Art. 397 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo. Imiba eya kuqwalaselwa inkundla ekwenzeni kwisivakalisi

ligqithise Isivakalisi, kwaye umntu owaphule ulwaphulo-mthetho, wagwetyelwa, kodwa kulo mzekelo, yena uyakwazi ukubala yanelisa inkundla kunye nokuthomalalisa isohlwayo okanye ukukhululwa kuyo ukuba isiseko somthetho iza kubonisa.

Ukunyanzeliswa kwesigwebo

Inqanaba lokugqibela kwecala yi uphumezo yesivakalisi. In Art. 397 Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation kukho uluhlu lwe amanqaku kubalulekile ngumtyholwa, lowo wenziwe emva kokuba ukuqaliswa kwe sigwebo enkundleni ngokuchasene umntu enetyala - nowokugqibela iqala ukuba isigwebo sakhe.

Isigwebo uqalisa ukusebenza ngomhla ochaziweyo yinkundla, ukuba ubengabhenele inxalenye yakhe inkqubo. Ukuba ummangalelwa ungenatyala, ngoko loo mntu ngesi enkundleni, kodwa kananjalo wabhenela kwinkundla ephakamileyo.

Xa ukubulawa yesivakalisi, inkundla kufuneka beze lo mbuzo:

• ekubuyiselweni onke amalungelo efanelekileyo kwimeko yayo yesiqhelo;
• exemption sisohlwayo;
• ukupheliswa deferment kwesigwebo, ukunciphisa Ukulibaziseka kwexesha;
• ukubuyisela kwiziko elinye zoluleko komnye;
• Ukubuyisela elinye ixesha lokohlwaywa kwi othambileyo;
• yokurhoxiswa okanye isicelo esilandelayo ilahla ngenkani unyango lwamayeza;
• ngengqawule kunye Kwanokupheliswa yayo;
• eluvalelweni kwimeko ukutenxa isohlwayo okanye non-ukufika kwindawo sesivakalisi;
• ukutshintshwa kwesigwebo esiwiswe phezu kwelinye;
• ukunciphisa ukurhoxisa enetyala ingeniso;
• ukudluliselwa bolunye uhlanga enetyala kwizohlwayo ezenziweyo kwi-State apho ungummi;
• ukukhululwa bantwana.

Le miba kungenziwa kuphela enokusonjululwa yinkundla, yaye ngamnye kubo ingqalelo ekhethekileyo.

lokuvalelwa

Umthetho wenkqubo yolwaphulo ngokuqinisekileyo lowu ngexesha lokuvalelwa ayikwazi kuba ngaphezu kweenyanga ezimbini yaye kuza kwandiswa ukuya kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuntsonkotha ekhethekileyo kwimeko - oku kubhekiselele otyholwayo ulwaphulo-mthetho.

Buso bamntu wagwetywa, abo sele entolongweni, kodwa batshutshiswa ngenxa omnye umthetho, ngamaxesha lokuvalelwa zibekwa ngokusekelwe kwi Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo. Kwimeko apho umntu omangalelwe kuba ulwaphulo-mthetho kakhulu, kufuneka kwandiswa ukuya kwezili-12. Ixesha inkulu lokuvalelwa ngexesha lophando lolwaphulo-mthetho ingakumbi lengcwaba ezili-18, loo mntu kufuneka wakhululwa emva koko, ngaphandle kweemeko ezichazwe emthethweni zenkqubo.

Xa kubalwa ixesha elichithwa eluvalelweni kuthiwe kota:

• xa umntu atshutshiswe kuba umrhanelwa;
• ukufumana ijele ekhaya;
• uhlale kwiziko lezempilo ngokomyalelo wenkundla.

Nokuvalelwa umntu ogwetyiweyo, lo ubusithelisayo kwaye aloluhlobo isohlwayo ngohlobo ehlawule ocoliweyo, kunye nokuphunyezwa yomsebenzi mandatory lolungiso, mhlawumbi kangangeentsuku ukuya ku-30. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo amabanjwa, owathiywa okusisiphumo wenkundla kufuneka balandele kweli thanga-yokuhlaliswa phantsi amandla ayo, kwaye ngexesha elimisiweyo musa ukufumana amayeza kwaye kuza indawo yokukhonza yesivakalisi.

Ukuba inkundla ukuba isigqibo sokuba ukutshintsha entolongweni ngenxa umntu ogwetyiweyo ongaphumeleliyo ukufika kweli thanga-zokuhlala kunye izikhumba, ixesha evalelwe kwaye zimisela iintsuku kungekho ngaphezulu kwama-30.

Umiso isohlwayo

delay Isicelo ukukhonza isohlwayo abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nabasetyhini kunye nabantwana, ngokunjalo indoda ngumzali omnye, kunokwenzeka kuphela xa lidihi isenzo ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu entolongweni.

Ithuba ubabalo phambi kokuba umntwana efikelela kubudala beminyaka eli-14, emva koko umzali uxolelwa sohlwayo okanye indawo yayo ithathwe amanqaku ephisa ngawo ngakumbi. Ukongezelela, umzali kufuneka ijongane umntwana akhuliswe yakhe, kungenjalo inkundla singarhoxiswa elizayo kwaye athumele ngecala kwiindawo yamabanjwa.

Art. 397 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo-ngqo ibonisa ukuba inkundla rhoxisa ebekelwe ixesha elizayo lokukhonza isohlwayo abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye amabhinqa umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-14 ubudala, kwakunye njengomntu ongumzali olunye, kunye nesicelo weSiqendu 82 Code of Organised.

Irhoxisa ukulibaziseka yokukhonza isivakalisi ndachukumisa nokuba likhoboka leziyobisi, ukuba yokugqibela akafuni ukuba anyangwe kwesi sifo esibi kwaye baye yesiqhelo, kwaye enze izenzo endalo mthethweni. Kulo mzekelo, umntu ogwetyiweyo kufuneka ithunyelwe kumaziko lwabarhanelwa alungiselelwe ukukhonza ngakumbi kwesivakalisi.

zingabanjwa

Ukukhululwa isohlwayo ukuba umntu unetyala kuphela kwiimeko ezithile;

• xa ummiselo yokwala yaphela nge enetyala;
• Ukuba yamkelwe umthetho omtsha yolwaphulo-mthetho;
• ngenxa yokugula, ngokusekelwe Art. 81.

Ukuba umntu enetyala emva kokuba sivakalisi ungamkhonzanga isigwebo, kwaye bakubaleke Justice, kanjalo wadlulisela ngummiselo yokwala sezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho, loo mntu uya kukhululwa isohlwayo.

Kwimeko umthetho omtsha, kungabandakanywa uxanduva isenzo iKhowudi Criminal, enetyala phantsi kweli nqaku uya kungabi sisohlwayo.

Umenzi wobubi uya kukhululwa isohlwayo yinkundla ukuba isimo sakhe sempilo awuvumeli ukuba kuyo. Kwimeko ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo umntu ogwetyiweyo abanokufakwa kwiziko lonyango ezizodwa, kodwa kuphela ligunya egwebayo.

Udo nokutshitshiswa kwabo

, Ukuba umntu ogwetyiweyo ngoxa isigwebo sakhe kungqubana kolawulo, esebenza kunye nangentlonelo zabasebenzi kweli thanga kunye namanye amabanjwa, kwakunye ukubuyekeza umonakalo owenzeke ulwaphulo acele ukukhululwa ekuqaleni.

Art. 397 Code of Criminal Procedure sicacisa ukuba inkundla ekwenzeni kwisivakalisi isombulula imibuzo malunga zengqawule kunye kususwe ku isicelo yeSiqendu 79 Code of mthetho.

indima ebonakalayo ingqawule ukuya wobubi uya kuba izimvo ixhoba, kwakunye nolawulo koloni.

Iinkonzo igqwetha imali eninzi, yaye ukufikelela kuzo zonke amabanjwa, kodwa ukuba ufuna ukufikelela ingqawule indlela kufuneka ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba inzuzo, ngenxa yokuba amagosa entolongweni zilungiselela amaxwebhu ixesha elide.

Udo inkundla iya kusetyenziswa kuphela xa isaphuli wayeka isohlwayo iqhekeza elo kuxhomekeke ubungqongqo bolwaphulo mthetho.

kwimeko yesiqhelo

Ukunakanwa le ilahla abamsulwa ngokupheleleyo kunye nokubuyiselwa onke amalungelo akhe ekuthiwa kwimeko yesiqhelo. Kulo mzekelo, loo mntu kufuneka ngoko nangoko kukhululwa isohlwayo ngenxa umnikelo uxolo.

Xa Part 1 weSiqendu 397 of the CCP RF ucacisa ngokungqalileyo ukuba inkundla eqwalasela umbuzo wokubuyiswa onke amalungelo kwisimo. Ngokungqinelana noku, i yokugqibela iya kusebenza amagunya enkundla kunye imfuno kwi imeko kuye ngenxa yomonakalo obangelwe ukuqiniseka mthethweni.

yokuvikela

Ukhetho Ilungelo ummeli kwinqanaba lokubulawa ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kwaye izigqibo, kuba kufikwa ukutshintsha ukuma loo mntu unetyala.

Ukulungiswa kunye nokuqokelelwa amaxwebhu ezahlukeneyo igqwetha - umsebenzi oqhelekileyo. Oku kusenokongela ixesha kunye kobuxhakaxhaka enetyala mthethweni okanye enetyala, ngubani ofuna ukudibana kunye nabo babathandayo kungekudala.

Xa zonke igqwetha lamalungelo umntu ogwetyiweyo uya kunikwa ngeendleko zikarhulumente, ukuba le yokugqibela ngokwakhe ecela ukuqeshwa icebo yokuzikhusela. Oku kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela amaxwebhu zokufumana iingcebiso abaneziqinisekiso zomthetho.

Ukuziqhelisa, ubonelelo igqwetha yoluntu ekhululekileyo enetyala kwenzeka kuphela ngethuba lophando lokuqala kwaye enkundleni ngaphambi kwesigwebo. Kwimeko xa igqwetha ukuba yokuzithethelela kommangalelwa urhulumente enetyala, iindleko zenkqubo ziya kubuyiselwa mali ngazo yi-mali federal.

Abenzi bobubi nabantwana babo

Ngelishwa, yenzeka ukuba amabanjwa, bobabini abasetyhini kunye namadoda, singabantwana abafuna inkathalo yabo ingqalelo. Ngokusisiseko, libhekisela kwabasetyhini kunye nabantwana ezintsha eluvalelweni. Kungenxa yoko le nto umthetho abantwana bagwetywa iminyaka emithathu ubudala banokuhlala kunye nomama xa kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho leenkedama ezikhethekileyo kuyo. Ukuba akunjalo, ngoko ke umntwana kufuneka kudlule izihlobo zalo enetyala okanye leenkedama. Ukuba umfazi phambi kokuphela isigwebo kanye ngonyaka, abasebenzi iziko loluleko lingalandisa lwakukhula ixesha elichithwa yabahlawulisiweyo endlwini umntwana yamabanjwa. Kwimeko apho isivakalisi mkhulu kwaye akukho izalamane, umntwana ibekwe kwikhaya leenkedama.

ukuqiniseka olunemiqathango

Kwimeko kokuqeshwa yinkundla imiswe ilahla isivakalisi kwakhona umise ixesha probationary, ngexesha apho umoni angabonisa ulungiso lakhe ngaphandle kwentolongo. Isohlwayo ngaphandle bodwa evela eluntwini umiselwa ngokusekelwe yeSiqendu 73 Code of Organised.

Imiba eya kuqwalaselwa yinkundla kuzalisekiso yesivakalisi, ngokungqinelana neSiqendu 397 soMthetho i-Criminal Procedure Code, kuquka ukupheliswa yokulingwa kunye ukwandiswa kwexesha probationary. Oku kwenzeka xa umoni ugatya amagunya enkundla elisekwe kukwaphulwa ulawulo lomthetho kunye nezithintelo kuwo.

isohlwayo Ukutshintsha

Inkundla ukutshintsha isohlwayo eyabelwe ngaphambili ukuba unetyala, ukuba yokugqibela izama ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuba bazikhwebule kuyo. Ngamana kuxhomekeka ukutshintsha:

• sesono - kule imeko azise isigwebo ngaphandle entolongweni okanye ukusetyenziswa nqaku, ngokoko athe umntu enetyala;
• umsebenzi Zoluleko - endaweni isohlwayo kusebenza ambambe okanye entolongweni;
• inkonzo zoluntu - ku ngebhaxa, mhlawumbi ngabodwa evela kuluntu;
• inkululeko - nasekusweleni yayo kuphela.

Ngoko ke, nasemva kokuba iNkundla wanikela isigwebo sayo, nto leyo wachaza isohlwayo ebekwe, kusoloko kukho amathuba xa kuthe isohlwayo non-komsebenzi zinokujongwa kwakhona yinkundla and watshintsha.

Ulawulo phezu ukubulawa phantsi kwezi ndidi izohlwayo yaqhuba uhlolo ezizodwa.

Ukutshintsha uhlobo yeziko loluleko

Abenzi bobubi isigwebo entolongweni, ukuze kutshintshelwa kwenye a yokuziphatha elungileyo okanye embi (phambi ukuphazamiseka ezahlukeneyo). Lo mba wasonjululwa kuphela yinkundla. Isibheno kwinkundla unelungelo unjengonetyala ngabaphethe zesizwe okanye icebo lakhe. Ukuba igqwetha isimo, iindleko zenkqubo lwela izilangazelelo umntu ogwetyiweyo kufuneka imbuyekezo ngeendleko kwemali karhulumente.

Umoni badluliselwe:

• evela koloni kwimo eqhelekileyo, okanye ngenye indlela;
• kunye imithetho engqongqo kunye ezizodwa entolongweni.

Abasetyhini kunye nabo wagwetywa ubomi, ngeke idluliselwe entolongweni.