Ezizalana iinkomo holmogorskaja: inkcazelo, iimpawu, iimpawu ulondolozo kunye nokuzalana

Eendidi iimazi zobisi indlela onemveliso, zininzi. Enye kakhulu zithandwa kwaye abaninzi elizweni lethu holmogorskaja. Zintombi le hlobo yaba kummandla Arkhangelsk kwaye yenye lwasekhaya indala.

A incinane

Eyokuqala ikhankanya ngale hlobo ziphantsi ngenkulungwane ye-18. Kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi ezi iimazi okhule Kholmogory kwisiThili kummandla Arkhangelsk kubuchwepheshe utyani. Ukususela 1693 ukuya 1728 kule ndawo fidgeted iinkomo abasuka kwamanye amazwe. Emva kokuba Arkhangelsk ebesoloko enye mazibuko zibalulekileyo yorhwebo Russian. Iminyanya holmogorki mihla, ngaloo ndlela, ukongeza iinkomo balapha Dutch kunye Holstein. Isiphumo leminyaka ukhetho yendalo baba nemveliso kakhulu, ndingenandawo kunye ukungafuni yokunyamekela izilwanyana. Ngokusesikweni, zohlobo yabhaliswa ngo-1937. Ukususela ngelo xesha, xa kakhulu, yaye umsebenzi ugxininisa ekuphuculeni kuyo.

Modern Kholmogory uhlobo iinkomo: inkcazelo kunye neempawu

Linophawu eziphambili Astrakhan RNC zezi:

• yomzimba side;
• nemilenze emide;
• topline ziindlela ezigudileyo;
• esifubeni elimxinwa obukhulu;
• aphuhliswe kakuhle esile.

Amaninzi Iimazi Kholmogory na isuti abamnyama nabamhlophe. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho kwakhona zibomvu nezinala, emnyama okanye izilwanyana ebomvu. Imibele iimazi kula yee-ubungakanani ingono zezindlu. ubude lokugqibela ekungabonini neengono ukusuka cm 6.5 ukuya ku-9. Abanye abantu abazakluleyo ngokubanzi, abanye ndawonye.

ukuvelisa

cow Kholmogory - izilwanyana ezinkulu. amantshontsho Weight endala ingaba 480-590 kg inkunzi - 850-950 kg. Ubunzima kulo uhlobo amathole emva kokuzalwa ifikelela 32-39 kg. ubunzima ukubulawa amathole - 52-60%.

Nangona ubukhulu enkulu, iinkomo abadala zizala holmogorskaja kuphela ubisi. Kulo mba, imveliso isilwanyana 3600-5000 kg. Ukusuka ethile rekordistok Kholmogory inokufumaneka, kwaye ngaphezu kwama-10,000 kg yobisi lokwaphusa nganye.

Nalapho kuqhawulwe umtshato?

Inye kuphela kwilizwe yokugcina lezakhi Kholmogory hlobo zethu Arkhangelsk plempredprijatija. Ngenxa yoko, engumkhenkce nitrogen engamanzi, iinkunzi imbewu kuthunyelwa kwimimandla emininzi yaseRashiya. imfuyo Khula zizala holmogorskaja kwilizwe lethu yonke indawo. Noko ke, iinkomo ezininzi kakhulu ezisetyenziswayo zafunyanwa kwiingingqi Udmurtia, Tatarstan, eMoscow, Arkhangelsk kunye laseKirov. Ezi iimazi ithandwa kuphela eRashiya. Kukhethwa kwakhona kunikwa amatakane, abalimi abaninzi Moldova kunye Ukraine.

Ubuhle nobubi

Kakade ke, njengayo nayiphi na, Kholmogory iimazi uhlobo ngayo zombini alungileyo kwakunye nangalunganga. I yangaphambili ziquka ikakhulu:

• precocity nenzalo;
• ukukhula ngokukhawuleza;
• unyamezelo ukuxhathisa imiba yemozulu embi;
• ukumelana kwizifo ngezifo.

Abanye ukungabikho Kholmogory uhlobo kukuba maxa wambi kuvela abantu inkunkuma imilenze goso, esifubeni yokungabi nabunzulu kakhulu nangesemva elimxinwa. Xa ikhule kwi amahlwempu imazi Kholmogory idlelo ngokubonakalayo ukwehlisa imveliso. Noko ke, kweli xesha lethu kwiifama, kwiimeko ezininzi exutywe sukuxuba oku hlobo kunye Holstein. ngxilimbela ezinjalo ukuvelisa ubisi oluninzi. Noko ke, bayawufuna ngakumbi umgangatho ngumongikazi. Kholmogorskaya uhlobo kwaqanjwa yayo bavumelekile ukuzalela yonke imimandla yelizwe lethu kunye nayiphi kwemozulu, kuquka ezibandayo.

imixholo Iimpawu

Xa unonophelo iimazi zizala holmogorskaja enzima kakhulu. Ubunzima kuphela uphuhliso nokukhula ukutya okunempilo. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwezinto ezithile okanye underfeeding ezi iimazi angakusindisi kakhulu kwimveliso. lweehagu engafanelekanga kukhokelela ngokuyintloko yokuba imfuyo Kholmogory ziyancipha zisanyisa. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kwimveliso yobisi yezi zilwanyana iphenjelelwa yimiba ezifana:

• inqanaba ukulungiselela yehotele;
• yokusenga routine echanekileyo.

Ukuze ufumane izivuno ezilungileyo iimazi uhlobo zobisi holmogorskaja kufuneka likhule kwi feeds ezifana iflakisi cake zikajongilanga, cereal kunye nemixube utyani izityalo imidumba, kwakunye hay elihle. Xa imbijana ebusika ngokuqhelekileyo zibandakanyiwe silage ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

Ukukhathalela intsha

Amathole Kholmogory uhlobo kwada kwayiminyaka imini-amabini ziqulathe, kunye noonina. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba zigqithiselwe kumaziko ekhethekileyo abaselula wabeka kwicandelo lesigcawu. Emva kokuba nyanga-8 amnyaka zihlelwe ngokungqinelana kunye nophuhliso kunye phantsi. Ngokuba umhlambi ngalinye elincinane ukuphuhlisa pheko kwabo ukutya, compulsorily equlethe mzimba nezimbiwa.

Ukukhetha

Okwangoku, umsebenzi ukuphucula holmogorki kummandla Arkhangelsk, Kakade ke, kuyaqhubeka. Iinzame breeder ngokuyintloko zijolise ekwandiseni imveliso yobisi. Holmogorskaja ukuphuculwa amatakane eemazi, indlela ebonakala leyo ezinikelwe ngentla ngokweenkcukacha, xa lweefama ubugcisa ezimbini eziphambili:

1. Linear. Kulo mzekelo, iimpawu amatye ziyaphuculwa ngokusebenzisa njengoko abavelisi best kwezalathisi zeenkomo. Ngokuba iinkomo zohlobo iNgelosi plempredprijatija wadala amadlozi reserve ngenxa 564 lamawaka. Kwanikezelwa.
2. Zithembise nakancinane xa kufikelelwa imizalwane. Kulo mzekelo, kukhethwe mbelukazi best ezivezwa umgca koomama.

Ukongezelela ezizalayo olusulungekileyo, kwezinye iifama, njengoko sele kuchaziwe, golshtinizatcii aphethwe holmogorskogo iinkomo. Kwakhona likuvumela ukuba ukwandisa imveliso iimazi zobisi. Nangona kunjalo Holstein hybrids nje unzima kakhulu ukondla, kodwa Ubudala ngokukhawuleza. Ubisi zohlobo Kholmogory lwenkomo ingaveliselwa kunye lactations ezintlanu. Ukususela hybrids - ezintathu kuphela. Emizini ezininzi ibhastile ezifuyelwa kunye golshtinskih izakhi ukulaba ngaphezu kwama-50%.

Iinkomo uhlobo Kholmogory: ixabiso kwentsha

Ezi iimazi nto ibiza kakhulu. Kakade ke, musa Unokuwuqhawula umtshato phesheya kwaye kwilizwe lethu. Iindleko yenkomo enye malunga-13 amawaka. Engange. Le ixabiso ngalinye ithole ubudala iinyanga ezi-2. Inyanga yenkomo okanye ithole zingathengwa ukuba amawaka 11. Engange.

Iinkomo Kholmogory uhlobo, ngoko - omnye kakhulu kwilizwe lethu. Izinto eziluncedo imane mali esikhulu. Unakekelwa olululo kunye ngokukhetha lokuba zikhe ezi zilwanyana bangaba inzuzo kakhulu kwaye ohlawulayo.