Ezifo ukukhohlela ebantwaneni. Isikhohlela unyango kubantwana antibiotics

Ixesha njengomkhuhlane phantse njalo iqala nge khohlo. Oku iliphawu iindidi ngeendidi zezifo eliphezulu phecana zemiphunga. Kwakhona, oko nimqumbise isenzeko umthwalo kakhulu kwi kwingqula kunye noqhoqhoqho okanye kubanda kwiCEMIS.

Yintoni ukuba ntoni xa ukhohlela?

Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ingakumbi ethandwayo unyango lwe ukhohlokhohlo kunye antibiotics ebantwaneni. Ngawo le "umlingo" kuthetha abazali banethemba soyisa esi sifo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba antibiotics - asiyo "ipilisi yegolide" ukhohlokhohlo ebantwaneni nakulutsha. Kwimeko apho umntwana kwezifo wentsholongwane egazini (SARS, pharyngitis, tonsils), umonakalo ukuya kwingqula okanye noqhoqhoqho antibiotics ayiyi kunika naziphi na iziphumo.

Ukusuka oku, kunokwenziwa isigqibo ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezinjalo uyagwetyelwa kwaye isebenza kuphela xa ifakwe kakuhle ifomu microflora awuthobe yomoya abantwana. Ngoko ke, ukuze abone enoba okanye ukuba ukuthatha ezifo ekhohlela, kuyimfuneko ukuba udibane nogqirha.

Abazali abaninzi badla bakholelwa ukuba ezifo ekhohlela ebantwaneni buhlungu kuphela imizimba yazo. Kodwa ngaphandle machiza antibacterial aziyinyangi inyumoniya, isifo sephepha, kunye nezinye izifo ezintsonkothileyo. Kuphela ugqirha angakunika antibiotics ngokuchanekileyo, ukususela ulwamkelo leyo eza kwenza okulungileyo ngaphezu yingozi. Ngaphezu koko, ne unyango olufanelekileyo, kukuvela neziphumo ezingalunganga kwi ulwamkelo la mayeza cishe engekho.

ukuba nini?

Ezifo ukukhohlela ebantwaneni kusetyenziselwa ukulwa usulelo amagciwane. Kodwa, kube nafuthe iintsholongwane. Ukuba Ukhohlokhohlo elifana neli ubukho iimpawu ezifana impumlo esihambisayo, ukudinwa, ukutyhafa, intloko ebuhlungu nomqala obuhlungu, oko luphawu phambi kwale ntsholongwane. Yaba nguye lowo igalelo kuphuhliso sifo. Ukuze abangele kwisehlo sezifo viral ukukhohlela ezifana influenza, parainfluenza, usuleleko yokuphefumla syncytial nemasisi.

Ukuthatha antibiotics xa ari kunegalelo imbonakalo kunye nophuhliso olumandla iintlobo ezahlukeneyo komzimba, dysbiosis. Kodwa umgca ekuphulukenwe nalo mntwana akuxhomekekanga lifinyele.

Amisele imithi ekhohlela xa abantwana kufuneka babe kwimeko apho livela lwesifo wavusa:

• tracheitis;
• pneumonia;
• unepleurisy;
• tuberculosis;
• kwemigudu kunye nezinye izifo amagciwane zemiphunga.

Malunga nohlobo sisifo esosulela ngokudluliselwa kwentsholongwane aboniswe mpawu zilandelayo:

• fever iintsuku ezingaphezu kwe-3;
• leucocytes igazi ophakamileyo, ifomula leukocytic lwaye ekhohlo;
• neutrophilia;
• ubukho ukuphelelwa ngokukhawuleza ngumphefumlo;
• ubude khosi isifo.

Ukukhetha eyiyo ye ichiza

Ukuze balahle ukhohlokhohlo elide, kufuneka indlela ephilileyo. Ukuba bachonge microflora kwaye ukuba ukujonga uvakalelo iintsholongwane-arhente ezahlukeneyo antibacterial kufuneka benze inkcubeko yesikhohlela. Ngenxa yale hlalutyo luza kuba ukufumanisa ukuba zeziphi iimveliso ziya kuzuza; kulo mzekelo, kwaye oko akuyi kuba nafuthe phezu sifo, kwaye isikhohlela emva antibiotics aziyi kusebenza kulo mntwana.

Xa ixesha ngani

Kodwa ukwenza oku uhlahlelo kunye processing lweziphumo kuthatha ixesha. Kulo mzekelo, impilo yomntwana amahlwempu nayo kuguga kwaye ufuna amanyathelo afanelekileyo. Kulo mzekelo umntwana zintsholongwane kunye a ukukhohlela ngamandla esikhethwe empirically, kuthathelwa ingqalelo arhente causative senzeka.

Monotherapy libanzi-spectrum antibiotics

Eyona ndlela kakhulu kangangoko phandle kunjalo - monotherapy (usebenzisa iziyobisi omnye antibacterial). Kunqweneleka ukuba ube unabo, ukunqunyanyiswa okanye umgubo. Kuphela izifo kakhulu isitofu.

Ukuba akukho amathuba ixesha ukubona ugqirha, kunye nempilo yomntwana isiba mandundu (dyspnea ukwanda, zinetyhefu ezinxulumene lobushushu eliphezulu), kuyimfuneko ukuba athathe zintsholongwane evela ekhohlela owomileyo, ukuba ebanzi yomsebenzi. Ukuqala arhente antibacterial kule kunokwenzeka 'Amoksiklav "okanye" Augmentin ". Kwakhona, iziphumo ezakhayo amoxicillin nodibaniso sulbactam ( "Trifamoksa").

Indlela yokuphatha ukhohlokhohlo ebantwaneni kunye antibiotics?

Kuqala kwinto zonke, asimele silibale ukuba nokusebenzisa imithi kufuneka rhoqo. Kuphela kulo mzekelo baziqwebele emzimbeni kwaye iza kugcinwa kuyimfuneko yoxinaniso wenkqu esebenzayo, nto leyo eya kukhokelela kokufa iintsholongwane. Na xa isamkela i ukuncitshiswa rhoqo uyondelelwano lwee- olwa kwenzeka. unyango Loo nto ikhokelele ekubeni iziphumo ezincumisayo. Ngaphezu koko, oko kungakhokelela ekubeni uphuhliso uxhathiso kweli chiza.

Kwakhona, umntwana kufuneka qabu ixesha elifutshane. Xa ukhetho lasekunene zintsholongwane kuya kubakho iziphumo ezincumisayo (iphumile ukhohlokhohlo ezomileyo okanye ezimanzi, sinciphise iintlungu esifubeni, ukuphefumla kuba lula).

Ukuba emva kweeyure ezingama-48 akukho uphuculo, ichiza ayikho kumlungele na umntwana wakho. Kuyimfuneko ukuba indawo oko yenye zintsholongwane okanye indibanisela iziyobisi. Kodwa akukho mfuneko yokuba ukwandisa umthamo, akuyi kuyizisa ngenene akukho ziphumo.

Thatha imithi ekhohlela ebantwaneni kufuneka ixesha elide. Kwiimeko ezininzi ngethuba lokuqhutywa kwekhosi ziintsuku 5-7. Nokuba umntwana uziva elungileyo emva kweentsuku nje ezimbalwa, musa ukuyeka unyango, ngenxa yokuba kukho umngcipheko wokuba sifo ukubuyela.

Yintoni antibiotics ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukhohlokhohlo abantwana?

Ukulungiselela le njongo, basebenzise iziyobisi, eyona nto esebenzayo ephambili eyile:

• Penicillin, ekhoyo kwi "Amoksiklava", "Augmentin", "Flemoksin Solutab". Bona ziphantse lusoloko lusekelwe kwindawo yokuqala. Kuphela xa isicelo sabo engazisi yifuna, sebenzisa amanye amaqela iziyobisi;
• cephalosporin ezikhoyo "Tsefataksime", "cefuroxime". Ezi imithi ekhohlela ebantwaneni emiselwe ukuba kwezi nyanga 2-3 yokugqibela umntwana sele ethatha ezinye antibiotics. Kananjalo ezisetyenziswa kwimeko apho kungekho nayiphi na ukususela ulwamkelo penicillins.

Macrolides kunye Fluoroquinolones

Iklasi of macrolides ezi "Azitrotsitsin" "Sumamed". Oku amachiza asebenza phambi ukudumba kwisiqwenga sokuphefumla bomntwana.

Kunokuba limited kukusetyenziswa fluoroquinolones. Oku kungenxa yokuba le zintsholongwane xa ukhohlela ebantwaneni iphembelela kakhulu kuphuhliso intlala inyama kunye oluhlala emathanjeni.

Xa kungekho tyala akufuneki nganto ukuba self-ukunyanga umntwana. Ngenxa ngaphandle kokuba iimpawu ezicacileyo ze ukhethe antibiotics kuchaphazela yobudala yomntwana, iimeko usulelo. Kwezinye iimeko, ekhohlela ukuze bandiqumbise eziphilayo Nedlac (chlamydia, okanye mycoplasma). Kulo mzekelo kufuneka zibangelwa antibiotics ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo abantwana abosulelekileyo bekhohlela. Yintoni enokuthethwa kuphela ngugqirha.

inkqubo unyango olufanelekileyo linokukwenziwa kuphela ukuya kwagqirha. Kwangaxeshanye, ukongeza nemithi, ngokuqinisekileyo ukumisela ikhondo antihistamine. Emva kokuphela unyango kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo tirhisa yokuthintela dysbiosis. Ukuba ngexesha unyango aya engaboni kakuhle imeko yomntwana, kufuneka ngoko nangoko afune uncedo yeengcali.