Euphrosinia Kersnovskaya: engobomi, iifoto kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Euphrosinia Kersnovskaya - Umbhali, umzobi, mhlaba Bessarabian. Ibanjwa le Gulag, elubhacweni ngowe-1941 ukuya eSiberia ngebhaxa. 2200 Umbhali ngqangi amaphepha memoirs, lixhotyiswe 700 ngemizobo. Eli nqaku kwincwadi engobomi bomntu emfutshane mhlaba.

ebuntwaneni

Kersnovskaya Euphrosinia Antonovna wazalelwa Odessa 1908. Uyise wayesebenza igqwetha-criminologist. Frosya wakhula intombazana nokuthantamisa olucingisiswe lowo ungekabikho yenzekile War Civil. Ngowe-1919, onke amagqwetha bokumkani, kuquka uyise, babanjwa. Yena wasinda kuphela wasinda kubulawa. Ezinzulwini zobusuku ndavuswa clank usapho Kersnovskaya yomntu yahlaba inkomo ndinkqonkqoza neebhutsi. Bonke waba nguyise - ukuba basikelelwe icon ukhalela kukoyika nenkosikazi yakhe kunye nabantwana. Emva koko wathathwa ngoko nangoko.

Kamva Kersnovskaya waxelela intombi yakhe malunga ebusuku yoyikekayo. Bonke abo babanjwe kwisixeko yamagqwetha (yabantu 712) zasiwa mfiliba Odessa Cheka, waba phezu uCatherine Square. Isakhiwo yayibiyelwe ngocingo oluhlabayo. Abantu emhlabeni enengxolo, jostling. iinjini imoto lngaba isebenza ngaphandle muffler. Naphi na apho kwakukho baseLatvia and Chinese. Ukufika ezikhankanywe izintlu kunye sirhoxisiwe bengamaqela 2-4.

yokuwela

uyise kuqukunjelwa kungekudala, yaye Kersnovskaya intsapho yakowabo yafudukela Bessarabia (kuloo minyaka - yinxalenye Romania). Bahlala kwilifa usapho, ibekwe lali Tsepilova. Okunye Kersnovskaya zemizi ngowama-1917, ubaleka emka phambi amajoni.

Learning

Nangona care ngemihla, abazali sinikele ingqalelo eyaneleyo imfundo intombi yakhe. Euphrosinia Kersnovskaya wafumana imfundo esemagqabini. Girl wafaka bathanda iilwimi, ubugcisa, umculo kunye noncwadi. Emva kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo Frosya wagqiba ekubeni ahambe aye kwiikhosi lwezilwanyana yagqitywa ngempumelelo kubo. Ubomi atshintsha rhoqo, ngoko ke kwakufuneka ukuba bafumane izakhono luncedo.

umsebenzi

Uyise wayengenamdla wokufama. Bonke bawa phezu emagxeni Euphrosyne, singabakhonzi kunye nabasebenzi eqeshiweyo Kersnovskaya wayengekho. artist Future esebenza rhoqo entsimini, yokunyamekela iinkomo, yaye ngoku linene indlu. Ukongeza, le ntombazana kwafuneka ukungqina rhoqo abamelwane babo, ukuba kule iminyaka (engama-20), kulula ukumelana nayo yonke into.

On leendima 40 zomhlaba Kersnovskaya Euphrosinia ikhula ingqolowa neediliya. Kungekudala emva kokufa kukayise. Ukondla usapho lwakhe, kwakufuneka enze ukulinywa kweenkozo lwezinto kumazwe angaphandle kwakunye nokuhanjiswa. Kwaye kwiiyure ezinqabileyo lokuphola, yena wayethanda ukuya kunye noodade bakhe nomzala kunye nabazalwana elwandle okanye ihashe ukuzibambezela ekukhweleni.

ntsuku

Ngehlobo lowe-1940 Bessarabia yafakwa kwi eSoviet Union kunye uguqulwe i Moldavian SSR. Ngoko nangoko waqalisa ntsuku abaninzi. Frosya kunye nentsapho yakhe kukhutshwa endlwini nempahla athatha. Into yokugqibela wamkhumbula Kersnovskaya wobomi waseburhulumenteni - unina phezu evarandeni yayo indlu, a rasberries ngesihlungulo ukuba amadombolo kunye nokukhanya kwelanga xa yamahlamvu egadini.

Kungekudala neyento umalume wakhe Euphrosyne. Yena ngoko nangoko waya nentsapho yakhe eRomania. I Frosya efanayo kakhulu wahlala ekhaya, yaye ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko Umama wathunyelwa Bucharest. Oku kubonisa ngokucacileyo bobuthandazwe, kuba yena wayekwazi lula ukuya kwiinyanga zokuqala umsebenzi. Kodwa wagqiba ukwabelana intlungu kwabantu bakhe. Eso simo sengqondo ngokubhekisele kwilizwe lakhe aze abanike ukususela ebuntwaneni. Ngaphandle Kersnovskaya wayenethemba lokuba kungekudala zonke iingxaki ziya kuphela yaye kuya kuba lula ukuba babuyele ekhaya. Kodwa yena engalunganga.

test

Njengoko "lo mhlaba yangaphambili" Euphrosinia Kersnovskaya waba amalungelo yephule ngokupheleleyo. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo engqesho. Yena ngokulambisa sahlala umsebenzi yamaxesha kwifama lezikolo agronomic. Kwaye emva kokuba sonke kwafuneka ukuba kuqashwe abantu ezahlukeneyo kwaye musa ngokwenene umsebenzi yabafazi: wonqanyulwa iinkuni, incothulwe kwizikhondo. Zalo Frosya "isifundo ngabodwa evela kuluntu oluqhelekileyo", ngoko ke intombazana kwafuneka achithe ubusuku esitratweni. passport eSoviet yanikwa kuye phezu elandulela unyulo ngoJanuwari 1941. Emva kokuhlolisisa uluhlu lwabagqatswa, Kersnovskaya wawela yeendaba yonke. Wenza loo nto kuba yabona oko egameni lo mfazi 'imisebenzi' ngaphambi kokufika amandla Soviet njengonongogo.

Kungekudala ekhaya Euphrosynus ayihlasela loo NKVD, kodwa wayengekho apho. Yeva akukho tyala ngezenzo zakhe kwaye ningoyiki nto, ngoko ndaya iKGB ngokwayo. Akunakwenzeka ukuba athelekelele into eya kwenzeka kuye. Kwaye zinto zilandelayo zikhe zenzeka - Frosya elubhacweni eSiberia. Ukongeza, sathunyelwa, kunye nezinye Bessarabian.

link

Kodwa kwiimeko ezimaxongo eSiberia, igcisa elizayo Euphrosinia Kersnovskaya akazange afune ukubeka up sikweni. Wazama ukukhangela inyaniso yaye usoloko ukumela kwabaswele amandla. Elinye ibhinqa bazisola indoda endala engaziwayo yaye kwabelwane naye intwana iswekile. Ukuphendula, wacebisa ukuba kungekho ukwabelana kwaye musa zibonakalisa ubuthathaka babo. Ingcuka ukupakisha ezi abafi. Ngethamsanqa, Frosya Akazange awuthobele iingcebiso. Kule meko Ayibuyanga yaba njengesilwanyana wakwazi ukusinda.

Kanye kule ndawo babedlala amehlo akhe: abasebenza umfazi ukungena yawa ubuthathaka yaye wacela kumthetheli-kwinkampu ikhefu encinane. Waphendula ke yena lowo ukuba akakwazi ukusebenza, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba afe. Emva koko, intloko wajika waya Lodge. Euphrosyne itshayelwe ngumsindo. Yambamba izembe kunye wabaleka emva kwakhe ngenjongo ukumbulala. Embundwini womnyango wendlu umfazi wayeka kuba nje intloko waye ehleli phantsi ndawonye emva kwakhe kuye. Kersnovskaya waqonda - ukuba ugwayimbo ngoku, iya kuba akukho kwahluka kuye.

ukubaleka

Isohlwayo yayinzima - umfazi ngokupheleleyo evinjwa lwezabelo. Ngaloo ndlela Frosya abamiselwe ukuba ukufa kabuhlungu kwaye elide ngenxa yendlala. S nto ukwenza kodwa balekani. Ekubeni siphila kwiimeko ngokungenabuntu Kersnovskaya nangoku ukubeka up, kodwa bafe ngathi isilwanyana ongafanele kuye. Kuwuyeka lo mfazi kwafuneka iphumele hlathi enesiqingatha ophosa. Kwixesha elizayo, imiba emininzi yale "uhambo" ziza kuboniswa kule manani, epapashwe icwecwe osihloko sithi "Paintings Rock" (Euphrosinia Kersnovskaya uzishicilele ngo-1991).

isigwebo entsha

Kodwa ukuphela kwayo konke lilize. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva Frosya wabanjwa ezilalini apho abhadu ngaphandle hlathi, waza wagwetyelwa isohlwayo eyinkunzi. Ngemibuzo, isandisi-lizwi kwafika ubuntwana eziqhelekileyo Kersnovskaya Tchaikovsky Italian Capriccio. Phambi kwamehlo abafazi rose emyezweni, ikhaya, unina noyise ehleli esitulweni gungqa. iinkumbulo sentuthumbo, athi mandundu kakhulu emzimbeni. Emva kokuba isigwebo ijaji wacebisa isicelo Euphrosynus ukuba uxolo, kodwa wala. Noko ke, Kersnovskaya endaweni isohlwayo sokufa kunye kwiminyaka emihlanu elubhacweni kunye neminyaka elishumi kwiinkampu. Ngowe-1944, ukuze bongeze osikiweyo eminye iminyaka 10 "counter-revolution ubuxoki." Frosya wafumana iwonga njengebanjwa incorrigible, yaye ezi eziqulathwe kuphela enqabeni imo oluphuculweyo (Bur).

ukukhululwa

Iimeko kwakukho nje ngokungenabuntu. Kersnovskaya musa nje ukuba nime imini yonke zihlangu phantsi ilitye ukuba yome iimpahla ndahlamba. Sindisiwe Frosya camp oogqirha. Baye benza ukuguqulelwa umbhali elizayo kwiyunithi zonyango. Kwiminyaka emibini, Heroine kweli nqaku Wasebenza umongikazi kwikliniki, kunye nonyaka - kule ezigcinwa kuyo. Emva Kersnovskaya ezifunekayo ekucaciseni ibe kwizikhondo. Apho, wayenethemba ukufumana inkululeko ngaphakathi, ngenxa yokuba, ngokutsho kwakhe, "i iindlavini musa ukuya emathunjini omhlaba." Ngoko Norilsk waba ibhinqa lokuqala - wasemgodini. Ngowe-1957 Euphrosinia ekugqibeleni yabuya, kodwa waqhubeka ukusebenza apho.

Kungekudala ngummi ngokupheleleyo-epheleleyo incoko Kersnovskaya wafumana ikhefu waza wenza iphupha lakhe alithandayo. Umfazi waya lweenkobe Tsepilova yakhe ingcwaba kayise. Apho Lalilindele umyalezo nice - nomhlobo omdala waxelela umama wakhe ukuba nangoku uhlala eRomania, kwaye Ndanika intetho yayo.

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

Emva umhlala Euphrosinia Kersnovskaya yathengwa endlwini endala Yessentuki kunye igadi. Ngoko nangoko ukuya kumama wam, nto leyo ezahlulwe iminyaka engama-20. Kwiminyaka elandelayo Frosya wamnyamekela yakhe, sathetha okuninzi malunga iziganeko abanamava. Kodwa imihlambi unina, yena cwaka malunga zoyikekayo kweminquba. Kuphela emva kokufa kwakhe, yena wabhala amaphepha 2200 of memoirs. Kwakhona, lo mfazi wakha 700 imizekeliso.

1994 - yiloo nyaka owafayo Euphrosinia Kersnovskaya. umbhali wencwadi kwaphuma kakhulu ebomini bakhe. Ngowe-1982, le memoirs kusasazwa ngokusebenzisa samizdat, kwaye ngo-1990 - yapapasha "Explorer" kunye ulindixesha Soviet "Banner" yaye "Yathetheka" kwiphephandaba yaseBritani. Kwakhona ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi Kersnovskaya wafumana kwimo ngokupheleleyo.

Kutheni abantu bemfazwe elidlulileyo okanye inkampu, banikwa ukuphila ixesha elide kangaka? Mhlawumbi, ukuze ukuba umlibale amava omncinane uthathe ikhefu kulo? Mhlambe! ubomi Evfrosinii Antonovny ibonisa ukuba wasinda ukuxelela izizukulwana ezizayo ngezilingo yawa isabelo sakhe, aze abafundise isibindi. Lo mfazi akazange aphambuke imigaqo bakhe waza waba soloko kukho umntu!

anika umdla

• Euphrosinia Kersnovskaya, ogama engobomi okuchazwe ngasentla, eyaziwa kakuhle Italian, iSpanish kunye IsiNgesi. Kwakhona, umyalelo kakuhle umzobi German, isiRomania yaye wathetha isiFrentshi ngokugqibeleleyo.
• Ukuya ukunxibelelanisa Kersnovskaya akazange azise nayiphi na impahla ebusika, ndicinga ukuba yonke into aya kuthenga le ndawo. Kodwa kwiivenkile zaseSiberia phantse nto yokuthengisa. Yaye abathinjwa zikwazi ukuthenga iimveliso kuphela imvume kwabasemagunyeni. Ngenxa yoko, Euphrosyne wayevunyelwa ukuba athenge ibhatyi kunye neebhutsi, kodwa xa kwafika kuneqabaka degree-amane.
• Disemba 3, 1941 Kersnovskaya, ngoxa ekuthinjweni, kwintlanganiso iklabhu apho Khokhrin umhlohli waxelela indlela US kunceda USSR. Wabuza isithethi, kunokuba ekwancothulwa nokuba ngenxa Melika ningazani Japan (yena wayethetha i-Anti-Comintern Pact). Kuphela emva kweenyanga ezininzi Euphrosinia Kersnovskaya bafunda ukuba Khokhrin wabhala phezu ityala lakhe, ucinga umbuzo, "intlebendwane lobunqambi nxamnye lizwe Asian uxolo." iintsuku ezintlanu emva kweso siganeko, iJapan ihlasele Pearl Harbor.
• Bambalwa ukuba Kersnovskaya waba umzalwana omdala ogama Anton. Wemka waya eYurophu phakathi ku-1920, ukuba bafumane imfundo. Ekugqibeleni, Anton wayehlala eParis yaye bafumana umsebenzi, "le mbali yomkhosi." Ngowe-1940, ngokunxulumene ukuqhambuka kwemfazwe, awathunyelwa umkhosi French. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva weza Euphrosynus isaziso ukufa. Enyanisweni, Anton wafa, waza eneentlungu ezinkulu. Uya kufa kuphela ngo-1944 ukususela TB. ngokukhawuleza imisebenzi yakhe kunye namanqaku ngembali yomkhosi Russian ziya kufumana ingqalelo ngamazwe. Kodwa Russia ke shicilela kuphela emva kokuwa USSR.
• Blogs Heroine yeli nqaku lususiwe bhanya ezimbini-ubude, "Evfrosiniya Kersnovskaya. Life "(V. Meletin) kunye" Album "(G. Ilugdin).