Alisa Gessenskaya, Grand neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya ilifa: biography, ibali lobomi kunye nothando

Ngubani na Alisa Gessenskaya? Yintoni na le nkazana odumileyo kwimbali? Njani na ubomi bakhe? Zonke ezi mibuzo ziya kufumana iimpendulo kweli nqaku.

imvelaphi

Alisa Gessenskaya wafumana ekuzalweni igama Victoria Helena Louise Beatrice Alice of Hesse-Darmstadt. Wazalwa Juni 6, 1872 eJamani. Ikamva uKumkanikazi of Russia wavuka nokuthiywa lunalo abameli ezine losapho lobukumkani lwamagama esukela: unina, naye, uAlice, noodade ezine umama. Uyise wakhe owaziwa Duke Ludwig IV, unina - neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya Alice. Intombazana le yesine, intombi omncinane yentsapho odumileyo.

Esakhula

Princess Alisa Gessenskaya ilifa kubazali bakhe sofuzo. Esi sifo sisasazwa ukusuka kumama ukuya emntwaneni kwi sizukulwana sokuqala usapho sabo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, oko iboniswa namadoda akhe anamandla ngokucacileyo, abafazi kuphela babezithetha zomthonyama. Kule sifo, kunciphise igazi ekunqandeni, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekubeni ukopha kakhulu, apho zombini ngaphakathi nangaphandle. On sifo girls zempilo khange isiphumo.

Native Hesse ngo-1878 ithe bhubhane ukubola komqala. I wathinta bakhe kunye nosapho Alice yakhe. Ukubhubha nonina nodadewabo Mei. Emva koko, lo ngabahlolokazi uLouis IV ugqiba ukuthumela Alice ukuba bamkhulise umakhulu wakhe, esazi ukuba akayi kuba nako ukubuyisela unina. Uninzi xesha heiress ukuya itrone ichitha e-UK, i-Isle of Wight. Ngenxa yoko, ebuntwaneni iye yasetyenziselwa enqabeni eBalmoral, apho uninakhulu usoloko zibhuqiwe - Queen Victoria of England. Ababhali-mbali baye baphawula isisa ekhethekileyo nothando Victoria ukuba umzukulwana wakhe, yaye wambiza ngokuba 'ilanga wam ".

I elizayo neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya Alisa Gessenskaya wayehluke ukuthozama nenkuthalo kwizifundo zabo. A nempembelelo enkulu ebuntwaneni bakhe bonke ubukhosi yonqulo.

Utyelelo lokuqala ku Russia

Xa ndandineminyaka engama-12, Grand neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya ilifa Hesse kunye iRhine Alice watyelela eRashiya okwesihlandlo sokuqala. Ngowe-1884, udade wabo omdala Ella waba ngumfazi Russian Duke Sergei Alexandrovich. Kwaba kumsitho womtshato lady akubona Nicholas II - isikhulu, nyana loMlawuli Alexander III. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba nangoko wayethanda Alice. Waza UNikolai wayesele 16 ondele kuye luloyiko, ecinga yoMlawuli umntu ngokweminyakla kwaye ufundile elizayo. NeTshawekazi laseYork bashiya oneminyaka eli-12 ubudala abazihluphekelayo nabuganga kwakhona ukuba athethe Nicholas washiya Russia ngothando lula entliziyweni.

uqeqesho

Indima enkulu ukufundisa umntwana ukuba adlale Alice unqulo. Yena izicwangcwiso amasiko ezingcwele yaye kakhulu ozinikeleyo. Mhlawumbi ke titsongahata wakhe wafaka kamva wambetha Nicholas II. Uye wabonisa inzondelelo elungileyo kunye nezoluntu, wayenomdla kwipolitiki, imicimbi karhulumente kunye nobudlelwane amazwe. uthando lwakhe unqulo erhangqwe kwi nobugqi. Yena wayelithanda isifundo wezakwalizwi kunye theosophy, apho baphumelela kakhulu yaye kamva wafumana ubugqirha-bulumko kwiYunivesithi yaseCambridge.

Ubudlelwane kunye nomyeni elizayo Nicholas II kunye Wedding

Ngowe-1889, i-Grand neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya ilifa Alice of Hesse waphinde Petersburg. Apha yena wamenywa udade Ella kunye nomyeni wakhe. Emva kokuba umbutho ixesha elide kunye uNicholas II ngexesha kwiiveki 6 ezindlini Ibhotwe uSergiyo wakwazi ukufumana intliziyo unyana omdala umlawuli Russia. Xa amanqaku yakhe, njengokuba kudala njengoko 1916, uNicholas II uza kukuxelela ukuba intliziyo yakhe wayebanceda intombazana othobekileyo yaye elimnandi kunye nothando kuqala, kwaye sele kwintlanganiso yesibini, wayesazi ukuba uza amthabathe abe ngumfazi wakhe kuphela.

Kodwa ukhetho yakhe ayizange ekuqaleni ezivunyiweyo abazali baziincamisa. Yena yaqikelela lomtshato noHelen Luizoy Genriettoy, heiress Paris igrafu. Lo umtshato waba luncedo kakhulu ukuba umlawuli. Ukongeza, unina kwaba oyinzalelwane uNicholas Dane yaye akazange ayithande amaJamani. I-Alice efanayo kakhulu, babuyela ugogo komkhulu, waqalisa ukuhlola ngokubonakalayo imbali ulwimi Russian, wancokola ubhishophu Orthodox. Koroleva Viktoriya, ngubani bakuziva umzukulwana, ngoko nangoko evunyiweyo ukhetho yakhe kwaye ngandlela zonke ukuba ndimncede ukuba ukufunda inkcubeko entsha. udadewethu omdala Ella, wathabatha ixesha kunye negama Orthodox Elizabeth Feodorovna, umyeni wakhe, banceda abathandi imbalelwano. Kakade ke, ukuba uhlobo Duke Sergei Alexandrovich, udade lomyeni Alice, ezinxulumene intsapho yasebukhosini kuzisa ezininzi iingenelo.

Enye into embi intsapho Romanov wawusaziwa sifo INkosana Hesse ubukhosi. Ukoyika ziindlalifa sifo elizayo wambuza ubulumko ukhetho.

Nicholas II idayiman kwaye gqolo, akazange avume isicelo sobabalo unina Maria Feodorovna. Yanceda eyayithandana isiganeko entle kabuhlungu. Alexander III ngo-1893, ugula, kwaye kukho umbuzo malunga nothethathethwano ngokukhawuleza yindlalifa kwitrone kuqala. Buza kuba isandla Alisy uNikolay waya kakhulu, ngoAprili 2, 1894, yaye ngoAprili 6, kwathiwa kuthethathethwano. Emva kokufa loMlawuli Alexander III Alisa Gessenskaya wathabatha ukholo Orthodox, waza wafumana igama Alexandra Feodorovna. Hi ndlela leyi, umyeni wakhe xa bebudala intombazana ekuqaleni egama kuphela njengoko Alix - igama ngokudibanisa-2 - Alice ne Alexander. Umtshato kwafuneka liqhube ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kungenjalo emtshatweni uya kuba mthethweni, yaye Alice akazange acinge umfazi wakhe umlawuli omtsha, ngoko kwiveki ngaphantsi kwe emva komngcwabo kayise, uNicholas II watshata nomfazi intanda yakhe. Ababhali-mbali uqaphele ukuba nkqu bangen senzeke ngexesha ukuncwina isijwili ngokungathi ndinesiprofeto imeko Romanov ubukhosi.

imisebenzi karhulumente kunye nomsebenzi zezopolitiko

Alice Gessenskaya Aleksandra Fedorovna kwafuneka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu bakuqhele kwilizwe elitsha, ukuze siqhelane inkcubeko entsha. Abaphandi bathi mhlawumbi yaba utshintsho esikhawulezileyo kule meko nempembelelo ngoko ngamandla nobuntu Alexandra Feodorovna. Athobekile kwaye reserved, yena wavele yaba nekratshi, hypochondria kunye nomntu ngundlovu. UKumkanikazi wayeyintloko regiments eziliqela emkhosini, kuquka ngaphandle ubukhosi.

Ngoku ngokubonakalayo inxaxheba kumsebenzi wokunceda. Phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, intlangano unamathupha na, ezifana zokufihla intloko, izibhedlele, nkhathalelo imibutho emakhaya nasekuhlaleni. Waye wafunda kunjalo unyango kunye ngokobuqu kuncediswa lo msebenzi.

Ukubeka Alexandra

Isiganeko sokuqala ezingemnandi ebandakanya ubuqhophololo kubomi Alice of Hesse, umfazi Nicholas II, le nto ngenxa yokuba wayengakwazi kuzala unyana indoda oyintanda. Njengoba akuvuka ezalwa umfazi elizayo kwabamba, ngelinye intombi lowo wazalwa isiqalekiso ngenxa yezono ze utshintshe ukholo ukumbamba. eyimfihlakalo Kwalo kwabangela ukubonakala ibhotwe kaFilipu. Yaba charlatan ekuqaleni evela eFransi, ngubani likwazile ukweyisela uKumkanikazi ukuba unako ngomlingo kunceda ukunika umyeni wakhe indlalifa. UFilipu Akwazi ukweyisela Alexandra ukuba ukhulelwe, yaye kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa ukuhlala komkhulu. Esebenzisa ukumkanikazi yena bachaphazeleka kakhulu kwaye umlawuli ngokwakhe. Bawukhuphe kwaba kuphela emva kokuba ummangalelwa oogqirha malunga "ukukhulelwa bobuxoki".

Zihlobo kubomi Alexandra Feodorovna yaba inkundla uzuko. Phakathi kwabo ugxininisa Princess Baryatinsky, Baroness kunye sisidwangube Buxhowden Gendrikov, leyo babembiza Nastenka. Vala ubuhlobo ukumkanikazi ixesha elide kwakhokelela ekukruqulayo Vyrubovoy. Kwaba lo lady Alisa Gessenskaya - umfazi Nicholas II, lo wadibana Grigoriem Rasputinym, kamva nempembelelo ngamandla bayahlelwa bukhosi.

Phakathi Izifundo German neTshawekazi laseYork bashiya akazange ukuphatha ukufikelela uthando kunye nokuzinikela. Alexandra aphathwe kakubi abanye, ngaba kunqabile kuwo ukuva indumiso, okanye igama uhlobo.

Le indlalifa elide-ilindelwe ukuba itrone

Emva kokuzalwa iintombi ezine - Olga, Tatiana, Maria kunye Anastasia - esi sibini yasebukhosini iyatyhudisa ukufumana ozothatha etroneni. Kodwa kwenzeka ummangaliso, yaye ngowe-1904 unyana ekwakukudala lilindelwe, ogama Alexei. Ngethamsanqa akukho mda, ngaphandle kokuba gene kubazali bakhe nangoku iboniswe yempilo enkwenkwe. Yaqaliswa ngexesha kwinkundla Rasputin wamnceda ukumelana nesi sifo, njengoko amayeza aqhelekileyo akazange ukunika iziphumo ezihle. Le nyaniso wenza uGregory likufutshane indlu yakomkhulu.

Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Iminyaka yakhe yokugqibela baba buhlungu kwaye kube nzima ukuba Alexandra. Yena waye umama omangalisayo, intombi yakhe banceda ukwenza utyando esibhedlele waza wachitha ixesha lakhe elininzi kunye amajoni ababuleweyo, amalungu leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi.

Emva kokuba February Revolution, ukulandelelana urhulumente amatsha entsapho Romanovs yafakwa phantsi indlu yokubulawa kamva wathuma kubo bonke ukususela eSt Petersburg ukuya Tobolsk. Ngo-Epreli 1918 iiBolsheviks bafudukela ababanjwa Ekaterinburg, elisuke laba yokusabela yokugqibela yentsapho yasebukhosini. Nicholas II de kutshanje esoniwa nentsapho yakhe, kodwa ngobusuku July 17, 1918 onke amalungu entsapho Romanov waya ongaphantsi wadubula. Okuzibonela iziganeko waxelelwa ukuba, phantsi ukufa ethile, Alexandra wahamba intloko yakhe nkqo. Le ebusuku zasehlotyeni bagqiba ubukumkani Romanov ubukhosi.