Dolmabahçe Palace e Istanbul

Dolmabahçe Palace e Istanbul - isakhiwo elimangalisayo ukuba zinokuhonjiswa a Bosphorus yinzwakazi. Lo ngumzekelo omhle ubume imbonakalo yakhe iphela ibonisa abakhenkethi kufuneka lubonakale njenge ibhotwe. Yonke into ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo kuba eziphambili, ekwafanekisa le igama. igama Turkish "Dolmabahçe" lithetha "kuhluthiswa emyezweni." Enyanisweni, eli bhotwe layo Luxury oriental nobutyebi yaseYurophu.

Abakhenkethi umbuzo wokuqala kuvela, xa Istanbul: indlela ukuya Dolmabahce Palace? abahambi Practice watyelela zikhenkethe ekhokelwa, ibonisa ukuba kube lula. Icala ebhotwe ukuhamba ngesantya minh T1. Angayeka yokugqibela bakhe ngokuba "Kabatas". Ukusuka indlela yakhe nezikhokelela mosque, apho umntu akakwazi ukubona. Ngoko ke sele ukubona yamasango enqaba elunge. Abanye abantu bakhetha ukuba ahambe ngeenqanawa mikhombe pier "Kabatas".

Kukho omnye khetho indlela ukufika Dolmabahce Palace. Ukusuka Taksim Square, ahambe aneziporo, nayo leyo inesistophu "Kabatas". Oko kukuthi, abakhenkethi kucacile ukuba, kungakhathaliseki indlela ekhethiweyo, lo sokugcina - stop okanye pier "Kabatas".

History of the ibhotwe

Bay Area, eyasetyenziswa Navy ebudeni bolawulo Ahmed wajika waya egadini. Kule ndawo, wakha uqoqo Beşiktaş. Ngenxa yemililo rhoqo, waba ukubonakala esihle.

Kwiinkulungwane ezimbini kamva, indawo satshatyalaliswa Besiktas 31 Ottoman Sultan Abdul-Majid ukhetha ukwakha ebhotwe elikhulu. izicwangciso walo wawuquka ekufudukeleni karhulumente ukususela Topkapi Palace, nto leyo ke yokuhlala komlawuli ngexesha iinkulungwane ezine zonke. UMzalwan 'Abdul-Majid Abdulaziz waba ngumlawuli yesibini, owayehlala kule ebhotwe. Sultan Abdul Hamid II umkile kuye waza wabaleka ngaphandle ebhotweni Ottoman Yıldız. Usapho komlawuli wabuyela Dolmabahce Ibhotwe e Istanbul ebudeni bolawulo Mehmed V (1909-1918 gg.). Kulapha yokugqibela Ottoman Sultan Mehmed VI wathunyelwa Paris. Esi siganeko kwakhokelwa ukupheliswa i Sultanate ngo-1921 yi-National Assembly of Turkey. Halif Abdul-Mejit Effendi wahlala kwibhotwe de caliphate zange bungaqotywa ngo-1924. Ezinye mizobo yakhe nangoku ayivathise iindonga izakhiwo nenqwaba namhlanje.

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk waba ngumongameli wokuqala Turkish Republic. Wathatha iindwendwe angaphandle kwi-Dolmabahce Palace ngexesha kuhambo lwakhe Istanbul. Phakathi-1927 no-1949 ke isetyenziswe njenge-ofisi kaMongameli kunye yokuhlala le ndawo entsha. Ngowe-1952, umsebenzi wokulungisa yagqitywa komkhulu. Emva koko, lo ebhotweni umthunyelwa मेसेजिंग Ottoman - Dolmabahce Palace - imyuziyam.

Ukusukela ngoSeptemba 2007, oko likwaneklinkhi yokuhlala ezisemthethweni iNkulumbuso. Ngomhla kwintsimi namhlanje kunokwenzeka ukufumana ngendlela yesango ubuncwane. kwi ngooLwezibini emva kwemini ehlotyeni kwibhotwe eyadlalwa band emkhosini.

ukwakheka

Ngokungafaniyo ngendlela yokwenene Ottoman yobomi ebhotweni Topkapi, umbusi kunye nendlela intsapho yakhe yobomi kwinkulungwane elandelayo Europe lwabonakala enezakhiwo eyakhelwe. indawo yokuhlala yeendleko laliphezulu kakhulu. Ukwakhiwa waqala ngo-1843 yi-wezakhiwo Balian Karapet yaye yagqitywa ngunyana wakhe Balian Nigogosom ngo ngo1856. usapho Balyan Armenian zaye eyaziwa ngokuba yaka bezakhiwo Ottoman emva kwexesha.

isakhiwo isakhiwo ikwazile ukugcina lomelele. yonke Isakhiwo lugubungela kommandla 110 thous. M ^2. On nommandla wayo kusetyenziswa styles mixed bokwakha: yobuciko, yokuhlobisa kunye zeniyo-weklasiki, nayo leyo ibonakalisa zemveli indlela Ottoman yobomi. Ubume ezinemigangatho emithathu, kuquka kwigumbi elingaphantsi, uye amasango ezimbini eziphambili kunye namasango ezintlanu elibheke.

Photo Dolmabahce Palace lizisa ephakamileyo kancinci. Idume ukuba kuyilo layo macala kunye lokubhalela. iiholo ozothileyo kunye nenkumbula kwesakhiwo zinezitiya zabucala nangasemva, ikhuselwe ziindonga eziphakamileyo.

sesigodlo

Sesigodlo iquka iqela kwezakhiwo kunye abangabancedani ebhotwe onodonga yangaphakathi ecaleni kwini, apho ubude ngu-700 m. Enye yezi zakhiwo kuba ngumnquba iglasi ejongene esitratweni. Ekuqaleni, oko eyasetyenziswa umthunyelwa मेसेजिंग ukubona kwimiju- zomkhosi kunye nezifundo zabo. Hall yasebenza njengoko 'iliso' lendlu yenkosi ukuba ukubukela ihlabathi ngaphandle.

Kukho kwakhona gallery encinane, eyakhiwa ngenkulungwane XIX iintaka Sultan. Ngokwahlukeneyo, kukho izityalo nursery, amakhitshi ezincinane, amagumbi kunye studio abaziintloko iikhaphethi lithenwa.

amasango Treasury (Hazin Kapi) kunye Imperial Gate (Sultanate Kapi) yeyona yokungena kwisakhiwo solawulo. Ngaselunxwemeni kukho amasango ezintlanu ukuhlangabezana ukufika ngenqanawa. yokungena abakhenkethi ebhotwe okufuphi iwashi inqaba Beje.

Ngaphakathi komkhulu, abakhenkethi ungabona kunye sisikhokelo. Zalisa utyelelo ebhotwe kuthatha malunga neeyure ezi-2. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha abahambi asazi yonke kwimbali Dolmabahce Palace. Kwakhona kuba nako ukubona zonke izinto. NgeMivulo nangoLwesine, iingcango zavalwa ezintsonkothileyo. Hours Dolmabahçe Palace ngezinye iintsuku zeveki ukususela 9.00 ukuya 16,00.

Palace Museum

Esi sakhiwo onomtsalane iliso ibandakanya amagumbi 285, amagumbi amancinane 44, amagumbi ezinkulu 4, 5 izinyuko eziphambili kunye zangasese 68. Le ndawo iyonke ezisebenzisekayo yesakhiwo esinemigangatho emithathu ngu 45 lamawaka. ^M2. Iindonga zangaphandle ezenziwe zokwakha ilitye, kwaye zangaphakathi - wezitena. Ukuhombisa esi sakhiwo engaqhelekanga kwaye ezinkulu kwathabatha iitoni 14 zegolide, iitoni ezingama-6 zesilivere kunye neeyunithi 131 ka-iikhaphethi ezenziwe isilika. Ifenitshala kunye nezinto zokuhombisa zisuka eYurophu phantsi kobunkokheli Ambassador France Ahmed Fethi Pass. Umzekelo, Sevres zitsha, isilika evela Lyon, kwakheka ka Bakarata kunye kwiziphatho evela UK, iglasi evela Venice, kunye neendawo ezivela eJamani.

Kwibhotwe kukho yingqokelela ngokubanzi Czech, IsiNgesi kunye negilasi yelo kunye nomkhenkce. Le myuziyam ezingaphezulu kwama-1000 izitulo nezingqengqelo e izimbo ezahlukeneyo zisuka eYurophu. Ngalinye amagumbi 285 ezixabisa ilindle 4 sofas. Ezinye impahla yasendlini ethunywe ngokukodwa ngenxa Dolmabahçe. Abanye zafunyanwa njengezipho ezivela China, India neYiputa. Ezi iiseti zefanitshala kuboniswa kwigumbi ahombise iisilingi iziyolo waziqaba kunye nemigangatho zomthi, mahogany. Ukufudumeza indlu ekuqaleni wenziwe ngoncedo tiles yodongwe kunye maziko. Kamva (phakathi kwe-1910 no-1912), iinkqubo zokufudumeza sombane kunye central kwamanye amalwimi ezifakiweyo.

yingxenye Administrative

Inomtsalane kubakhenkethi i Dolmabahce Palace Museum, equka zizahlulo ezithathu eziphambili: i zokuhlala State, iiholo Imikhosi kunye yabafazi. Kwesi sakhiwo okokuqala kwi sakhiwo yagqabhuka iihafu inkunzi nemazi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i uhambo ebhotwe iquka iinxalenye ezimbini. abakhenkethi lokuqala ukutyelela Selamlik - iphiko loluntu, ze emva koko - yabafazi. Inxalenye yolawulo komkhulu igumbi "yiya" ecaleni konxweme. On imigangatho ezimbini kukho iiholo ezine eziphambili, eziqhagamshelene ngezinyuko enkulu embindini.

Emva edlula Imfihlelo Garden kwiholo enkulu wamasiko kumgangatho wokuqala, iindwendwe abakwazi ukumelana ubungangamsha lwemenu. Enye yezi crystal Bohemian elikhulu chandelier lamp Baccarat 464. ubunzima bayo ngu-4.5 m. Phambi kokuba kwezixhobo zombane isibane ebhotwe luphembelela kunye igesi yendalo. Chandelier - isipho esivela Queen Victoria. Ke uThixo amajukujuku, nto leyo iqhotyoshelwe chandelier ngokwayo, kukho ukuphakama 36 m. I Dolmabahce Palace yi ukuqokelelwa mkhulu yikristale izibane ehlabathini.

Kwiholo nazo ulingana ivazi eyenziweyo Sèvres. Kukho zokubasa ezine yodongwe, omnye kwikona nganye. Ngaphezu kubo hang ziikristale ezibonisa imibala eyahlukileyo zonke ilixa lemini. Kuba kwiholo uhombiso kunye entofontofo yatsala iingcali isiFrentshi kwaye Italian. Ezinye ifanitshala ingeniswe evela phesheya, enye inxalenye inkosi izakwenziwa ndawo.

igumbi umabhalane

Ecaleni neMisitho kwi Dolmabahce Palace yi Bosphorus yenye iholo umxhelo - Clerk. Libizwa ngokuba egumbini looNobhala okanye yangasese ceramic.

Kule gumbi kukho umfanekiso omkhulu komkhulu, yabhalwa ngo-1873 yi-Italian Stefano Ussi orientalist. Ibonisa abantu abahamba eMecca e Istanbul. Lo mfanekiso kwakunikelwa yi umlawuli waseYiputa, Ismail Pasha, Sultan Abdulaziz. Ismail Pasha wadibana Ussi ngelixa kuvulwa Suez Canal ngo-1869 waza wamnika umsebenzi. Ukongeza kuye kwibhotwe izindlu ingqokelela mizobo yi Aivazovsky. Wabhala nabo Istanbul xa kukho nje opeyintayo enkundleni. Apha agcinwe lubaluleke kakhulu zitsha imveliso yephondo.

Le ezingaphakathi omkhulu embindini crystal ebizwa ngokuba Imperial. Idibanisa kumgangatho wesibini. Wenza kuyiwa kwi yobuciko yaye yenzelwe Nigogosom Balian. Iziyolo, izindlu, nabo bubonisa indlela yemveli Ottoman. Its ziikristale ukusetyenziswa kuyilo Baccarat. Namagumbi macala kunye Ilula ihonjiswe ezingqonge ngezinyuko entsonkothe ngayo.

iholo koonozakuzaku

Amagumbi kunazo yasebhotwe - Hall Syufera. Kwakhona ngokuba ofisi. Yena iholo ebomvu enxulumene ezazisetyenziselwa iintlanganiso ngamazwe kunye oonozakuzaku kunye iindwalutho eziphuma kwamanye amazwe. Eli gumbi symmetrically yenzelwe kwaye ihonjiswe.

Kwiholo yeyona chandelier yesibini ngobukhulu Dolmabahce Palace. Museums zehlabathi musa nokuba azazi imizekelo zonyango. iingcango yayo emide kakhulu, nezipili kunye maziko ziyavumelana egqibeleleyo kunye isilingi ubuncwane zinokuhonjiswa. amagumbi Hall of Abameli, yaye ezincinane ibisetyenziselwa ulwamkelo kunye ukonwabisa iindwendwe kwamanye amazwe.

Ekuqundanwa Umgangatho we Hereke, yaye indawo yayo iye 120 m ^2. Igumbi Red umthunyelwa मेसेजिंग kusetyenziswa ukufumana izigidimi. Igumbi igama for umbala olongamileyo kwamalengalenga, nayo leyo umbala ngamandla. izacholo Gold kunye nempahla zibomvu kunye nobomvu tyheli, kunye netafile kweli ziko kwenza impembelelo enamandla kakhulu. akukho iindonga kuye kwakhiwa gumbi. Yena ihonjiswe nokucacisa ezineendaba yenene Istanbul. Columns zifihlwe emva iikhethini, kunye neefestile ezinkulu elijonge Bosphorus.

indawo yabafazi kumzi wama-Islam

Le yokuhlala ubunjwe amagumbi obutofotofo, ugubungela phantse esithathwini-of Dolmabahce Palace - yabafazi. Le ifoto ingezantsi ibonisa Room Blue. Kwinxalenye esempuma yendlu yabafazi L-ezimilise kwi chibi ababehlala layo wabucala Sultan, unina (Walid Sultan) kunye nosapho ngqo (yabafazi-i-Hummayn). Le igumbi phezu esitratweni kukhona "ezazithandwa" kunye namaqadi. Ngokutsho yokuyilwa ngobugcisa, le nxalenye ebhotwe senziwe isimbo Neo-ezimbejembeje. It is Zazihonjiswe mibala Turkish yaseYurophu zemveli. Dlo ixabisa kungekhona kwindawo eyahlukileyo, kwaye elidityaniswe Selamlikom neGauteng elide. Le ngaphakathi izakhiwo zincinane kakhulu kwiindidi iziyolo Selamlika. Le nxalenye umdla yendlu yabafazi - Room Blue (Salon mavi) kunye Rose Hall (Salon Pemba). Kwakhona, ingqalelo abakhenkethi ezitsalwa Sultan Apartments Sultan Abdulaziz, Sultan Mehmeda Reshada kunye Ataturk. Igumbi Blue abizwa ngenxa umbala ifanitshala kunye amalengalenga. Ngexesha iziganeko zonqulo umthunyelwa मेसेजिंग wavuma ethwele ngaphandle leeholide kwezi ngenxa kubahlali yabafazi kunye namanye amagosa ebhotwe. Rose Hall kwakhona igama ngenxa umbala iindonga. iiwindow indiva Bosphorus. Ngoko ke, loo nto ithathwa enye kwiiholo ngopfu komkhulu. Kuyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo unina Sultan (Sultan Walid) wathabatha iindwendwe. Ataturk kananjalo wasebenzisa eli gumbi ukuphonononga kunye incoko.

Worth ukubona, ukuba e Istanbul, kwibhotwe ehlotyeni Beylerbeyi. Le yokuhlala eyalwa Ottoman Sultan Abdulaziz. Beylerbeyi - okumnandi, izityebi, yokuhlala komlawuli kunye osendleleni ndlwana engundoqo. Xa isakhiwo kukho amagumbi ubunewunewu, ihonjiswe kunye neendawo crystal Bohemian kunye zitsha Chinese. Sigodlo isoloko isetyenziswa indlu yeendwendwe ezityeleleyo iintsapho asebukhosini zinkulu.

Mosque kunye Museum of Clocks

Eyakhiwe yi Sultan lokukhonzela komlawuli ibekwe kwi emazantsi kwi leqela le Dolmabahçe Ibhotwe e Istanbul. Kwifoto ngezantsi nembono phesheya Bosphorus. Ukwakhiwa lwaqhutywa phakathi 1853 no-1855 yi-wezakhiwo Nigogosom Balian. Umhombiso isakhiwo bobabo isimbo ezimbejembeje. Le lokukhonzela yayisetyenziswa njengendawo imyuziyam yomkhosi wamanzi kwixesha ukususela ngo-1948 ukuya 1962. Emva kokuba kokubuyiselwa ngo-1966, kuye kwavulwa ukuba abatyeleli. isakhiwo mosque ithe ukubuyiselwa ebanzi ngo-2007.

ukhenketho umdla uya Dolmabahçe Clock Museum. Le ise kwisakhiwo endala uNondyebo yangaphakathi esitiyeni yabafazi. Ucel ukukhethwa kuphela urkasheny ngesandla ukubayinxalenye National Collection kweeyure. Emva kweminyaka esibhozo wokulungisa kunye nokulondolozwa lolondolozo lwembali yaphinda-kuvulwa iindwendwe ngo-2010. Namhlanje, neendonga zawo limelwe umzekelo we iiyure 71. Lo mboniso nako ukubona imisebenzi yobugcisa angaqhelekanga kweenkosi Ottoman.

igumbi Ataturk

Umntu wokugqibela owayehlala wafa Dolmabahce Ibhotwe ngo-1938, yaba Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. Encane Ataturk, apho wafela khona, le umthunyelwa मेसेजिंग esetyenziswa ebusika nje lokulala. Le ndawo wosindiswa ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni. It is Zazihonjiswe ifanitshala ezithandekayo, imizobo kunye neewotshi Ataturk. I elula egumbini lakhe Kuyinto ephawulekayo. Wakhetha igumbi kakhulu esiqhelekileyo, xa kuthelekiswa ne-Pomakazi ebhotwe obutofotofo ngakumbi.

Iindwendwe ungase uphawule ukuba zonke iwotshi kwibhotwe kuzakucwangcisa ngexesha elinye 9:05. Yaba ngentsimbi yethoba nemizuzu emihlanu wafa, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, ngubani na ke owaseka Turkish Republic. Ukuze ube ngqo ngakumbi, wafa ngoNovemba 10, 1938. Lo mhla kwafika kubo bonke abemi Turkish.