Diseases Cactus. Iimpawu Cacti ezikhula ekhaya

Cacti - i indalo emangalisayo emvelo bungavelisa bume okhethekileyo ekhayeni okanye eofisini. Iindidi zeemilo, ubuhle ubuncwane seentyatyambo zabo, iimpawu aphilisayo abaninzi babo yaye elula wesondlo - konke oku yindlela entle ukuqala cactus endlwini.

imihlobo Cacti

Kwiphandle Cacti ezi kwimimandla ngokoma Afrika, Canada kunye neMelika. Zahlula-hlulwe ehlathini nenkqantosi, naphezu Ungqameko zona ngokugqibeleleyo kunye nabo kunye nabanye window. Nangona kukho abantu babekholelwa ukuba ezi succulents ezi nabalulamileyo, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ukufumana ngokwakho "umhlobo" inameva, ufanele wazi ukuba unesifo izifo enye okanye enye cactus, yena neentshaba ubuso izinambuzane, yaye oko kufuna ingqalelo efanayo kwakunye nezinye nangabameli beSebe izihluma.

Yasemahlathini Iintlobo ziquka:

• Rhipsalidopsis Gartner - eso sityalo inabantu eqhubela iintyatyambo enkulu epinki entle ukuya kwisitena-obomvu umbala.
• Fillokaktus Ackerman kade ubangelwa kancinci esimfaneleko emiphethweni. Esezansi iintyatyambo ezinkulu ngoMeyi noJuni.
• Cactus Schlumberger Buckley aziwa kakhulu phakathi begadi ngokuba "Decembrist". Ine- arcuate kujikwa neziqu, nto leyo zahlulwe amacandelo amancinane. It esezansi ukususela kuNovemba ukuya kuJanuwari, ezipinki, ezimhlophe, nemfusa okanye iintyatyambo ebomvu.

Le iintlobo uthandwayo abo zifumaneka emakhayeni. Ezi Cacti kwi window khangela mihle, njengoko engaqhelekanga ezi zityalo fomu iziqu. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukukhula emahlathini emvula zemithi. main inzuzo yabo - iintyatyambo ezintle. Ukuphumeza nezidubula zabo, ufanele wazi ezinye bokuqonda ukuzinakekela, kodwa ngokubanzi ukuba abangekho fastidious.

abameli entlango

iyintlango "nabazala" zabo zixhaphake kakhulu kwi efestileni, kwaye ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwazo zezi:

• Ariocarpus - kuba baphuma phantsi kwaye iflethi, Bathiwe wambu Lutho. Beautiful zinamaqhina intyatyambo emhlophe.
• Astrophytums babe imilo setyhula kunye ribbing esinqabileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho izinto kule hlobo ngohlobo inkwenkwezi.

• Aztekium - olu hlobo-2 kuphela iintlobo cactus kunye imilo ahanjiswa kunye iimbambo ngokukhawuleza kwaye phantse ayilula.
• Gymnocalycium - iintlobo ezininzi amaninzi Cacti, apho kukho ukufana eqhelekileyo: ityhubhu zazo ntyatyambo akanalo kweenwele.
• Cleistocactus zivela ashushu eentaba namageduka. Baye zezindlu zinti wambu ezinabantu kunye ameva ezincinane. Nika kweentyatyambo luninzi.
• Lumo - uhlobo Cacti ezincinane, iphawulwa linani elikhulu amathupha. Zifana iibhola ezincinane anoboya.
• Echinopsis - i "iindwendwe" kakhulu rhoqo kwi windows yeentyatyambo. Ingaba zombini ngeenxa kunye side, ityatyambile na iintyatyambo ezinkulu kakhulu ezintle.

Ngoko ke zonke iintlobo Cacti, yaye ngokuqhelekileyo omnye wabo zifanele ukuvela efestileni, njengoko ufuna ukuthenga enye kwenye, kodwa ezinye iintlobo; kwandule ke elilandelayo njalo-njalo. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba ukulinywa Cacti - ikuba yokwenene ezisa izimuncumuncu ekhethekileyo xa, sinombulelo ngenxa yothando unonophelo izityalo kumkhawulela nokugqama.

Ukunyamekela Cacti: ukukhanyisa benika

Ngaphambi kokuqalisa Cacti likhula, kufuneka wazi malunga iimpawu ziqhelekilyo abameli uninzi olu hlobo lwesityalo.

• Ngelo xesha Cacti ekhaya ukukhula iqala entlakohlaza.
• Ukususela ngoMatshi, yaye de kube sekupheleni kuka-Oktobha, ezi zityalo kufuneka ukunkcenkceshela kusasa.
• Ehlotyeni, kufuneka ezongezelelweyo ukutya, ekufuneka wenziwe kanye ngeveki nezichumiso phosphorus-potassium.
• Ebusika, izityalo kufuneka kuphumla, ngoko kucetyiswa ukuba ukucoca igumbi owomileyo, kodwa kupholile.

Phambi kokuba utyale cactus, kufuneka ukhethe indawo efanelekileyo kuyo, okanye udale ukulayita, apho ubukhulu becala kuxhomekeke-ntle esi sityalo.

Cacti njengeendawo eqaqambileyo, kodwa kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba izityalo musani ukumamkela ukutsha UV. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi impahla esencinane. Ukuba cactus baqalisa ukutshintsha umbala, kufuneka ngoko nangoko wafakwa emthunzini, kwaye ufutha ndawo ochaphazelekayo kunye nesisombululo wemagniziyam sulfate.

Nangona intlango iintlobo succulents owoyamaniswe kuyo imozulu eshushu, emva kwako konke, oku kuxhomekeke kuhlobo cactus. Kuba inkoliso yabo ubushushu ehlotyeni degrees 35, ngoko musa ukuzigcina elangeni.

Ebusika, iintyatyambo abadinga kwezibane olongezelelweyo, onokuwatshintsha esebenzisa izibane ezibengezelayo.

Ukunkcenkceshela Kufuneka kwakhona ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezityalo, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo yayo, kodwa amaxesha amaninzi buninzi kakhulu ehlotyeni kwaye kuphela ukuba 1-2 ngenyanga nganye ebusika. Cacti bakhetha sayilungisa ethambileyo, abilayo kunye namanzi yahluzwa.

Ukunkcenkceshela kungenziwa ukusuka phezulu kunye nge yetreyi, kwaye kwiintsuku ngakumbi imini eshushu Kucetyiswa ukutshiza Ukongezelela i "pet".

Kuhlwayelwe "umhlobo" inameva

Yokumilisela Cacti ekhaya kufuneka uqale enesakhono yokuzikhethela, ukulungiswa komhlaba kunye nokuhlolwa enyanzelekileyo esityalo ngokwayo. Kukholelwa ukuba zilinywe ngalo naliphi na ixesha, kodwa kungcono ukuba alinde de sexesha lokukhula, umzekelo, ngoMeyi nangoJuni okanye ngoAgasti-Septemba.

Imfuneko yale nkqubo kwenzeka ukuba amandla encinane okanye wabonakalaliswa nasiphi na isigulo. Cactus, umzekelo, bayeka ukukhula, sangaphandle zayo libunile andabikho luthambe, kwaye iingcambu zithande ukuba 'ukubaleka' evela kwimbiza, ngoko lifikile ixesha. Kuxhomekeka eyahlukahlukeneyo, oko kunokuthi kwenzeke kwiminyaka 2-6.

Phambi ekuqalekeni "ukusebenza" kuyimfuneko ukukhumbula izilumkiso lokhuseleko nikhusele izandla zabo ukusuka neenaliti bakhe.

Ukuze wenze oku, ilingane iiglavu shinyi, agobe kwiiseli ezininzi iphepha okanye isibini lamaqhosha ugwebu. Abalimi abanamava sebenzisa izifinyiso akhethekileyo zingathengwa kwi evenkileni intyatyambo.

Kubalulekile ukwazi: awukwazi tsala cactus evela kwimbiza! Ukubamba amandla izityalo kufuneka wakhona kwaye ngobunono owakha. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ungenza knock phezu kwembiza.

Inkqubo ye succulents yotyando

Yokumilisela zigaba cactus ilandelayo lwenzeka ekhaya:

• iingcambu zesityalo Cima emhlabeni uze ususe naziphi amasebe sisifo okanye abafileyo.
• Yishiye kwi inqanawa ingenanto ku iintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle primer enxebeni lula.
• Ukuze ukukhusela isityalo kwizifo yenkqubo iingcambu kunokwenzeka, kunokwenzeka ukuba amalungiselelo emanzini ashushu. Ukuze wenze oku, wagawulwa ikhadibhodi ezalwa itanki emile, ngokwenza umngxuma kuba iingcambu. Uthululele emanzini bath + 50-55 izidanga kunye neengcambu aphantsi kulo ngokuthi zomsonto ze uzifake emngxunyeni nokufakela cactus kwisiza. Le nkqubo ithatha malunga nemizuzu engama-20, emva koko isityalo kufuneka anikwe ukuba zome, leyo ingathabatha iintsuku 2-3.
• primer Ready for cactus okanye ukupheka ngokwakhe (erhabaxa intlabathi Umxube kunye jikelele kunye entle uhlalutye umhlaba 1: 1: 1) ukuba uthululele imbiza phezu umaleko ngodongwe ezandisiweyo.
• Ngobunono isityalo kwisingxobo, ukusasaza iingcambu aliselele ngomhlaba.

Kubalulekile ukwazi: umhlaba xa utyala kufuneka ibe kakuhle ubunjwe zozibini izandla okanye eskrinini embizeni. Ukuba isityalo liphezulu, phezulu ukuya mzuzu elasekwa yayo kwindawo entsha, kufuneka yogcino.

Ngexesha kuhlwayelwe kids cactus, ukuba ikhona, bahlukene kwaye watyala kwimigqomo ngamnye. Kubalulekile ukuba siphephe ukuzenzakalisa iingcambu abaselula.

Indlela ukukhetha umgqomo for cactus

Ukukhetha embizeni Cacti, kubalulekile ukuba kugxininiswe kwinto yokuba le "izindlu" omtsha kufuneka 3-4 cm ezinkulu kuno engaphambili. Eyona nto ilungileyo ithathwa zeplastiki ngenxa ngendleko ephantsi, Ukukhetha enkulu imibala kunye nobunzima ukukhanya. Kuba abo bakhetha izinto zendalo, athenge iiseramikhi, kodwa imigqomo yeplastiki yokukhetha enkulu iifom, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu kule uhlobo lwesityalo. Kuxhomekeke engcanjini cactus, unako ukuthenga imbiza eliphezulu nemxinwa (kwisiseko enkulu) okanye elifutshane, kodwa ububanzi (kunye ameva elide elibhityileyo).

Ukuba ikaktus wonzakele

Ngamanye amaxesha, isifo ufumana cactus ngenxa trauma ngoomatshini. Ngokomzekelo, ukuze oko zingafumaneka sesichengeni kwimitha yelanga, ukuba engeyiyo abohlukeneyo okanye xa owa bembiza kunye kwisityalo gwantyi phantsi.

Kulo mzekelo, malunga iingxaki zakhe zempilo iya kubonisa "mpawu" ezifana:

• ububomvu ukuba kwenzeka xa zidibene nelanga ngqo;
• izityalo ukushwabana ubuso ubonisa supercooling yayo;
• phezu kuvela akhanya, ngoko umhlaba ugcwele izichumisi ngenxa Cacti, okanye yena kwindawo efumileyo kunene;
• uhlume ukubanjwa lokukhula ibonisa ukuba isityalo amanzi abandayo kuye.

Ukuba umonakalo Kwanele ukutshintsha imiqathango nokuvalelwa esinesiyobisi- okanye imphathe ngayo inxeba nesisombululo zintsholongwane.

Isifo phantsi izifo nokomzimba

Izifo cactus unokufumana ngenxa ukuphazamiseka metabolic. Ezi ukungaqheleki ziquka:

• etiolation - kwenzeka xa ukunqongophala ukukhanya ivela njenge sangaphandle olumbhatshileyo, bazolulela ukuphakama;
• kunye nokunqongophala Macro - sihlaziye izifo izinto wabonakaliswa njenge:
  • inhibition ukukhula, nto leyo ebangela ukungabi nitrogen;
  • Umbala cactus liyatshintsha kunye fluorine ngxaki, nto leyo ibalulekileyo ukuze ukufunxeka nitrogen;
  • ukubunjwa amabala sayingqombela ebangela ukunqongophala sulphur;
  • ingcambu iyayeka ezikhulayo calcium xa ngokwaneleyo;
  • Ukuba izityalo eneentyatyambo ilibele, ngoko ke kufuneka wemagniziyam;
  • detkovanie kakhulu ukuba kubangelwa kukungabikho zinc;
  • isityalo ayeke ikhula xa uswele nobhedu, boron, molybdenum, iodine chlorine.

Ezi ziingxaki zempilo lingaba cactus. Isifo kunye nonyango ezi zityalo ngokufuthi kuxhomekeka kwinqanaba lokhathalelo kubo, ezibandakanya kwezichumiso ngexesha, sebenzisa ubushushu, ukukhanyisa kunye nemigangatho ukunkcenkceshela, ukwakhiwa zomhlaba.

izifo ezinzwaneni

Ngaphambi kokuba utyale cactus, kungcono ukuba calcine emhlabeni ukunqanda izifo kunokwenzeka ezibangelwa nomngundo, iintsholongwane okanye neentsholongwane. Olu didi lubandakanya izifo:

• nangembabala kade - sisifo ezinzwaneni ukuba yonakele inkqubo iingcambu zesityalo ubuvuvu isiqu. Iimbambano kuba cactus linokufikeleleka ngezityalo ezingabamelwane, imifuno kunye neziqhamo. Unyango ikhutshwa phandle ngokusebenzisa njengezibulali yi unyango qho kwiiyure 3-4 iindawo ezonakeleyo. Iluncedo kwisityalo unyango obanjiweyo "imixhesho owomileyo". Ukunqongophala ubumanzi angamvumeli ngundo ukuba isasazeke, kwaye iindawo ezonakeleyo izakulahleka bebodwa.

Kubalulekile ukwazi: Imo kukutyeshela sifo kukhokelela ekufeni esityalo. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka kutshatyalaliswa kunye emhlabeni, kwaye isikhongozeli icocwe kakuhle kwaye iintsholongwane.

• Fusarium nangembabala - ngundo ukuba kwenzeka xa kukho kakhulu ukunkcenkceshela izityalo okanye wena kwimeko ifumile kakhulu. Ngaphandle, esi sifo kubonakala njengoko nemibimbi isiqu kunye ukuwa kwayo off. Yena kuqala ujikele utyheli, ngoko umbala omdaka kufika ingcambu njengomqala, "neziqhamo" abamnyama akhiwa kwimo yokungakhathali kwi kumzimba cactus. Kuthintelo nonyango lunakho wenziwe fundazol, iliso kumgangatho unkcenkceshelo kunye nokuthintela kungekho kukhula amanzi. Unyango lwenziwa ngokohlobo nokususwa kwiindawo ezonakeleyo kunye nonyango amanxeba brilliant oluhlaza, angwevu okanye namalahle.
• ngumngundo Grey - omnye ngundo ehlasela sidewall isiqu okanye indawo apho kwenziwa ugonyo. Ngenxa yoko izigulane izabelo baba mushy sigcwele yintlahla gray. Kuphephe ukufuma ngokugqithiseleyo komhlaba, kunye ezonakeleyo bezicinyiwe kwaye inxeba afefe Nystatin okanye nesalfure.
• Alternaria (Ukubola black) - sisifo ezinzwaneni esibonakaliswa ngohlobo amabala ezimanzi abamnyama shiny amabala amanzi emdaka emzimbeni izityalo. Treatment kuphela ngokususa zonke iindawo ezonakeleyo de ephilile, nto leyo eziyimfuneko ukuze sikwazi ukusiphumeza nesalfure.

Ngoko ke zonke izifo ezinzwaneni yonke Cacti, kodwa kaninzi unobangela kwazo nekungoku ingxamele ukuba ukufuma komhlaba ngamandla kunye nomoya kwi gumbi apho isityalo ixabisa. Ukuze siphephe iingxaki, kungcono kumaxesha ngamaxesha ukunkcenkceshela fungicide cactus nokuqinisekisa ukuba ilizwe phakathi waterings ezomileyo ngokupheleleyo up.

Izinambuzane ezidala

Isimanga, kodwa cactus kungachaphazeleka amagciwane, kwakunye nezinye iindidi houseplants. Unobangela izifo zabo ziquka:

• Mealybug - ishiya lunamahlwili amhlophe, ezifana zoboya. Xa kubonakala ukuba kususwe ongamenywanga "undwendwe" kunye amashiya okanye ngebrashi, uze kuwuphatha phezu intyatyambo KFile isisombululo ezinxilisayo. Emva koko isityalo kufuneka mabaqhelaniswe nyanga imitha yelanga. Ukuba sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi mkhulu kakhulu, kuya kufuneka usebenzise fufanona kunye aktellik.
• Spider olwenziwa ibonakala kangako, kodwa kubonakala phezu esinesiyobisi-, ukuba umoya endlwini yome kakhulu. Yena nezwi yadika yonke incindi evela kwisityalo, isiqu sayo ngexesha omthubi. Unako ukulwa nesisombululo isepha.
• Nematode - uhlobo krakra kakhulu kwimpethu, apho kunzima ukusingatha. Xa efumanise nematodes zonke iingcambu ezonakeleyo kufuneka zisuswe, kwaye izityalo zilinywe kumhlaba omtsha kunye embizeni Cacti.

Zizo ezi izinambuzane eziziintloko banokubenzakalisa pet inameva. ixesha Kubalulekile ukufumana iingxaki ze alungise de isityalo ayikhange ingozi enkulu.