Best ifriji eSoviet: iimpawu lophawu, inkcazo

Nkqu kumaxesha amandulo abantu kuye kwacaca ukuba ukusetyenziswa kubushushu obuphantsi ikuvumela ukugcina iimveliso. Kangangexesha elide ookhokho bethu kusetyenziswe imithombo yendalo kubanda. Yaba umkhenkce, apho badibana ngeentsuku ezibandayo, wabekwa kwi emaquleni okanye izisele. Kwezi ezihambayo ngumntu alondolozwe kutya, yaye ehlotyeni. Ngoko kwakukho Iimpucuko ezininzi abaye ithuba enjalo. Abantu abahlala kwimozulu eshushu, kwafuneka ukuba enze ngenye indlela. Ngokomzekelo, amaYiputa esetyenziselwa nokulondolozwa ukutya neempahla ezizodwa ezaliswe ngamanzi, ezibe lupholile ebusuku.

Kakade ke, zonke ezi ndlela ibizezamandulo kangangokuba akazange avunyelwe ukuba ukufumana isiphumo eyaneleyo kobubi. Yonke into itshintshile kuphela kule nkulungwane yama-20 ekuqaleni xa kokusungulwa unit ifriji. Oku emangalisayo kusebenziso ifowuni ngethuba ubukho yayo bavela iyunithi enkulu ibe umncedisi kubalulekile, nto leyo esele zifumaneka kuyo yonke imizi.

Uphuhliso lokuqala Russian

uye wabonakala Isixhobo sivumela ukuba ukupholisa iimveliso kweli lizwe lethu kwinkulungwane yama-20. Iiyunithi zokuqala zaye zaveliswa ngexesha wolawulo Tsarist. Umthamo zezi zixhobo yaba Iilitha ezingama-100, yaye ubunzima - 50 kg. nobukhulu zabo wayelingana 365h505h900 mm.

Le IKhabhinethi eyenziwe ngomthi, ngelixa ezishelifini - eyenziwe ngentsimbi kwalenza. Le fowuni lupholile imveliso degrees ezisixhenxe ngentla zero. Noko ke, ukuveliswa kuphuhliso iifriji e Tsarist Russia nababengalwamkelanga. Athintele kokuqhambuka leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, kwaye emva kokuba - ukuvukela. Ngexesha leMfazwe Civil, kwaye ngoko ke collectivisation le iifriji musa nokuba sakhunjulwa.

Yenziwe kwi USSR

Phantsi kolawulo yiSoviet, iiyunithi zophuhliso iimveliso okupholisa yaqala kuphela banesifo ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Iifriji lokuqala yiSoviet wakhululwa ngowe-1937 mveliso wakhe waba eKharkov Tractor Plant (HTZ). Kungenxa yoko le nto umfuziselo unit HTZ-120 igama.

ifriji Okokuqala Soviet waba umthamo 120 l. Usebenzisene isiguquli hermetic kwaye wadala kwi kwishelfu embindini degrees ezintathu thabatha. Xa evaporator, oko lehla laya kutsho mabini ngezantsi zero. Kumbindi efrijini kwakukho ibhalbhu. Ngokuzenzekelayo xa ucango kuvulwa. Engqonge egumbini iyalingana 755h455h380 mm. ifriji Okokuqala eSoviet waba ubushushu eyenziwe ngomthi ifayibha. Ububanzi balo babulingana 80 mm.

yokunqanda ukuba imveliso iimveliso zokugcina ukukhuthaza lula. Kungenxa yoko le nto ngobuninzi ezi iifriji yokuqala eSoviet Union baye bakhululwa kuphela ngo-1939 emva konyaka omnye, imarike umsebenzisi hit iiyunithi 3,500. Noko ke, uphuhliso olungaphaya ngokuveliswa iifriji wamiswa. Kuye oluphazanyiswa iMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic.

Olunye uhlobo iifriji

Ukongezelela HTZ-120 brand nto leyo ucinezelo, phambi kokuba imfazwe kusaqulunqwa yoyilo izixhobo Ukunciphisa refrigerating. Emva izifundo wavelisa prototype yakhe. Le ifriji eSoviet waba umthamo luncedo ka 30 DM. Iqondo lobushushu wawa degrees ezintlanu thabatha egumbini layo, kunye nokusetyenziswa amandla yaba watts 100. Noko ke, nangona iimvavanyo yimpumelelo, oko zange yakhululwa imveliso ngenxa kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe.

Kut- umsebenzi nokudalwa efrijini

Kweli xesha kwemfazwe ukuphuhliswa kwezakhiwo nokufunxwa laqhubeka "Gazoaparat" mveliso. Ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi owenziweyo ifriji yiSoviet yale hlobo liye labhalwa imveliso mass. Nebhetshi yokuqala zezi yunithi beza off line ibandla ngowe-1950, umthamo lwegumbi ifriji "Gazoaparat" Ngokuba negama elifanayo yomvelisi, waba iilitha 45.

Ukuphuculwa yamacebo ephuhliswe

Emva kokukhutshwa nebhetshi yokuqala ifriji izityalo "Gazoaparat" zange ayeke khona. iingcali lweshishini saphuhliswa kwaye yakhululwa imveliso akumgangatho iyunithi. Le kwisiqandisi waba brand "North", ukuba umqulu luncedo zeelitha ezingama-65 kwegumbi. Zombini imizekelo iifriji eziveliswa kule isityalo "Gazoaparat" kunye ukufudumeza yombane.

Amava kuyilo izixhobo evumela ukugcina ukutya, musa kuyaphawulwa. Kuye kusetyenziswa kumsebenzi wabo, kunye nezinye mveliso ezininzi ukuze uqalise ukuvelisa uhlobo indlu iifriji ukufunxeka. Ngoko ke, ukususela Orenburg kwimarike umsebenzisi-lizwe kwakukho iiyunithi "Orenburg". Velikoluksky isityalo esaqala ngayo imveliso iifriji "Frost", kunye Penza - izixhobo "Penza". Zonke ezi brand of iifriji Soviet kwemfuno enkulu phakathi kwabantu kwaye babe nabancedisi abanyanisekileyo Cuisine ezininzi zeli lizwe.

Mark "Crystal"

Le iifriji ukufakwa kakhulu ogqibeleleyo eziveliswa ngeekhilomitha ezimashumi mathathu ezivela kwisixeko Kiev, phezu ngokukodwa yakhiwe le njongo Vassilkovskaya sityalo. Kwishishini yakhiwa ngo-1954 kwaye lujolise ngokupheleleyo kwi nokuveliswa kwezixhobo brand "Crystal".

Kwiplanti izibonelelo eziyimfuneko ukuze eyimveliso phantse kuzo zonke iindawo ukuba iifriji zikhona. Esebenza ngayo workshop ngesinyithi, kwakunye nokuveliswa amagwebu irabha, istro kunye zeplastiki iimveliso. Kwakukho kwimimandla mveliso kunye nebandla.

Le iifriji ukufakwa oluhle kakhulu eSoviet Union izinto zayo nezingalunganga. Abasebenzisi zilungele umsebenzi wabo cwaka, nto leyo sikhatshwa yokungabikho phantse olupheleleyo intlokoma kunye amathuba ukusetyenziswa njengomthombo wamandla, umbane nje kuphela, kodwa igesi. Kodwa kwakukho iifriji ezinjalo kunye nobubi. Phakathi kwabo - ukusetyenziswa kwamandla banda, kwakunye umsebenzi rhoqo ngaphandle kucime.

"Crystal-9" uphawu kwi yee- kwinkulungwane lokugqibela mveliso yaqalisa imveliso iifriji. Imali iyonke isixhobo enjalo iilitha 213 Igumbi yingqele apho ubushushu baqhubeka ngama -18, - 33 iilitha.

"Crystal-9" waba uhlobo iyunithi ngokupheleleyo-ubungakanani. Noko ke, oko ixhasa iimpawu ezigqwesileyo ngaphezu kwamandla ngokunyusa isixhobo isiguquli.

Le eqhwalela yalungiswa imodeli "Crystal-9m". ESoviet Union uthenge ilayisenisi yenkampani Swiss "eSiberia" ngenxa yokuba kuveliswe le yunithi.
Izixhobo entsha zokupholisa ukutya osetyenzisiweyo umbane kakhulu ngaphantsi waba thermostat nakho ukugcina obushushu ayinqwenelayo emagumbini, yaye inkqubo ndikufuna oluzenzekelayo.

Mark "Saratov"

Ukongeza kukufakwa eSoviet Union kumashishini ezininzi sele zifakiwe ukuveliswa iifriji zasekhaya kunye compressors. Enye yezi nkampani yaba inombolo izityalo 306. iinjini moya Ekuqaleni zaveliswa. Ekubeni kwisiqandisi yawo yokuthutha "Saratov" ndafika ngo-1951. Ayephila wathetha kule modeli, ukuba "esenzelwe engalunganga, kodwa ngokuqinileyo inxeba." Ezo mpawu akwazi ukunika izinto ezininzi eziveliswa ngexesha kulwakhiwo socialism.

Kwisiqandisi "Saratov" unomzimba ezenziwe ngentsimbi. izixhobo ezinjalo isale wayesebenzisa emhlophe. evaporator kwithala freezer lwangaphakathi ngamanqindi ivela steel stainless. Le zisinika esetyenzisiweyo ifriji chromium.

Neendlela zokuqala zezi zixhobo single-negumbi ngumqulu neelitha 85. ibandla yokwambathisa emhlabeni kuye kwalungiselelwa ukusetyenziswa kwiglasi okanye uboya bezimbiwa. Thile emva koko, le mveliso aqalisa ukuvelisa ifriji, umsebenzi wenziwe Freon ekhuselekileyo kwimpilo yabantu.

iiyunithi ifriji "Saratov" waba nempumelelo kuphela phakathi kwabathengi eSoviet Union. imveliso yezityalo athunyelwa kumazwe angamashumi-amathathu zehlabathi, kuquka yaseJamani eFransi, eItali, Belgium, eNgilani kunye nabanye. Namhlanje, i iifriji endala yiSoviet yale brand umzekelo lokwenyaniso iteknoloji ehambelana isilogeni yexesha, akhuthazwa ukuba 'ukwakha kuse emaphakadeni. "

Best unit isiguquli

Inyange phakathi izixhobo Ukupholisa eSoviet waba ifriji ZIL. Le yunithi ucinezelo, imveliso mass ulungiselelwe 1949-1951 gg. e Moscow Automobile Plant.

Neendlela zokuqala iifriji ziye zaphuhliswa bureau kuyilo. Baye ngokuba "ZIS-eMoscow". Sampula lokuqala efrijini waba umthamo 165 l.

Konyaka emva kokuba umbutho koomasifundisane ekuvelisweni izixhobo Ukupholisa nendlu yasekhaya ndabona ukukhanya uphuhliso nebhetshi yokuqala leeyunithi 300. Ngabo aba iifriji ucinezelo yokuqala, nto leyo yaba umthamo owaneleyo kubathengi.

Le mveliso yaqhubeka ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngexesha elifutshane kwi kwimarike umthengi ukuba zikhutshwe, kunye nezinye iimodeli efrijini kaHomer. Ngoko ke, ngo-1960, amatyathanga yemiyinge bangena unit "ZIL Moscow" TE-240. umthamo wayo walishiya okupholisa gumbi 240 l, kwaye gumbi siqandisi - 29 iilitha. ifriji New "ZIL Moscow" wanika abathengi ukukwazi ukubeka imveliso kwi iiphaneli emnyango embilwini.

Ngowe-1969, ifriji yasekhaya ebuxande imilo entsha. Baba iyunithi imodeli ZIL-62 SH-240. Loo ifriji lula ukuba yanele kwi elingaphakathi ekhitshini eqhelekileyo. Ukongeza, abayili kuqala kusetyenziswa itywina magnetic emzini wakhe. Oku kwenza kube lula ukusebenza iifriji kwiindawo hayi kuphela zwi, kodwa imozulu yimvula sabutropikhi.

Minsk device umenzi

Ngokutsho nasiSigqibo iBhunga labaPhathiswa ye Byelorussian SSR, kunye Agasti 1959 sele iqalile ukulungiselela zokudalwa refrigerating izixhobo izixhobo irhasi mveliso ekhaya. Production ngo Minsk. Yaba isiseko isoftwe yangoku "Atlas".

Iifriji lokuqala "Minsk-1" weza off line indibano ngowe-1962 Yaba iyunithi ucinezelo xa umthamo litres 140. gumbi yayo qhwa ukuba iilitha 18.5. Emazantsi kwegumbi abathungi ifriji siye kubonelelwa neempahla ezimbini, ezibe zilungiselelwe imifuno kunye neziqhamo. Neendlela zokuqala olungisiweyo. Bakhululwa nangoko ukusuka phezulu. Ngaphezu koko, ikhabinethi ngasekhohlo Kujongwe ukuba le mveliso kunye izitya.

Ukususela ngo-1964, kwaqala imveliso yesixa yemodeli yesibini. Kwisiqandisi "Minsk-2" sele ihlukane. Okulandelayo saqalisa ukuvelisa iimodeli izizukulwana yesithathu neyesine. Baya engafani ababengaphambi zabo baye baba de kwezi mpawu zingasentla.

Phantsi ilayisensi evela kwinkampani French wakhululwa ifriji "Minsk-5." komele bakhe kumphati ukuphakama obandayo, kwaye isebenza enyovwayo okhethekileyo umnyango lokuvula. Lo mfuziselo ngokusekelwe "Minsk-6" eziphuculweyo enobunye iifriji.

Kodwa iiyunithi uthandwayo umvelisi sentsimbi Belarusian nangoku egumbini-mbini. Le umfuziselo "Minsk-15" nokulungalungiswa zayo ezahlukeneyo. Okokuqala kulo nje izinto zokwambathisa thermal iye isetyenziswe lyu amagwebu.

Ukuveliswa 'yomkhenkce "zesityalo

Ukususela ngo-1962 yaqala ukuveliswa iifriji kunye mveliso wavula kwisixeko ESmolensk. Baba iifriji ucinezelo, umthamo apho ukuya yee- senkulungwane lokugqibela akazange ngaphezu kweelitha alikhulu elinamanci mabini. iiyunithi compact zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabemi belizwe lethu, nangona kwakukho omnye egumbini yaye uyilo ngokwanelisayo ezilula imigca engqongqo ngqo. Amaqokobhe Isibandisi "ESmolensk" zazenziwe umbala zeplastiki, omhlophe okanye njengamasi, kwaye ulawulo lwaqhutywa ngokusebenzisa ngomatshini.

Ukususela ngowe-1964 ukuya 1999 inkampani Iyakwazi kwaye wakhululwa imifuziselo elinanye zasendlini, ngumthamo opheleleyo apho yaba kwiiyunithi ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezihlanu.

Krasnoyarsk plant impumelelo

Abantu abaninzi abadala eziqhelekileyo eSoviet ifriji "Biryusa". ukukhululwa yayo iye yasekwa ngo-1963 Oku kwenzeka emva kokuba senziwe nguRhulumente isigqibo lizwe ukuze ube nokufumanisa ukuba ukuveliswa iifriji kwi-mveliso "Krasmash".

Emva kokukhululwa yenkampani kwiiyunithi ngokupheleleyo yaqala ukubonakala kwimarike umthengi-mali ka-150 lamawaka. Per nyaka. Kodwa ithandwa kangaka waseUSSR, ukuba kukho imfuneko ukwandisa imveliso yabo. Sele 1967, isityalo waba amandla, athabatha apho amawaka 350. Iifriji ngonyaka.

Xa 70s yokuqala, inkampani iye yamisela ukukhululwa compressors, ukuba iimpawu ukusebenza ngcono. Ngowe-1982 isityalo wayibhiyozela ukukhululwa weyunithi 10 sesigidi.

umenzi Muromsky

ifriji eSoviet "Oka" yakhululwa kwiimarike kweli lizwe ngxi ngamahlanu zenkulungwane lokugqibela. Ezi mveliso bagqibileyo Murom Machine-Isakhiwo Izityalo, esebenza ezinye zezindlu kwaye akakho mva.

Imodeli kakhulu yokuqala "Oka" iifriji egumbini-ababini ukuba ineenkalo eqhelekileyo. Loo isixhobo kakuhle intsapho yabantu 4-5. Isimbo ezi iifriji wayengqongqo ngokwaneleyo. Le lezindlu iikona ezibukhali, ukuphakama kwayo ayidluli 150 cm. Egumbini Refrigerating Kujongwe elisusekayo iishelfu uhlobo pfumerile. Emazantsi athe afakwa kwizikhongozeli for iziqhamo kunye nemifuno. Ngumthamo opheleleyo yemodeli yokuqala 300 l. ukusetyenziswa Power - 50 Township / h ngenyanga.

Defrosting of efrijini yaba ncwadana, nomsebenzi wayo sikhatshwa ingxolo kunokuba elikhulu.

Lokubolekwa "Absheron"

Umgca yokuqala imveliso kwisityalo Bashkir waqalisa behla iifriji-ezincinane nezinkulu. Umehluko omkhulu wabo iklasi sezulu liphezulu. Kule meko, ifriji "Absheron" waba kwemfuno hayi kuphela eSoviet Union, kodwa kwakhona kumazwe angaphandle. happy lakhe ukuthenga lwamazwe eLatin American nawe-Afrika.

Bashkirsky kwisiqandisi ezenziwe ngezinto ezomeleleyo. Umzekelo, ukuba istili sentsimbi sathathwa ezifikelela ngayo kunye sisincoko ekhethekileyo anti-entsimbini.
Phakathi iintsilelo kwezi modeli zingahlukaniswa umthamo omncinci siqandisi, leyo kugula kakhulu ukuba onke.

Kule 80, le nkampani waqalisa imveliso imifuziselo zizonke egumbini ezimbini. umthamo wabo wafika iilitha 300. iiyunithi luphawulwa umthamo high kobubi.

Ngokubanzi, inkqubo iifriji ukukhululwa eSoviet Union linokuchazwa ngokuthi yimpumelelo.