Aleksandr Makedonsky

Aleksandr Makedonsky wazalwa ngo-356 BC. e., ngoJulayi, kusapho yasebukhosini. Indawo awazalelwa kuyo ndoda isixeko Pella. Alexander wakhokela imfundo epirets abatsha Z (nesalamane sikanina Alexander - Olimpiki). Ukususela 343 BC. e. Aristotle waphakamisa inkwenkwe. Ekubeni bafumana imfundo egqwesileyo ebuntwaneni, kamva uAleksandr Makedonsky waba ngomnye ngookumkani kunayo ngexesha lakhe. Sele ebuntwaneni wabonakalisa iimpawu ze kusoyisa elizayo.

Aleksandra Teacher Makedonskogo kwimizobo yemfazwe - uyise, uPhilip 2, owabulawa kwabalindi bakhe. Emva kokufa kukayise, amashumi amabini nyana weza etroneni. Into yokuqala irhuluneli entsha nya bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kwi iyelenqe nxamnye uFilipu 2 kunye ababangi kwezi kwetrone.

Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokuba anyukele etroneni yaqala amaphulo zomkhosi Aleksandra Makedonskogo.

Ukumkani omtsha waya emantla-ntshona le Balkan Peninsula. Akakhawulezi ngokwaneleyo laphula triballi bokuxhathisa kwaye yaseGetsemane, uAleksandr Makedonsky sayoyisa ehlonyelwe nommandla wayo. Ngaloo ndlela ke ukumkani mfana ukuba wayengekho ngaphantsi kuyise nantoni na.

Eli phulo elandelayo Alexander wafika ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo. imvukelo yaqala kwezinye iidolophu eGrisi. Ngumkhosi encinane Macedon ngokukhawuleza zicinezelwa yonke imvukelo.

Ekuqaleni kuka-334 BC. e. elinye ijoni eliselula ngumkhosi onamandla, wawela iDardanelles Strait, bangena kummandla wasePersi. umkhosi ezininzi lwezigalo Achaemenid wahlulwa kwelaseMakedoni. Ingqwayi enkulu , aya emizini lolwandle zamaGrike. Abahlali wabingelela abakhululi ngovuyo olukhulu. Tomivsheesya phantsi abantu idyokhwe wasePersi ivula esangweni baseMakedoni. Kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa, uLidiya kumazwe akhululwa yaye waqonda igunya lo kumkani uselula.

Ngo-333 BC. e. Oku kwenzeka kufuphi nedolophu Issa izigqibo edabini. Nangona ukongama imikhosi kathathu Achaemenid of Macedon boyisiwe. Ukumkani abatsha baya eBhabheli. Le ukoyisa wazisa isiphelo yaka ookumkani basePersi Achaemenid.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Alexander Omkhulu watshintsha emva kokuba kuthinjwe imizi ka-Asia Minor. Yena wafuna ukuhlanganisa oomaspala iyivume kwi lobukhosi olomeleleyo.

Emva amaphulo ngempumelelo e Central Asia, lo kumkani uselula waya India. Ngaloo mihla, imizekeliso ubutyebi enkulu kweli lizwe.

Nangona kunjalo, la mazwe Indian hayi ababenobuhlobo kusoyisa. Lwabemi olukhutshwa libuya ukumelana ikrakra. Ngo-326 BC. e., ehlotyeni, yaba wokugqibela ebomini edabini Enkulu enkulu kwi-Hydaspes River. Kulo kulwa lo kumkani uselula kumi ukumkani ngoku. Edabini, Alexander wenza Pora epheleleyo amoyise.

Emva kweli dabi, ukumkani oselula wagqiba ekubeni abuyele eBhabheli, wabahlula umkhosi ube zahlulo zithathu. Xa intloko enye warlord Macedonian ubeka Crater, omnye okhokelwa yedwa, kwaye eyesithathu wathumela elwandle, ukhokelwa warlord Niarchos.

Siye sadibana yonke imikhosi kwi kummandla ezipokothweni (amandulo asePersi). Yaphela kanjalo iphulo umlawuli mpuma owamenzayo enkulu. yokoyisa kwakhe ubukho kangangeminyaka elishumi. Igama elithi oluncinane kakhulu, ingakumbi xa ucinga nsimu enkulu Alexander likwazile ukufaka.

Ukumkani wabuyela eBhabheli, apho elinde kwimicimbi karhulumente. Kunye nale nto kulungiselelwa iphulo elizayo. Phambi kokuqala komhlangano, le veki, ukumkani wenza amalungiselelo isidlo yinzwakazi. Ngosuku olulandelayo Omkhulu uyagula - fever luqala, ubushushu. Yonke imihla, imeko uKumkani Enkulu iya isiba mandundu. Akabuyi ukuqaphela usapho, yena uqala ukuphulukana abazi lutho. imeko bikho ithatha iiveki ezimbini.

Kulo nyaka 323, phakathi kaJuni, phambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-33, uAleksandr Makedonsky wafa ephakamileyo yamandla ayo nobuqaqawuli.