Duct Thoracic: nokwakheka. Le nkqubo emithanjeni. imikhumbi emithanjeni

Xa abantu, kukho iintlobo ezintathu kwimikhumbi. Ngamnye kubo ezisebenza umsebenzi obalulekileyo. Ezi ziquka imithambo, imithambo yegazi kunye neempahla emithanjeni. Zonke ngokuseka ibekwe wonke umzimba. iimpahla lwemithambo kunye emithanjeni ukuqokelela ulwelo ukubunjwa ngalinye zomzimba. Ngophuhliso nezithintelo kukho Kukwaphula ebonakalayo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba nencindi eziphilayo ulwelo rhoqo wenziwe.

Oku- thoracic nkovu - yintoni na le umzimba?

Njengoko yaziwa, ukuyilwa nkovu ezinxulumene amalungu omzimba. Kubaluleke kakhulu, ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo luxhomekeke kubuchule ukulwa arhente ezahlukeneyo ezosulelayo. Enye amalungu inkulu kwenkqubo uthathwa ukuba baqhube thoracic. ubude bayo isusela ukusuka 30 ukuya kuma-40 cm Eyona njongo iphambili yalo mzimba -. Ingaba ukuqokelelwa nkovu zonke izakhiwo yokwakheka.

Ngokutsho isakhiwo histological we bile thoracic lufana esikule lwemithambo. kumphezulu wayo engaphakathi igcwele endothelium (njengokuba ezinye izinto). Njengenxalenye yale laphu nayo iye imicu elastic collagen. Xa iqokobhe ngaphakathi ezi kwemithambo kwemali. Ngoncedo lwabo, nkovu enambuzelayo phezulu. Umaleko eliphakathi siqulathe thoracic nokuziphatha kakuhle ijwabu kwezihlunu. Ngoko ke, isandi igcinwe babathwalela ngaphandle emzimbeni unciphiso. duct Ngaphandle ibandakanya kwimicu zeethishu nokuqina. Kwinqanaba kodonga yomzimba beso sikhula.

Ubume yenkqubo emithanjeni

Inkqubo emithanjeni lidlala indima ebalulekileyo emzimbeni. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukukhuselwa izinto eziyingozi. duct Thoracic, kwakunye iimpahla kunye iindawo ezi amalungu kwamajoni omzimba. Ngoko ke, kuphuhliso ukudumba, ngokuseka kuqala ukusebenza kwi onesingqisho. Ukongeza, amalungu emithanjeni ezinento yokwenza nemithambo yegazi. Enkosi kubo izondlo kungena egazini. Le nkqubo uchazwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. emithanjeni emithanjeni. Xa ekwakheni ezi zakhiwo ezifana emithanjeni, ngaphandle kweendonga zawo thinner. Le emithanjeni ziyafumaneka yelungu ngalinye kwaye enze womnatha. Bona lingena fluid Embi, ngokunjalo zonke iiprothini eziyimfuneko kunye namafutha.
2. Zamanzi. Bona zibekwe kufutshane yelungu ngalinye imithambo yegazi. Kwiindawo nkovu ohlambululayo kwenzeka - lokuhluza. izinto ezinobungozi kunye ityhefu ke inactivated. Nodes ujonge amalungu omzimba, njengoko ziveliswa lymphocyte. Ezi seli ziyafuneka ukuba ulwe izifo.
3. imikhumbi emithanjeni. Bona ukuxhuma emithanjeni neendawo ezihambelanayo. iimpahla Ezinye wayalela kumaqumrhu ezinkulu - imibhobho. Kukho okongezeleke inani elikhulu nkovu eziqokelelwe zonke ii-arhente. Waza wenza processing yayo, emva koko iwela kwinkqubo lwemithambo. duct Thoracic eqokelela ulwelo ukusuka ekhohlo emzimbeni Imintla kunye nezibilini.
4. Spleen. Yenza umsebenzi yokothula igazi.
5. Le duct ilungelo emithanjeni. Kuyo izakuba ulwelo kwizakhiwo ayesele yokwakheka. Phakathi kwabo - le nemilenze ekunene, isiqingatha intloko kunye nentamo.
6. Thymus ndlala - thymus. Eli lungu iqulunqwa kakuhle ebantwaneni. Kuyo kukho ukuyilwa omzimba - T-lymphocyte.
7. Tonsils.
8. Nkovu - cerebrospinal ukuba ajikeleze ngazo iimpahla kunye komboko, angena imibhobho.

Zonke ezi namabandla izinto ezihambelanayo. Kwimeko umonakalo omnye kwezahlulo inkqubo emithanjeni ukuphazamiseka kuchaphazela kunye nezinye iinxalenye zayo candelo. Ngenxa yoko, ukunyhashwa kwenzeka okoko umzimba.

Ikhosi ziphatha thoracic: nokwakheka

Xa ekubunjweni duct thoracic inxaxheba asekhohlo nasekunene empontshwa nkovu buti. Oko kukuthi, umzimba senziwa kwisithuba retroperitoneal. Apho duct thoracic iqala apho uwe? Komboko ekhohlo nasekunene ziyadityaniswa omnye nomnye kwinqanaba phakathi yokugqibela (12) kunye 2 ibele empontshwa vertebra. Abanye abantu duct thoracic uthululela isikhongozeli kunjalo 1-3. Oku komboko isisu, efferent iindawo nkovu le mesentery.

Kwinqanaba ukuhamba uvalo yahlulwe-2 - esiswini kunye thoracic. Uthungelwano lokuqala ukhandwa mesenteric, celiac kunye empontshwa nkovu ezalathelwe. Kwiimeko ezininzi, inxalenye ventral we bile unalo cone-ezimile (ampullate) ulwandiso - itanki. Oku izakhiwo yokwakheka eqhagamshelwe umlenze lasekunene uvalo. Ngenxa oku sakudala nkovu utyhalelwa phezulu.

Inxalenye thoracic we bile iqala orifice aortic ise-uvalo. Ekufikeni kwabo isitya vertebra 3-5 kuphambuka ukuya kwicala lasekhohlo. Ekuhambeni lokuhamba ukuwa bronhomediastinalny, jugular kunye zemithi nkovu subclavian. Baya kuqokelela fluid esandleni inxalenye lasekhohlo esifubeni sakho, intamo, nentloko. Kwinqanaba isitya 7 vertebra wakha arc. Emva koko duct thoracic ungena kulo engile lwemithambo ekhohlo. Xa umlomo isikhongozeli unalo vana. Kuyimfuneko ukuthintela ukulahlwa igazi ukusuka kwinkqubo lwemithambo.

Indawo emithanjeni oku- thoracic

Kwendawo ziphatha thoracic - na indawo umzimba ngokunxulumene nezinye izakhiwo yokwakheka. inxalenye besisu yale nqanawa enkulu osemva kuvuleke iminxunya naphambi kwikholam spinal. Zingene lweHo- esifubeni, bile ongena mediastinum ngomva. Apho ke phakathi aorta kunye azygos emthanjeni. E 2-3 omqolo flow thoracic bephuma kuvuleke iminxunya kwaye ayanyuka ngasentla.

Phambi kwalo kukho: subclavian eVienna, Umthambo carotid eziqhelekileyo yaye loo luvo vagus. Ngenxa yoko, umzimba kwi mediastinum eliphezulu. Ukuya ekhohlo flow na pleura, ngasemva - yomqolo, kwaye ngasekunene - emphinjeni. duct arc thoracic luqokelelane kwinqanaba nemithambo - Kusenjalo jugular kunye Umthambo carotid eqhelekileyo. Uya phakathi kwawo pleural, yaye ke iya emlonyeni. Kukho umzimba luwele engile lwemithambo ekhohlo.

Imisebenzi ziphatha thoracic

duct Thoracic yenza le misebenzi ilandelayo:

1. Eyona njongo iphambili yalo mzimba - oqokelela ulwelo Embi evela izibilini nesiqingatha lasekhohlo umzimba.
2. Ukutshintshelwa neeproteni kubalulekile kwinkqubo lwemithambo.
3. Kule lymphatics wamathumbu ingangena namafutha. Emva koko faka egazini.
4. Yokuhluza nkovu. Iindawo kunye nemijelo le ulwelo icocwe kwezinto eziyingozi.
5. Ukwenziwa B-lymphocyte, enza umsebenzi sokhuselo lomzimba.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba duct thoracic akakwazi ukwenza ngokuzimeleyo. imisebenzi yayo yenziwa kwi umsebenzi kakuhle nelungelelanisiweyo zonke iinxalenye yamajoni omzimba.

Indawo leenqanawa emithanjeni emzimbeni

Ngokusekelwe mhaka ukuba akhe indlela ezakhiwe ziphatha thoracic, sinako ukuqonda apho zikhoyo iimpahla. Bona ibekwe wonke umzimba. Nkovu nemithambo plexus Sukani zonke izakhiwo yokwakheka. Okulandelayo, baya ecaleni imithambo yegazi. Kufutshane yelungu ngalinye kukho amaqela nodes nkovu. ulwelo Bona eziphilayo ahlanganiswe omzimba. Node kwakheka iimpahla efferent kwiidreyini komboko nkovu. Kwelinye icala, ezi zakhiwo bahlanganisane ukuze ekunene kunye duct thoracic. Ngaphezu koko kukho ambaxa imithambo emithanjeni negazi.

Ekubulaleni duct thoracic: Iimpawu

Kuxhomekeka izinga lokuhamba nkovu ibonakala ibonwa clinical. Le umzimba eka izakhiwo ezibalulekileyo yokwakheka, ngoko ukwenzakala ukuba inqanawa kufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza yotyando. Phantsi sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi kwakhona echazwe bile ukuvaleka okanye ukudumba udonga yayo. Ezi mpawu zilandelayo zenzeke:

1. ubuhlungu kwezihlunu kunye nobuthathaka.
2. Neuralgia.
3. nokuphazamiseka yeZiko ukusebenza amathumbu, isisu kunye kuvuleke iminxunya.
4. Ukwehla kobunzima bomzimba, phezu koko, ukwanda ubunzima.
5. izifo yokukrala eliphezulu nokuphefumla phecana kunye nobuchopho nemisipha.
6. disorder metabolic.
7. Pathology Cutaneous.
8. Hair ilahleko kwicala abachaphazelekayo.
9. Arrhythmia.

Izifo iinqanawa nkovu kunye ezalathelwe uphuhliso: isifo

Xa izifo ukudumba, neempahla emithanjeni neendawo bandile ubukhulu. Isenokuba sigcinwe hyperemia kunye nokwanda lobushushu yasekuhlaleni. Nodes baba Ngokucofa luthe zimakishwe ubuhlungu. Ukuba urhanela ukuba iinkqubo umhlaza ezi zivamvo nkovu biopsy kunye nohlalutyo histological. Kwakhona inkqubo yoxilongo lwezilwanya ziquka ultrasound, Itomography ngekhompyutha.

Apho ugqirha ucele bethengisa isifo duct thoracic?

Nezifo rhoqo yokukrala phecana yokuphefumla, ulusu, izihlunu kunye intercostal luvo kufuneka udibane nogqirha. Ukuhlola ngezifo we bile thoracic, ungasebenzisa lymphography uphando olulodwa. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba yokukrala okanye inkqubo oncologic kufuneka uqhagamshelane GP yakho, ngubani na oya phambili kudwelisa ugqirha (zizifo, Oncology, therapist emzimbeni).