Iitapile: ixesha lokuvuna kummandla Leningrad kunye namadlelo. Terms of ekuqaleni kokuvuna itapile. Indlela ukujonga ixesha yokuvuna itapile?

Iitapile iwela etafileni elide phambi kokuba eyombiweyo yakhe umhlali ehlotyeni. ezihlabayo Ezikhethiweyo luqinile yazeka amatswele ezimbalwa. Zisebenziselwa ukutya kulo lonke ixesha ehlotyeni. Ngale ndlela, mmi ehlotyeni ivavanye iingcambu sivuthiwe yaye imisela xesha ezifanelekileyo kumbiwa yabo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba uphuhliso amatswele zamazambane kwenzeka ngexesha ukusuka kweentyatyambo ukuya yamahlamvu yellowing. Yaba ngeli xesha uyakwazi ukuvela aze azuze ubunzima kuyimfuneko. Xa kwesiqu ziqala ukufiphala kwaye tyheli - uyakwazi ukwemba up iitapile.

ixesha lokuvuna kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zahlukile. Ukuba kuqokelela isivuno yonke ngexesha elinye, ungafumana iziqhamo ephantsi-esemgangathweni. A uphawu ukuba tuber sele izimele, nguye lexinene Amakhasi yayo. Ukuba Ndolutshayela umnwe wakho, ayiqondakali isusiwe. Ezi amatswele wayiqokelela starch ngokwaneleyo kwaye zigcinwe kakuhle de kunyaka ozayo.

amacebo aluncedo

1. Ngokuba isivuno kungcono ukukhetha akukho mini ngemvula. kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kweqondo ezine lobushushu lomoya. Phantsi kweemeko zemozulu ezifana, lunamahlwili amhlophe ilizwe awunamatheli izixhobo hayi nzima inkqubo.
2. Ukuze uqalise indawo ipoma ifolokhwe encinane ofanelekileyo okanye umhlakulo. Ukuba kufuneka uqokelele iitapile kunye intsimi enkulu, kubhetele ukuba usebenzise indlela ekhethekileyo.
3. Imifuno ayikwazi kunye namandla ukuphoswa engobozini, banoku cinywa yonakele. Kulo mzekelo, i iziphene mechanical ezifunyenweyo abayi kuvunyelwa ukuba ahlale nabo ebusika. Ubuntwana phakathi kwezinye imifuno eyonakeleyo okanye onesifo lonakalisa sonke isivuno.

Amaxesha zamazambane ukuvuna kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo

Iqondo eliphezulu ixesha lokuvuna itapile uyakwazi ukufumana ngokusekelwe kwibakala lakhe. Umzekelo, iintlobo zokuqala liyakhula iintsuku ezingama-60. Oko kukuthi, ukuba kutyalwe lwaqhutywa ekuqaleni May, ekuqaleni kuka July singakwazi ngokukhuselekileyo ukwemba i ingcambu.

iintlobo ekuqaleni Medium zikhiwa kwiinyanga ezimbini ezinesiqingatha (malunga nama-70-80 iintsuku). Umyinge - iinyanga ezintathu (iintsuku 85-95), srednepozdnie yaye kamva - emva kweentsuku 97-107. iintlobo Early zilufanele kuphela ukutyiwa ngabantu, isitokhwe yasebusika azikho ezifanelekileyo (zigcinwe kuphela de kuDisemba-Januwari). Ngelo xesha isakhelo elifanayo ekuqaleni kokuvuna itapile ukuvumela ukuqokelela isivuno phambi kokuba kuqala ubusika.

iintlobo Ngasekupheleni kuzo zonke iingingqi babe ixesha zivuthwe. Enyanisweni, phakathi ku-Septemba kumbindi eRashiya neziphaluka kumntla-mpuma sele iqalile ngemvula ukuya.

Xa kuncono ukwemba iitapile kwindawo Leningrad?

amatswele ikakhulu ukutyala kulo mmandla ikhethiwe kwangethuba kwaye Medium iintlobo yokuqala. Xa imiqathango entwasahlobo nengqele imifuno ekwindla ingcambu kukhula kamva kunzima kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo etyalwe ngoMeyi, izityalo okwentyatyambo ngoJuni. Emva kweeveki ezimbini ukusuka ekupheleni kweentyatyambo ukuba imozulu efudumeleyo kuyatshisa kokuba umbe. Ukuba imozulu kwakubanda, ixesha lokuvuna iitapile kwingingqi iLeningrad kunqwenela kufutshane kwisiqingatha sesibini Agasti. Mhlaba ukuqinisekisa iqondo ukuvuthwa ngokuthi yamahlamvu.

Mid-grade kunye billet srednepozdnie afanelekileyo ngakumbi ebusika. Kodwa kwiimeko ezinzima zemozulu le iitapile, nto leyo bevuna ixesha akakafiki, kuyimfuneko ukuba bagubhe yamahlamvu ofayo zendalo. Le nkqubo ludla ngokwenziwa phakathi ku-Septemba ukuthoba iqondo lobushushu ebusuku singaphantsi zero.

iitapile ukuba ukunakekelwa ngexesha esivuthiweyo

Ekupheleni Julayi - Agasti, amagqabi asezantsi phezu kwesiqu aqale zome. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusondela lokuvuna nemihla potato. Ngeli xesha, ayeke ukunkcenkceshela izityalo (fungi ziza kuphuhlisa xa agqithisile ukunyakama, kwaye amatswele ukuba bachaphazeleka rot bacteria). Olubangelwa kufuneka ukutshintsha umbala oluhlaza ube tyheli. Amatswele kakhulu ukutyeba, Ixolo zabo waphilisa, yaye iqondo ukwanda kwikhontenti istatshi. Lixesha ukuba kuvunwe. Ukuba mzuzu liphosiwe - iitapile ekuqaleni ulele emhlabeni, iqala ukuba unciphise umzimba wayo egqibeleleyo, kwaye liyachatshazelwa nangembabala kade, rot kunye nezinye izifo.

Xa kuncono ukwemba iitapile amadlelo?

Njengoko ngokunjalo kummandla iLeningrad, iintlobo Kusemva namadlelo kunzima kakhulu ukukhula. Abakwazi kusoloko oqolileyo phambi kubanda. Ukuba kuneqabaka yasekwindla yokuqala baye bavakalelwa ngokwabo, amatswele ukuze ngokuyinxenye ngumkhenkce kancinane. Kulo mzekelo, abakwazi ukuba ekhohlo ukuya yokugcina ixesha elide. Ngoko ke, abalimi abaninzi bakhetha yokuqala, Medium kwangethuba iintlobo eliphakathi-esivuthiweyo. namazambane ixesha lokuvuna kwi namadlelo luqala kule minyaka ilishumi yesibini ka-Agasti. Ukukhawulezisa inkqubo emuncu kwingcambu, Siyaleza cheba ndiza kuba kwiveki enye phambi ukumba. Ngeli xesha, Chuba lukhuni igqibezela inkqubo ekugugeni amatswele. Kwakhona, le ndlela kwandisa yokugcina yasebusika ixesha.

ukuba njani ukukhawulezisa inkqubo lokuvuthwa amatswele?

Iingcali bazi iindlela ezimbalwa ukuba ukukhula ngokukhawuleza iitapile ixesha kabani lokuvuna liyaphela. Sele uthe ukufumana nangokukrola phambili kwiveki phambi ukumba. Kwakhona isebenzisa indlela processing imichiza. Ukulungiselela le njongo, i zinti ukuba iyeza sisombululo sulfate ngobhedu ngomlinganiselo we-50 g nganye 1 ilitha yamanzi. Kwamabala ngu liyalila unyango, amatswele ifumile izondlo kakhulu ababezahlule ngcono ezincotsheni. Kule fixed ukuphucula izivuno kwi-avareji-10%.

Unako ukwandisa izivuno ngokusebenzisa nezichumiso. kwiintsuku ezingama-21 phambi kokuvuna iincopho baphathwa kunye nesisombululo yokubala superphosphate 150-200 g ilitha 1 yamanzi nganye. Ngenxa oku, emagqabini kwandisa isixa yiklorofili, ukuphuculwa yiphotosynthesis, amatswele bafumana ioksijini ngakumbi Izakha.

Njani ukuba kuvunwe?

Ukuze ukhethe amatswele ne intsimi enkulu kufuneka Potato okanye uhambe-emva itektala kunye nto abembi. Ukuba isixhobo akakho, sebenzisa ikhuba okanye nefolokhwe. Iingcali bacebisa neefolokhwe - xa ipesenti esetyenziswa izityalo ingcambu ezonakeleyo ingaphantsi kakhulu. Ukuba ngaphezu kwesinye iintlobo utyelwe iitapile, kubalulekile ukumba nabo ngokwahlukeneyo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ngalinye iintlobo iimeko imbewu ekhethiweyo.

Isivuno lonke kufuneka koma. Ukuze wenze oku, oko obuphalazelwe phezu polyethylene kwindawo eyomileyo, umoya, apho ntoni ukungena elangeni ngqo. Isibini iiveki ivuthwa le ubunzima ukulungiselela imifuno ebusika, amaxolo babe namandla, ndizibonakalalise ukungafezeki sifo kwezinye iimeko. Okulandelayo, yonke ukuqokelelwa ezibekwe kwaye zikhethwe ngobungakanani baze bafakwe kwisikhongozeli eyahlukileyo. Ukuba iisampulu imbewu zikhethwe, baye banikwa iingobozi eyahlukileyo okanye gauze. Emva koko ilebhile bazi ukuba yintoni uhlobo yokuqokelela kunye nexesha. Yonakele, ababesifa, iitapile wonqanyulwa ezibekwe elahliweyo ngokwahlukeneyo okanye ngokupheleleyo. Kwi yokugcina izinto womisa ubekwe ndenziwe nyulu ukusuka emhlabeni kunye haulm.

Indlela yokulungisa indawo yokugcina?

yokugcina Winter for imifuno inokuba kwesakhiwo okanye iwayini. Kuba ixesha entsha kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela nje kudala phakathi kwasehlotyeni. Ukulungiselela le njongo, oko liyasuswa kobutyobo, isitokhwe kunyaka ophelileyo web kunye t. D. A kakuhle umoya igumbi. Ukuba ukulungiswa kuyimfuneko wenza ezishelfini, wabheka inkqubo yokungena. Emva ilungisa gumbi wenze kweentsholongwane. Zonke iindawo ukuphathwa isisombululo formalin, islaked okanye iblitshi ihlanjululwa. Ukuba asijoje akukho kususwa ngoko nangoko, besela ivaliwe usuku okanye iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ke senza. Ukuba yogcino afumaneka ibuzi okanye imouse ityhefu kubo. Iindonga kunye eluphahleni besela ngekalika ngekalika udaka, uze emva koko loma. Ukulandela la manyathelo zingafakwa kwi iitapile efihlakeleyo, ixesha lokuvuna oluba ekupheleni kwehlobo.

Indlela yokulungisa imbewu?

iitapile imbewu - a iisampulu abangabona kwiintlobo yokuqala nezinobunzima 80 g, embindini, yaye emva kwexesha, nezinobunzima 50 grams, zaye ezikhethwe amatyholo esempilweni kunye nemveliso. Ukuba ulungiselela kakuhle imbewu, singakwazi ukufezekisa iziphumo ezintle kunyaka ozayo. Amatswele zikhethiwe ngokwelo lo mgaqo: ityholo yokuqala - izenzeko avareji kunye kade - kunazo. Okulandelayo, imifuno iingcambu ekhethiweyo kwakhona ezibekwe sibekwe iiveki ezimbini umoya, igumbi mnyama. Ngeli xesha, izinto lokutyala elizayo kufuneka uqinisekise i ukufuma omkhulu (malunga nama-80%) kunye amaqondo obushushu malunga ne-18 ° ^C. Emva koko, amatswele ezibekwe kwakhona kwaye Fonts iinkonkxa enombhalo.

Ukwazi ukuba ukujonga njani ixesha lokuvuna iitapile, ukuqokelela indlela efanelekileyo kunye ivenkile, undwendwe ehlotyeni lula ukufumana isivuno esihle. Ngelo xesha nye unako ukusigcina kude kunyaka ozayo. Kakade ke, kubalulekile ukuba ukukhula kuphela iingcambu ezinkulu, ezintle, ixesha kubalulekile yemba kuso, ukukhetha isahlulo ukutya kunye iimbewu ukulungiselela emthonjeni.