Affairs Mingrelian kwimbali yiSoviet Union

NgoMatshi 5, 1953 wafa inkokeli eSoviet Union, iosif Vissarionovich Stalin. On kokufa kwakhe, wathi eendaba, abezopolitiko nkqu inxaxheba kwiziganeko ezininzi. Iimbambano ngendlela elungileyo okanye embi yaba ixesha imisebenzi kuStalin ziyaqhubeka unanamhla. Inzala kuwo bekungenjalo kakhulu okuqonda njengokuba imibono. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba siqwalasele umba ngokweenkcukacha Mingrelian, nto leyo ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo, Stalin akwazi ukugqiba.

Uhlaziyo kwekhosi kaStalin yaqala nesibakala sokuba Party Congress uqala Iseyinto ethandabuzekayo ukuba ingaba oko ityala lokwenyaniso Mingrelian nxamnye Beria.

Kweli nqanaba imbali eSoviet inamandla ezazimanyene iingxaki yesizwe eSoviet Union, ukuba akhe awawenzayo, nokwafumanekayo indawo yazo kumacala omabini zaseCaucasus Iintaba. Labantu bendawo yahlulwe iziduko, phakathi leyo eminyaka imfazwe. Amandla wenza lonakele nako ukusombulula iingxaki zoluntu. Kungenxa yale meko Mingrelian kungekudala ukuba usungulwe, ngokufutshane esichazwe kule migca.

Stalin emzantsi

Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo ka-1951 iosif Stalin wathumela kungasezantsi iholide yabo yokugqibela ebomini. Waye e Tskhaltubo, xa kufikwa uMphathiswa wezoKhuselo State (MGB) le-Georgian SSR UNikolai Rukhadze. Le ncoko wajika yokushiywa le Mensheviks eGeorgia. Ukongeza, Rukhadze ekuthethwe ngayo urhwaphilizo Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, isindululo nokudalwa umzimba ekhethekileyo ukulwa ukunyoba.

Hi ndlela leyi, le mibuzo zaphakanyiswa ngaphambili kunye Stalin uwagcine phaya emehlweni ngamaxesha onke emva kokuphela kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. "ILeningrad Affair", "ityala yesikhungu efihlakeleyo" kwisixeko Novokuznetsk kunye namanye amaphulo amaninzi ingcinezelo amacala ngamanye amaxesha zakhiwe, kodwa kwangaxeshanye isiseko sabo okulwa urhwaphilizo ayikwazanga, wawancamisa ekuhleni.

wathandana Mingrelian iqala nesibakala sokuba lo gama abasebenzi njengokutshayelwa MGB Rukhadze Georgia ezihlangwini wazinikayo up nokumelana komsindo ukusuka unobhala yesibini TSKKP (b) loMgaqo-Georgian SSR uMikhail Baramia kunye Lavrenti Beria, ngubani isekela Stalin.

Ukuqhambuka imfazwe phakathi Rukhadze nemivalo

Phakathi Mihailom Baramiey kunye Rukhadze iqala imfazwe yokwenene. Okufunwa kwenziwa ukuthumela lo ukhoyo uMphathiswa ukurhoxa lithethwe inani elikhulu izityholo. Ulingo Rukhadze iya kuqhubeka ngo-1955, xa Beria kufuneka abulawe, kunye Stalin uyafa. GB uMphathiswa Georgia ugqiba ukuba acele inkxaso iNkokeli Great, yaba linyathelo elihle kunene.

November 9, 1951 kushiya isigqibo sokuba sifumene isihloko "Ukunyoba eGeorgia malunga iqela anti-iqela yezitena." Nangona amanyathelo athatyathiweyo ukulwa urhwaphilizo, isiphumo ephunyelelweyo ukuba bekungenjalo kuchaziwe kokubhaliweyo sigqibo. Bekukwakho wabonisa ukuba izixhobo igunya e Georgia lonakele kwaye inikeza izicengo nokhuselo.

Ukongeza, isigqibo walatha into yokuba ukuba iqela Mingrelian ziya kunikwa ekwalile efanelekileyo, ukuze kubekho abantu abatsha baya kuqhubeka ishishini labo, mhlawumbi kwezinye iingingqi zeli lizwe. Kulo mzekelo, Communist Party yaseGeorgia, kusenokwenzeka ukuba isiba mbi zibe ziingceba eziliqela.

wathandana Mingrelian abizwa ngokuba, ngokutsho abasemagunyeni kwiqela Georgia kwa- Mingrelians. Baramia, Rapava, Shonija, CHICHINADZE kunye Kuchava balahlekelwe imisebenzi. Kuye kwacetyiswa ukuba ukuqala umsebenzi ubuxoki nxamnye nabo.

ngemibuzo

Yaqala uphando kunye uthotho khomiwile, ezibe ivela eMoscow abanamava basebenzi MGB. Le imibuzo eyathatyathiswa endleleni leyo kakhulu embhoxo Beria kunye Rukhadze: sebenzisa ezahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ummangalelwa wanika bavume bobuxoki. Okona kubi kakhulu kubo bonke abo kusetyenziswa ukunyanzela ngokwasemzimbeni: a mbanjwa ixesha elide ehleli kwigumbi ebandayo, izibhija iingalo zakhe uRian, wabethwa ngeentonga, ndayihluthwa ukulala ixesha elide, ngendlala, kwaye ngaphezulu. Wafumana "ubungqina" waya encotsheni, emva koko kwavunywa isigqibo malunga nobume Communist Party kwi-Georgian SSR. Oku ngelithi ukuba Georgia, iimpazamo neentsilelo umsebenzi abasemagunyeni babe ihamba ngokucotha okukhulu.

wathandana Mingrelian lwabonisa ukuba iqela ekhokelwa yi Baram izicwangciso abo. March 27 unobhala yokuqala CC CP (b) Candide Charkviani waphelelwa ngumsebenzi wakhe, yaye indawo yayo iya kuthathwa yi Alexei Mgeladze. Bekucingelwa ukuba utshintsho ngokusesikweni karhulumente, kwakunye utshaba Charkviani ehlelwe ngayo abantu ukuba benze oko Lavrenty Beria, ngubani kucetyiswa ukuba endaweni ngaphambili emsebenzini.

Beria akazange abe nobuganga ukungamthobeli ngesicelo iNkokeli Great, ngoko uwela phantsi yaza yabonisa kubo uphando. Kwakhona wabanjwa vardo Maksimelishvili owayesebenza Major Ukhuseleko State of Georgia yaye phantsi ukusekelwa Lavrenty Pavlovich. Uphando makangahlukani nendoda yakhe, owayesebenza MGB. July 16, 1953 Beria wavuma ukuba wayehlala Maksimelishvili phambi kokuba ndatshata.

Uphando wayefuna ukuya intloko Samegrelo, kodwa iosif Stalin wafa. Beria, ngubani wabubhekisa iSebe of Internal Affairs waseUSSR, iseke ikomiti ukuba uqwalasele izinto ezininzi, kuquka Mingrelian. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze ukukhulula abantu abazinikeleyo ukuba awazise kwizikhundla eziphezulu emva ngokunjalo ukuba amandla ezandleni zabo, kungekuphela Georgia kodwa sikarhulumente yonke.

Akhulule abantu, Beria wathi buqu Stalin wathumela ukuba esiphelweni. Ngaphezu koko, oko unxulunyaniswa Georgia, ibuza malunga nenkqubela ityala Mingrelian ukubonisa ukunganeliseki. Inkokeli wafuna ukusebenzisa amanyathelo emzimbeni, ukuze ekugqibeleni ukufumana ingqalelo.

iziphumo

Aprili 10, 1953, kwaye waqonda ukuba iqela Mingrelian ungekabikho nokuba ityala nxamnye naye nto nje njengasengcaphukisweni. Amathathu anesixhenxe wabanjwa kwimeko akhululwa kwimo ngokupheleleyo, kodwa uninzi lwabo kwakhona uvaleleke entolongweni, kodwa kwimeko Beria.

Beria nabaxhasi bakhe bakwazi ukwenza loo mandla e Georgia, kwicala embi leyo eye kuba yinto eqhelekileyo kulo lonke USSR. Kakade ke, kukho iwayini Stalin, ngaphandle apho "berivschina" kwakungayi ixesha enilichithe. Ezithethelela sinokuthi ukuba Stalin ngubani waba ngowokuqala ukuba ijongane babi kwezobuRhulumente eGeorgia.