nobungangamela kubonisa namabhongo lerhuluneli yokuqala eSt Petersburg kunye ozithandayo loMlawuli A. D. Menshikova.

Ukukhetha le indawo ibhotwe kunxweme eRussia luphawu sokuvunywa kwiBaltic kunxweme. A ukufana ethile ngendlela ime Menshikov Palace kunye Imperial Ibhotwe e Peterhof kunye Strelna, kwaqatshelwa abaninzi ababephila: isakhiwo ibekwe nje ususelwe elwandle, phezu kwinqwanqwa.

Le ebhotwe lakhiwe 200 yeemitha elwandle bluffs yonxweme, yaye kubonakala ukuba ndiyihlanganise ndiyidadise ngaphezu komhlaba ezingqongileyo.

Izanda eziphambili umzimba komkhulu, ngasekunene nangasekhohlo noko ezikufutshane, ezimbini iphiko elinye ibali-, ukuba abo eminqubeni isiphelo - ecaweni kunye Japan. Menshikov Palace e Oranienbaum ezahlukeneyo yomhombiso ezahlukeneyo zangaphakathi kunye nocikizeko, lo gama milinganiselo wezasekhaya azikho zinkulu kakhulu.

Palace waqala kwakhiwa womzobi D. Fontana evela eItali ngo-1711. Kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, ukwakhiwa waqhubeka uJohann Schedel.
Ukwakhiwa omnye kunayo zokuhlala kwilizwe le Petrine era sagqitywa ngowe-1727.

Menshikov akazange ukuba baphile apha: njengoko niyamazi, emtyhola ngelithi uMbuso, wathunyelwa ezinde. Kodwa ngexesha ekuweni zorhulumente a anempembelelo enamandla emhlabeni kwibhotwe sele Garden Lower ekhutshelwe, nto leyo eye zibangelwa elwandle lomsele iinqanawa. Menshikov Palace iquka umzimba engundoqo, neegalari ezimbini, iCawa kunye Japan saseThailand, kunye isakhiwo sezolawulo, edibene ebhotwe. Kwakhona phezu kwendawo kwakukho lokusila, ibhafu, intaka kunye eziziifama, efihlakeleyo, ivenkile ingcibi, nezitali.

Emva kokuba ihlazo Menshikov wonke umsebenzi ezinxulunyaniswa nokwakhiwa isigodlo Oranienbaum, nge-amabini kwamashumi ziyakupheliswa.

Emva yokurhoxa Menshikov Oranienbaum wasiwa kwiBhodi Admiralty kwaye kwakhona kwisiBhedlele Marine. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, abanikazi besi zasebhotwe atshintsha rhoqo, isakhiwo ngokwayo yathotyelwa ngokutsha ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngaphakathi kwayo nabo kuyasetyenzwa kwakhona.

Ngowe-1743 Oranienbaum ithiwe thaca kwi-uKumkanikazi Elizabeth njenge yokuhlala ozukileyo Grand Duke Peter III. umsebenzi kwi kuyilo ibhotwe olugcinwe yi Bartolomeo Rastrelli, Obumbe eyadini, qhoboshela iphiko lwasempumalanga, waza wenza yokuguqulwa Gardens Lower. Ekubeni intsapho 1746 Peter III zonke ihlobo wahlala isigodlo Oranienbaum.

Ngowe-1792 Peterstadt Menshikov Palace mazigqithiselwe kuLwandle yeCadet lweSizwe, kodwa kwiminyaka embalwa kamva, waphinda Oranienbaum waba kuyo ehlobo i-Grand lweTshawe wahlala kuloo ubume de-1917, ngoxa impahla asebukhosini.

Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II isigodlo Oranienbaum yaba umonakalo kakhulu ngaphantsi kwe kwezinye amabhotwe amadlelo St Petersburg. Namhlanje, lo ebhotwe yonke eliphethwe myuziyam-reserve "Oranienbaum".