GDP Kazakhstan esithi: ubume kunye namandla. Kazakhstan: GDP ngamnye

Xa ngokwezalathi zoqoqosho Kazakhstan lelona lizwe inzuzo kunye nempumelelo e Central Asia. Enye amagunya ezilishumi ezinkulu zemali Europe. ukuba Eyona mithombo iphambili yengeniso ingqalelo oyile kunye neeminerali, kwakunye obunjineli boomatshini kunye noshishino metal-esebenzayo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba Kazakhstan mhlawumbi lizwe kuphela kweli lizwekazi, ephuhlisa ngesantya engakholelekiyo ebudeni ezolimo.

uphuhliso loqoqosho

Emva kokuba Ukuwa kweUSSR kwakukho ladodobala ebalulekileyo zemali kweli lizwe, olwaqhubeka kwaze 1995. Nangona umnotho yayisecicini emali ophezulu. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali Inkcitho kakhulu kwagqithiswa ingeniso. Bekukho kungalingani nkqubo namaxabiso. Abasemagunyeni ayikwazanga ukufumana Awunakuzinyanzela abalimi bodwa. Konke oku kuye kwakhokelela Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nentswela-ngqesho. Inkqubo credit kuyaqala kuphela ukuhluma.

Ngowe-1993, imali nakazwelonke sele yaziswa ku Kazakhstan, apho kuthiwa "KZT". Ukuzinziswa ezingezizo izinga lotshintshiselwano kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni kubekho ukuwa in imveliso kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ngenxa yoko, GDP ukuhla ngakumbi kwe-9%. Ngowe-1995, ngokwenkqubo yesikweliti sele ilungiswe apha naphaya. umgaqo olunjalo wolawulo kunganqandwa emali ukuya kwi-60%. Ngo-2007 bekukho ukwanda elibukhali kwi GDP Kazakhstan i-phantse-30%. Ukususela ngoko, eli nani kwandisa kuphela. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, izinga lokukhula GDP zehlele. Esona sizathu siphambili oko kozinzo macroeconomy jikelele. Bunjani imvelaphi jikelele zemali wenza nkqubo iphumelela kurhwebo lwasekhaya. Kwakhona, inxalenye ebalulekileyo mali lokubuya na ingeniso evela isivuno enkulu.

Iimpawu zoqoqosho

Ungeno liphezulu ukwehla kwimbali Kazakhstan yabonakala ngo-1999. Ke zibalo malunga nowama-59%. Isizathu sokuba ukwehla yaba Inqanaba lokugqibela le lenguqu ukuya Tenge. Ngo-2009, isantya sokwehla kwamaxabiso kumile-17%.

Njengoko kwamaxabiso, kwi-1990, kwaba malunga ne-210%. Kwixesha elizayo, imvelaphi kwezoqoqosho sinozinzo lwemali kazwelonke kweli lizwe. Elona kuneqondo lokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezibonakala 1998 - 1.9%. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, xa kuthelekiswa ngaphantsi kwe-6%. ityala yangaphandle Kazakhstan isusela-150 ezigidi zeerandi. Le mali kwandisa ngonyaka ngamnye. De kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ityala malunga $ 108 yezigidi zezigidi.

Iimpawu imboni

Enye namashishini aphambili inzuzo i obunjineli boomatshini. Inzuzo evela kulo msebenzi kancinci ngaphantsi kwe-8% of GDP Kazakhstan kaThixo. abenzi Local ukuvelisa izixhobo kushishino lwezimbiwa, icandelo lezithuthi ngezantsi. Kuphela ngo-2012, ngaphezu kwama-12 amawaka imoto Kazakh wafika kwimarike yehlabathi.

Iron nensimbi yi-13% ye-GDP yelizwe iyonke. Nyaka ngamnye, izityalo e Kazakhstan atsalwa yaye alungiswa up 8 billion iitoni yentsimbi ekrwada kuyo. insimbi Nonferrous akukho enasilela ngayo abamnyama ngenxa isabelo ethile ye-GDP. ratio yayo yi-12%. Ngokomthetho izityalo metallurgical ngayo aluminiyam, izinc, ukukhokela nangobhedu. A ayemxinwa kwimveliso - wemagniziyam, titanium kunye nezinye ores ezinqabileyo.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, Kazakhstan yenye abathumela eziphambili ngobhedu ehlabathini. Uninzi ngeemveliso ethengwe eJamani Italy. Ukongeza, eli lizwe ebhalisiweyo 170 iidipozithi zegolide. isakhiwo GDP Kazakhstan ngaphandle kwesizathu isekelwe phezu shishino. Thatha nkqu ishishini imichiza. Kuba imveliso iphosphate kunye izinto zokwenziwa Kazakhstan yeyona inkulu yesithathu Eurasia. kushishino Petrochemical velisa uluhlu olubanzi izinto zobugcisa ezahlukeneyo ezifana separafini, idizili kunye nezibaso kwibhoyila, zepetroli ezinjengezo. D.

Ukongeza, eli lizwe liya kuzinza kakuhle imveliso zezixhobo zokwakha. Isileyiti, isamente, imibhobho, ilinoliyam, faience, iithayile, kaolin, izifudumezi, radiators, igrabile, njl Eli candelo ithatha 4% ye-GDP. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunendima enkulu kuphuhliso lwecandelo amandla.

Xana Agriculture

Isabelo GDP Kazakhstan i-zibekelwe bucala ukulungiselela oku hlobo lomsebenzi ingaphezulu kwe-5%. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, eli nani imba eqolo. Emva phaya kwiminyaka yee-1990, ezolimo zisendaweni% 1.8 kuphela GDP iyonke. Ukususela ngo-2002 kuphuhliso lwezigidi shishino zeerandi iye ngqo. Ilungu ibalulekileyo "lokufama" wengingqi ukulinywa iitapile, ezikhanywa kunye nevatala. Isivuno iyonke lonyuka amaxesha 6 kule minyaka ili-10. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukunyuka iingeniso evela kwintengiso imifuno kunye neziqhamo. Ngesivuno inzuzo ingqalelo nengqolowa, nerhasi oats. Ngasentshonalanga lizwe zande nomlimi umbona nojongilanga.

Iinkomo kumakishwa kwezinto ezimbi. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imfuyo Sehle phantse isiqingatha.

Amanani trade Foreign

Into yokuqala kwinqanaba GDP ku Kazakhstan kuchaphazela angaphandle. Amaqabane eziphambili kurhwebo weRiphabliki ingqalelo yeBaltic kunye ico. Bona akhawunti ukuba malunga nowama-59% yenani lilonke ezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Eyokuqala kwenzeka kuluhlu Russian. ukuphuhlisa ngempumelelo ubudlelwane urhwebo namazwe angaphandle, afana eJamani, Czech Republic, Turkey, Italy, eSwitzerland, eUnited States, eNgilani, South Korea.

Imali urhwebo yonyaka phakathi Kazakhstan neRashiya imalunga $ 30 billion. Uninzi kumazwe angaphandle iimveliso zepetroliyam ukulidla, ngoko isinyithi kunye ores. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba kuphela yi-20% yabelwe onke amanye amacandelo kwemveliso kunye neenkonzo. Iimveliso ezingundoqo kungenisa oli ekrwada, izixhobo, izithuthi, izixhobo, iimveliso zokutya.

inkqubo yezimali

I-avareji level of GDP of Kazakhstan liyanda minyaka yonke. Bayiphumeza lo mkhwa Bulelani ezintle inkqubo zemali lwangaphakathi olusebenzayo. Emva ngo-1998 enkulu-isikali kuhlaziyo lomhlala lwaqhutywa kweli lizwe. In utshintsho inyathelo elilandelayo kwimarike stock unenzondelelo. Phakathi kuka-2014 kweli lizwe esebenza kwiibhanki yesizwe 38.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke iintengiselwano ezibalulekileyo zemali ziye zatshekishisiswa ncam iikomiti karhulumente afanelekileyo kunye neenkonzo. Inkqubo yoqoqosho Kazakhstan iphantsi kolawulo olungqongqo lwe abasemagunyeni.

Le ngxaki kakhulu zemali kunyaka 2008 kwiRiphabliki. Noko ke, ukwehla GDP lathatha yokuhlala ingxelo ezimbini kuphela.

ukukhula komnotho

2014 kwaphawulwa nokuthoba kakhulu kweli lizwe umngcelele wonikezelo kunye nemfuno. Ngenxa yoko, kwabakho Dynamics elibi GDP Kazakhstan kaThixo. Eli nani yawa-6% ukuya kwi-4%. Kwaye onxulumene xenga ushishino oyile ihlabathi. Kwakhona, i ombi kwemfuno iimveliso yentsimbi evela eRashiya neChina yabonakala. Konke oku bachaphazeleka ngokungalunganga kungekuphela eyenzwa Kazakhstan, kodwa kuyo yonke inkqubo ngetyala. Kuba kuqheleke abasemagunyeni zoqoqosho eli lizwe baye bagqiba ekubeni lenze umgaqo-nkqubo werhafu inkanuko. Ukongeza, emva ikhondo kukuwa Government of Kazakhstan Tenge zazijoliswe ekuyigcineni amanqaku zentlalo noshishino ngaphezu $ 5.5 yezigidi zezigidi.

uguquko kwezezimali

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uRhulumente weRiphabliki izama ukunqanda ifuthe elibi yokudodobala kwezoqoqosho kwi kwimalike yabasebenzi. Kungenjalo oko kuya kukhokelela ekubeni imilinganiselo lwamashishini amancinane kunye nefuthe ngqo kwi iindidi abuthatha abemi.

Kuba Ukuzinziswa yokufakelwa uqoqosho kunye nenqanaba GDP kweli lizwe angene ukusebenza iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kwezentlalo. Mali ivela National Fund ukusuka ngokutsha kwenxenye imali karhulumente.

Phakathi kwezinye iinguqulelo eziyimfuneko ukuze anikezele iphakheji entsha yeMilinganiselo ukutsala abatyali angaphandle kunye nenkxaso kumashishini amancinci.

Outlook kanye Ubungozi

Kutshanje ibisoloko utshintsho olunzulu GDP Kazakhstan apho. ukuphuculwa kuphela sase- 2017. Njengoko ka-2014, ukukhula GDP wema 4.1%. Le Dynamics le isalathisi kuwa yonke imihla, kude kube bume kwezoqoqosho kumazwe ngamazwe akayifumana zinga lokujamelana. Impembelelo ubungozi zasekhaya yemali Kazakhstan kunye nangenkxalabo politiko kule ngingqi. Eyona nto kakhulu embi ekunciphiseni GDP yelizwe yeyona ungquzulwano phakathi eRashiya naseUkraine. Ngenxa yale nzima kakhulu ukufumana abatyali-zimali ukuze ithemba ixesha elide izinzile.

Dynamics-GDP ngowama-2015

Okwangoku, kukho kokoma ngumntu eli candelo loqoqosho weRiphabliki Kazakhstan. GDP ngamnye imalunga 13.6 amawaka eerandi. Eli nani ngo-2015 ukuba lincitshiswe wawunzulu. Iingcali ukuqikelela ukuba ukukhula GDP kufuneka ziwe-2%. Noko ke, kunyaka olandelayo kulindeleke ukuba imeko ye 5.5%.

Kude ekupheleni kwalo nyaka, ukuphakamisa umgangatho-GDP kungalindelekanga, njengoko amaxabiso oyile kunye namanani kumazwe kuqhubeka ukuze bawe.