Filing kophahla: izinto, iindlela eqwalasele, izixhobo

Ayizizo zonke izinto noshowo endlwini akudingi processing eyongezelelweyo ukwenzela ukunika kubuhle isibheno. nokugcina inkqubo nophahla ngokungqinelana ukuphunyezwa zobungcali phelisa ngombala zokuhombisa. Nangona kunjalo, ubukho eyilwe nezixhobo zokukhabela iqapheleka wenza roofers ingqalelo eyodwa kunikwa ekugqityweni ezi zinto. Oku yenza yokufayilisha wophahla, nto leyo kuphela zokuhombisa, kodwa umsebenzi esebenzayo lungaluhlobo lokunika ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo.

Yintoni itulo lephahla kunye yokufayilisha?

Xa uhlobo omnye okanye omnye, lo sisombululo yokwakha iphunyeziwe phantse zonke izindlu mihla kunye ezithambekileyo. Okubalulekileyo, le yinxalenye kwiziphambuka ogqithela ngaphaya moya beendonga. Enye into kukuba yonke sakhiwo uye dimensions itulo ethile, kwakunye ekugqibeleni ngamnye. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukwabela nezixhobo zokukhabela ububanzi nemxinwa. Okunye ujongo oluqinileyo side imitha uphahla - ingakumbi ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo lizwe abucala, engqongwe ngobunono. wophahla Nciphisa kwakhona zinezibonelelo yayo, kuquka ukukwazi ekwakheni indawo kwindawo encinane. Ukongeza, indlela yazo elifutshane yenza isakhiwo neyi ngakumbi yaye inomkhitha.

Asinako ukuba ubukho itulo umele ukuba ikhaya mihla. Ngaphandle kuyo, ungenza, ngokuzalisa kwithambeka uphahla apho kudibana ne umgca udonga. Noko ke, nokungalali inkxaso eqinileyo kwenza uphahla olomeleleyo ixesha elide kangako. Ezi izisombululo zisetyenziswa kuphela abayili abanamava nabakulungeleyo kakhulu, nako ukubala umyinge eluphahleni kunye nokwakha. Kodwa ke uninzi uphahla iprojekthi yendlu busenza ukuba ezibalaseleyo ngaphaya moya le nezixhobo zokukhabela eludongeni, kuqulunqo apho kunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

izixhobo ezifunekayo

Khetha izixhobo kunye nezinto kufuneka ibe emva kokuba isampulu azotywe isicwangciso itulo nokuhlaliswa. Umzekelo, ukuba izinto zokwakha metal ziya kusetyenziselwa uhombiso, kunokuba ngothotho lwezixhobo ngemibhobho yobungcali. Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa i soffit tubing, siya unganciphisa zesiseko ngumchweli. Lo mgangatho ukwanika uluhlu kombiwa zoqeqesho izixhobo, screwdriver, izando nezixholo, hacksaw, izixhobo zokuthatha umlinganiselo, leri. Kwakhona, kuxhomekeke mathiriyeli lwesakhiwo eliseluphahleni kusenokufuneka izixhobo nzima - umzekelo, i- screwdriver ekujikeni.

Ngokumalunga izinto inkcitho, isiseko soku kumisa hardware ezifanelekileyo umbandela obandayo asetyenziswe lilungiselelo uphahla. Ingakumbi, le yokufayilisha kophahla singenziwa ngezikhonkwane, izikrufu, izikrufu self-uthinte, nkqu ezityiwa. Ukukhusela imiphezulu kwaye ingafuna nemixube ezikhethekileyo: ngesinyithi kufuna processing, nemithi - ukufuma Ipeyinti ukumelana isicelo.

Amagcisa enza into yokubopha

Nezixhobo zokukhabela ingaba Sew onxusene okanye nkqo ukuya ethambekeni. Ngokwesiqhelo kusetyenziswa iiphaneli khazi nemivalo, ngoko oluhlobo kufaneleke kwiimeko ezininzi. Okungaqhelekanga kuphela ukusetyenziswa lonke iphepha metal - kule meko uqwalaselo ilungiselelo lining awungeni ndawo. Ngoko ke, le ndlela elula ukufaka enxuseneyo imiqadi, nto leyo eya kwenza moya eqhelekileyo kwi iiclamps ezisezantsi. Oku pam Vol ngokupheleleyo nge-engile ngaphakathi degrees 30. Ngaloo ubude ukususwa ngokuqhelekileyo zomyalelo-50 cm. Ayanda wenziwa sheathing ezenziwe iibhodi kunye zigxunyekwe emiqadini. Njengoko izinto zobuchwepheshe ezifunekayo amalungiselelo eyayingqalene nodonga.

Ukuba uphahla kukho lwehla eweni, kungcono ukwenza ufakelo aa Incopho emiqadini. Ibhokisi yokuqala wabumba imivalo, nto leyo kamva iqhotyoshelwe eludongeni ukuze imiqadi, ngamanye kwiindawo ezimbini. Ukuqinisekisa yamanzi olusebenzayo amaplanga kufuneka zilahlwe kwi imiqadi, ithotywe 2 cm ngezantsi kodonga kuthelekiswa woogxa balo. Njengoko inzuzo ingasetyenziswa nemivalo obandayo ezongezelelweyo. Ezi iindlela ezingundoqo Jaji uphahla, kodwa kwezinye iimeko iyavakala ukusebenzisa iindlela ezizezinye wobhaliso lwale uphahla. Ngoko ke, ukuphucula isiphumo zokuhombisa ngamanye amaxesha basebenzisa iirholithi isakhiwo oxwesileyo. Kodwa kule imeko ubunzima ukuthembeka noshowo.

Ziziphi izinto ezisetyenziswa kulo msebenzi?

mhlawumbi Le yenye yeengxaki eziphambili ezibonakalisa impumelelo siganeko. Phakathi kwezinto ezininzi ethandwa ezisetyenziswa kulo msebenzi kukubonelela soffit, owenza kumazantsi lwesakhiwo. Izinto eziluncedo yale isisombululo ziquka into yokuba uyilo kanye, ubungakanani kunye ukubukeka kwayo yonke loo mbandela ulungileyo uhlangana iinjongo zokusebenza ithambeka. Ngokukodwa, uphahla kunye ngetsheki enjalo zongeza Classic bokwakha izindlu ukwakheka lizwe. Umphezulu eseleyo inxenye oluvelayo Uchitha yethemba, ngamaplanga okanye ujike. Eneneni, umahluko ezithile kwiindidi izinto njengoko kukho namnye, kuba iqela ngalinye libe nakho ukufumana isisombululo ofanelekileyo ukuba itulo ethile.

Enye into ebalulekileyo yile finishes umgangatho zobugcisa. Okokuqala ukuba bacinge malunga scheme umbala. imibala Shiny ukwenza isithuba phantsi uphahla lighter kwaye inzima ngenxa entsa ezikhanyayo nezimnyama - phezu koko, egxile Thunzi lwesakhiwo. Akukho mfuneko yokufayilisha kophahla kufuneka ihambisane zokuxhoma yayo texture. Oku kunjalo xa kudityaniswe ovunyelweyo abenza imibala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo sakhiwo. Noko ke, xa ukhetha umbala akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokuthatha ingqalelo iimpawu zendalo umbandela ngokwayo. Kakade ke, ukuguda noburhabaxa endalo iinkuni iya akhangele nenzuzo kakhulu, kodwa ke paintwork original kunokwenzeka oza kumnyamekela. Kwaye ngoku, emi ngokwahlukileyo ingqalelo iinketho ezahlukeneyo izinto nokuyifeza ngeninako.

Ukugcwalisa uphahla baba

Ngoko nangoko kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ujike na otyhidiweyo, iinkuni kunye zeplastiki. Kungenxa yale njongo ekukhethwa ukuba ugqibile zisekelwe Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), njengoko akoyiki ukufuma yaye kulula ukufaka. Kits ngemivalo ujike ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka kunye izixhobo ze nokunyuswa - lo kokuxhuma, i-engile, grooving izitshixo, ngokunjalo kumacandelo ezimilise U ngenxa emiphethweni zoyilo. Ngako oko, ukufakwa kunye uphahla wenziwa kuxhomekeke indlela nitrogen, ezinikwa iziqalelo kumenzi saydingovyh. Amaninzi, ufakelo lwenziwa aa Incopho ezindongeni. Ukubeka inikwa kwiindawo eziliqela, inani apho kwanda ukwandisa nobubanzi itulo. Inye kuphela into ayikhuthazwa ukuyenza loo a roofers abanezakhono ukugqiba - ke iziqwengana ufakelo ecaleni ethambekeni. Esi sikimu sifaneleke ngakumbi ngenxa mqukumbelo ngomthi, nto leyo iphawulwa ukumelana eliphezulu ngomatshini.

Spotlight ixesha lokufaka uphahla

Njengoko baba, soffits zixhotyiswe ngeekhithi ezizodwa ezifuna, ukusetyenziswa leyo eyandisa lula ibandla nomgangatho. imicu zidla kunikwa iiprofayili J-ezimile yenzelwe beengxenye iinkcukacha ezininzi ngendlela istili enye. Soffits ngokwabo ukumisela panels ezenziwe ngezinto ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, IVinyl soffits, njengoko sele kuchaziwe, iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zokuhombisa kwakunye ukuxhathisa kwiimpembelelo yangaphandle. ubunzima Low ezi zilwanyana akuthethi ukuyilayisha isakhiwo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye lugcina umsebenzi amandla.

kucetyiswa ukuba sebenzisa i-alumuniyam nobhedu isasetyenziswa ephahleni omkhulu kunye nezixhobo zokukhabela ububanzi. izinyithi ukukhanya kwakhona ziyingozi akukho ingozi ngokwemiqathango sithwalisa kodwa ukunika amandla kunye kwithambeka eyaneleyo. Isiphumo esiphezulu ukhuseleko ibonelela soffit tubing, eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ufakelo njengenxalenye lwesakhiwo. Ngenxa yobukho vee kwi panels nokuba abangenamava umakhi ngokulula ukwenza Umatshini eqinileyo nethembekileyo ukuze yophahla.

elibele Decking

Ngokwemiqathango ukuthembeka itulo yinto ukhetho elungileyo, kodwa hayi zonke zonakala malunga yofakelo kunye neempawu zokuhombisa. Ngokumalunga ufakelo bokuqonda, i-nitrogen olwenziwa nasiphi na isikhundla kuxwebhu olungiswe lathing. inkqubo ubunzima kungabangela imfuneko ukuze kuhlaziywe ii kuhanjwa yoqobo ngokungqinelana zokusebenza imilinganiso kumphezulu ngoko ziyacetyiswa ukuba bafumane ubungakanani wacela sheets. iipropati zokuhombisa kwi intsimbi wazaleka uNothozamile - kumphezulu ubuninzi unako zipeyintwe, kodwa kulo mzekelo umphumo uya kuba kude ujike efanayo. Kwakhona, soffits IVinyl ngaphandle unyango bavela phi ngempumelelo ngakumbi yaye zibukeke. Kwinkqubo owandayo iimakhishithi kufuneka ukushiya isithuba ukuba umoya. Njengoko olu daka metal eqhubekayo, ukuqukwa amaqoqo ezithile ukwenzela ukwakha imijelo umoya yimeko yofakelo enyanzelekileyo. Makuthathelwe kufuneka anikwe nokudibana kunokwenzeka elizayo kwezixhobo ukukhanyisa. Ukuba kwezinye izinto kaloku akugqiba kulula ukugqibezela, intsimbi loo imisebenzi enze ezintsonkothileyo ngakumbi - kwakhona, ukhetho engcono kungaba ukufakela sangaphambili yobungcali ubungakanani komhlaba ulungiso luminaire.

Ugqibezela clapboard itulo

Kwaye linings, kunye panel particleboard ibe nye elungileyo wazaleka itulo, kodwa kuphela xa processing lwenziwa ngokomgangatho kumphezulu wazo. Eneneni, ngenxa yobukho ukutyabeka yokhuselo mveliso ulolo hlobo yomhombiso ikhethwa phezu ukusetyenziswa iibhodi zemveli. Oko kukuthi, kufuneka ukufumana okanye lobumanzi battens okanye panels ichipboard ngomaleko efanayo. Ufakelo lwenziwa kwi ikreyiti uzilungiselele. Ubukho balo inikeza kanye itulo lephahla ukususela njengemicwana nitrogen kwinxalenye osecaleni eludongeni singenziwa ngqo ngaphambili. Ngexesha lofakelo, musani ukuboyika ukuyilwa neentanda ezinkulu hayi - kwixesha elizayo, ukuba ayanceda nezingenisi-moya eziya kuzuza isithuba ngaphantsi kophahla. Ukuba umsebenzi owenziwayo endlwini kunye uphahla, lo umoya kubhetele ukuba amalungiselelo yi iigridi ezizodwa, kunye Umatshini ukwenza kunye izikhewu engephi.

Iindleko zomsebenzi

Osebenza phantsi Umatshini ingqamana umsebenzi ngokubekwa engundoqo nophahla okanye kwemi khazi. Gcina kule kuyilo akukhuthazwa kuba akukho nje umsebenzi zokuhombisa. Ngoko, iindleko zokwakha kwindawo umlinganiselo 400-600 engange. / M ^2. Ukuba imisebenzi eyenziwa ngaphandle njengenxalenye lulonke ufakelo kophahla, ixabiso lingaba ngaphantsi. Kwelinye icala, ukuntsonkotha lobuchwepheshe ukuhamba kunokwandisa iindleko imisebenzi.

Kakade ke, ngokubanzi ukubalwa ixabiso kubekho nokuyifeza ayisoze accounting ngenxa amaxabiso izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ezibiza kakhulu lo soffit, leyo zingathengwa ngenxa 300-400 engange. / M ^2. baba abizayo exabisa kunye nomgangatho lining - malunga 200 engange / m ^{2 ..} Ukuba uceba ukuyila wophahla kunye neendleko ubuncinane, iyavakala ukukhetha elebhu, kodwa enokwenzeka decking metal. Kulo mzekelo, iindleko zizonke imisebenzi zokwakha ziya kuba malunga 700-800 miri. / M ² kunye neenkonzo roofer intlawulo. iindleko cheap kunye nebhodi eqhelekileyo, kodwa olu khetho kufuneka isetyenziswe kuphela xa kukho iziyobisi ngenxa unyango manzi, ukuze wenze njalo njani elibele iinkuni kwifomu yayo became ayikhuthazwa.

isiphelo

Aphumele ngaphaya moya beendonga zangaphandle zendlu nezixhobo zokukhabela abangaboniyo uwajongele phantsi. Ngaphezu koko, indlela yazo nokususwa ebangela ukuyilwa kwisahlulo tyaba umthamo yokwakha. Ukuba wenza uyilo icandelo inkxaso tye, olu luvo iya komelezwa. Kwakhona, iyavakala ukubala amathuba yokuhombisa a itulo elimxinwa. Ngokuba izindlu ezincinane, akhiwe elingene sites ndawo, esi sigqibo uyagwetyelwa ngenxa kuyabuya zokubonwayo compactness kokwakhiwa. ukususwa ethile parameters lephahla kufuneka iqulathe kuyilo eliseluphahleni wendlu, nayo leyo ibonisa itulo kunye graphic yoqwalaselo ubeko ngokubhekiselele iindonga. Xa nqanaba uphuhliso izisombululo zobugcisa silindele ithuba usebenzisa imathiriyeli kunye iipropati ezithile. Kubalulekile nje ukuba ahluze iimpawu zazo ngoomatshini kunye zesimbo, kodwa ukuhambelana kunye nezinye izinto lwesakhiwo eliseluphahleni. Kwezinye iimeko, umzekelo, iingcali Siyaleza ukuncedisana ekupheleni insulators, ezo kungqameko kophahla ukwakha ukhuseleko oluthembekileyo oluvela ukufuma eliphezulu ekhaya.