Zintsholongwane "Linezolid": imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa, isasetyenziswa ixabiso, ifomu ukukhululwa kunye nohlaziyo

Uninzi amayeza eyaziwa izifo iintsholongwane okanye wentsholongwane efanele ngemithi eziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho kwamagciwane bebeziqhelanisa babizwa ngokuba iimeko nosocomial. Le ulwe nabo ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu, kuba amachiza amaninzi nje azisebenzi. Zintsholongwane "linezolid" libhekisela kwabo iziyobisi ngayo oko kungenziwa izifo nosocomial ekuthiwa-okanye ezinye ukumelana kwezinye iindidi zamachiza. Yiloo ngayo kwaye kuya kuxoxwa ngazo kweli nqaku.

incazelo

"Linezolid" imiyalelo Drug isebenza elwa ngokubanzi-omoya. Ngokweempawu zalo ezingundoqo iimpawu engumniniyo ukuba oxazolidinone iklasi ukuba amandla kunye noluhlu inyathelo nxamnye ezincinane kwiinkalo ezininzi bebakhulu ichiza "Vancomycin" kunye nezinye iimveliso kunye sisincoko efanayo.

Namhlanje, kukho iindidi ezininzi elwa arhente "linezolid". ifomu Product, bavame isetyenziswa kunyango, - a macwecwe inwebu iqokobhe equlethe 400 okanye 600 mg na into esebenzayo. Ukongeza, xa yezonyango isisombululo ukumnika isoloko isetyenziswa, nto milliliter nganye iqulethe 2 mg wenkqu esebenzayo kunye nomgubo (granules) ukulungiselela ukunqunyanyiswa, uyazikhomba isithako esebenzayo leyo 100 mg ngamnye 5 ml imveliso yokugqibela.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambilana kweli nqaku, ichiza manual "Linezolid" umyalelo lithethelela ukuba usebenzise ubukho izifo ezibangelwa iintsholongwane ezixhathisayo kwezinye antibiotics. Ezi ziquka zombini gram-HIV kunye gram-HIV Cya lilungu anaerobic okanye iintlobo aerobic ukuba ziye ukumelana (uzinzo) ukuya methicillin, iikhompawundi gikopeptidnym, penicillin kunye nezinye antibiotics.

Uluhlu kwezifo apho i "linezolid" medicament uqeqesho iquka:

• esibhedlele okanye lufundiwe kuluntu pneumonia;
• izifo esikhumbeni;
• izifo kwizihlunu ezithambileyo;
• Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa Enterococcus zintsholongwane ezingatshiyo.

Njengomgaqo, phambi kokuba usebenzise olu phando olwenziwe iziyobisi ukuchonga ukungawi kwamagciwane kwamanye amachiza. Ukuba Akufumanekanga na, unyango lwenziwa ngoncedo kwamanye amachiza elwa.

Izimo

Le contraindication engundoqo kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu ukusetyenziswa olwa imiyalelo 'Linezolid' ukuba ukusetyenziswa uthetha hypersensitivity kuyo. Kwakhona akukho Kucetyiswa ukuba basebenzise eli chiza ukunyanga izigulane bathabatha namanye amachiza ukusuka kwiqela ka Mao inhibitor. Ukongeza, ukuba akukhuthazwa ukuba le arhente kunye lakhula tricyclic zingangeni nabakwaziyo ukukhulisa uxinzelelo lwegazi (epinephrine, dopamine, kunye nezinye triptan).

Ukulungiselela "linezolid" (tablets, umxube nokubandakanywa kunye oluludaka) liyahlonyelwa contraindicated kuzo izifo ezifana lwegazi, hyperthyroidism, okanye seratoninovy carcinoid syndrome, feohromotsitoz. Ubukho kwezi Izimo kufuneka ibonwe phambi kokuqala unyango usebenzisa ichiza.

Indlela yesenzo iziyobisi emzimbeni

Action "Linezolid" iziyobisi ngenxa ngamandla ayo ukuvala inkqubo translation izakhiwo iiprothini kwiiseli ze iintsholongwane. Ngenxa kunyebeleziso ezincinane iyakuvingca kwaye kukho ukufa kwabo. Ukumelana beziyobisi uninzi iintsholongwane oluvelayo ngokucothayo kakhulu.

Emva nokudla isithako esebenzayo ichiza yenza glycine metabolite hydroxyethyl. The degree of kunxulumano lwayo iiproteni plasma lifumane yokusebenza-31%. Zaselebhu izifundo zophondo zifumanise ukuba nezixandileyo lingena singene zonke izicwili kunye namaziko. Kwakhona unalo ukukwazi kugqitha ngumkhaya kulo ubisi mbungu kunye ibele (le impahla ichiza kubonakaliswe iingcebiso ezithatha ichiza abafazi abakhulelweyo kunye phindeke).

Kwisiqingatha ubomi ukwimo esebenzayo kunye metabolite yayo idubule ziiyure 4.5-5. Kukhuthaza yokubathumela inkqubo wokuchama (50% njengendlela metabolite ne-35% yayinjalo), kwaye nge wokugaya (hayi ngaphantsi kwe-9%). Zalisa kukhuthaza kwenzeka kwisithuba seeyure 8-12 emva kokufumana medicament.

Indlela ukuthatha "Linezolid"

Iingcali zibonisa ukuba kwiimeko ezininzi umguli akakwazi ngokuzimeleyo ukwenza isigqibo malunga nendlela lolwamkelo esikolweni "Linezolid" iziyobisi. Qaphela, tablets, izisombululo kunye emulsions ezo ezijongwa amalungiselelo eyahlukileyo, kwaye njengendlela iziyobisi, equlethe kule ngongoma iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo. Apha ngezantsi kukho iingongoma ezingundoqo malunga idosi ixesha unyango.

Medicine "Linezolid" yemiyalezo kubonisa usebenzisa schemes zilandelayo:

1. A Isisombululo ukumnika ilawulwa yegazi izihlandlo 2 ngosuku. A idosi enye ye- into esebenzayo 400-600 mg. Ubude unyango kuxhomekeke ebukhulwini sifo zalapha yayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izifo ezininzi kufuna ixesha ubuncinane 10 kwaye kungekho ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezingama-14, yaye kuphela izifo ezibangelwa enterococci, unyango ithatha iiveki ezi-2 ukuya ku-4.
2. Ukulungiselela "linezolid" (tablets) sithathwa amaxesha 2 ngosuku isixa of mg 400 okanye 600 ulwamkelo nganye. Izigulane abaneminyaka eyi-5 ukuya kwi-14, idosi ibalwa ngokusekelwe ubunzima bomzimba yaye-10 mg nganye 1 kg ubunzima bomzimba, amaxesha 2 ngemini. Ithamo eliphezulu ingestion (p.o.) nganye mayingabi ngaphezu 600 mg. Ubude uthomalaliso emiselwe efanayo imida ethathelwe ingqalelo ngasentla.
3. Granules, ezenziwe i emulsion, isicelo yi-scheme ngasentla. oyidlayo ukubala xa oko kuyimfuneko ukuze enze ngokwesikhokelo efanayo.

Ekubeni "Linezolid" ichiza eyabelwe kuphela ngokumiselwa kwaye isetyenziswa kuphela esibhedlele, i libanda kwale ndawo kunye ukubonakala iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngokukhawuleza ukuba phantse neengcambu. Oogqirha ukubuyekeza kwabo wakhankanya amatyala wayenemfuyo kwemfuneko umzimba lwesiyobisi iziyobisi esebenzayo kunye metabolites yayo ngenxa ukuphazamiseka amalungu wokuchama kunye esibindini. Imiphumo ngaphezulu ezinjalo zidla ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kususwe, njengoko isigulane uphathwa phantsi kweliso lomgadi ziingcali.

imithi

Ukususela enye kwezo umthamo ichiza "linezolid" ilungiselelwe zolawulo efakwa, kubalulekile ukuba ichiza isebenzisane ngokupheleleyo kunye nezisombululo ezisisiseko kusetyenziswa ngexesha unyango (isisombululo iswekile-5%, 0.9% isisombululo sodium chloride kunye nesisombululo Iringa ngayo).

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwi imeko izigulane, ngubani ukongeza "Linezolid" uthathe iziyobisi adrenergic. Ukuba ukulahlwa epheleleyo yokugqibela akwenzeki, amagqirha kufuneka ngokutsha balawule zabo.

Medicine "Linezolid '(efanayo kumafa nako lifike kuyo) iyahambisana ngokupheleleyo amachiza" Chlorpromazine "," Cotrimoxazole "" Diazepam "yaye" Phenytoin ". Ukuba isigulana phambi kokuba isicelo olwa uyamthabatha uthe iindlela kuyimfuneko ukugcina interval iintsuku ezi-3 phambi ukulungiselela unyango "linezolid".

oyi

Njengoko iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo malunga nokusebenzisa imithi "Linezolid" yemiyalezo iqulethe ingcaciso enxulumene abafazi abakhulelweyo kunye nabantu comorbidities ezikhoyo. Ukongeza, salatha amathuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Ke ulwamkelo "Linezolid" ncomo kweziyobisi loogqirha ethetha isilumkiso ekhethekileyo xa kubhalwa abafazi abakhulelweyo kunye phindeke. Oku kungenxa yokuba ifuthe ichiza ekukhuleni kosana olungekazalwa okanye umntwana usana sele ngokwaneleyo efunda. Ngokubanzi, unyango kunye ukusetyenziswa kwayo uyacebiswa kuphela ukuba ingozi olungekazalwa kakhulu ngezantsi inzuzo ezilindelekileyo kunina.

A nzima uxabane ukusilela hepatic, nazo zifuna isicelo ngononophelo ichiza, kuba metabolites kwazona ikakhulu kwezi amalungu, kunye nokwanda ezi zinto kubo ukonakala malunga nesigulane eso.

imiphumela emibi

Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo kuqwalaselwe zonyango, reactions engathandekiyo amalungu ezahlukeneyo neenkqubo enkhubyeni wa vukati zintsholongwane "linezolid" amaninzi kuchaphazela iinkqubo luvo esiswini. Malunga ne-10% ezigulane ngexesha unyango babonakala isicaphucaphu kunye yintloko. A kancinane kangako baxhalatyiswa urhudo zabo, isiyezi, kunye candidiasis kwi isifo ngomlomo.

Ukongeza, iingcali wabonisa iziphumo ezifana engamkelekanga ichiza njengoko peripheral neuropathy, ukuxhuzula, ongaboniyo (ukuya ilahleko ogcweleyo), thrombocytopenia, serotonin syndrome, angioedema kunye nokothuka anaphylactic. Ngenxa yokuba ichiza lisetyenziswa kuphela kwindawo esibhedlele, imiphumo esoloko kakhulu kuyathintelwa.

Unyango kwabonakala reactions engathandekiyo kwicala lingaze kunye neenkqubo. Ukususwa ichiza kunokwenzeka kuphela xa ubuzaza yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga yingxaki enkulu ngaphezu sifo liphathwa ingqalelo isibulala-zintsholongwane.

Drug analogue "Linezolid"

Kubafundi mhlawumbi unombuzo malunga nokuba i "Linezolid" analogue beziyobisi apho. Kakade ke, imarike amayeza ukuba epheleleyo, oko has a amachiza ezimbalwa ezifanayo ezi kuqamba elwa. La machiza ubalisa abangamaSerb zintsholongwane "Zeniks" Norwegian "zyvox" Israel "Linezolid Teva". Ukubunjwa zonke ezi iziyobisi njengoko into ephambili esebenzayo yayiquka linezolid.

Ingaba kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kweenjongo iindlela kunye nokulungiselela "Linezolid 'ezidweliswe ngasentla? Ixabiso amachiza - yiloo umahluko omkhulu. Inyaniso kukuba ukuba ukwakhiwa enye, la machiza benza emzimbeni womntu kwi ncam: ulwa magciwane efanayo, ukuba iziphumo ezifanayo ezibi ke Izimo efanayo. Akukho kakhulu amagama ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zonyango kunye balawule.

Njengoko umthetho, kokukhona ebiza kakhulu analogue amazwe "Linezolid" zintsholongwane ezisetyenziswa xa kunokwenzeka ukuba eli chiza ethile engekho drugstores. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwayo loluhlu olubanzi izigulane nzima ngenxa enemithi kwaye ungayibaxi ezishelfini ziya ayilungiseki namnye kwikhonkco ekhemesti. Kule ezincinane ukubhukisha iqela iziyobisi kunye, ngoko ke, ithuba kwenyeindawo abanye ukuba athengise yonke imfuyo yakhe.

Iindleko ichiza

Le imithi kwiqela oxazolidinone lo abe ixabiso eliphezulu ngenxa kuyondelelaniswe entsonkothileyo multistep ukwimo kwiilebhu amayeza. Yintoni ixabiso iziyobisi "Linezolid"? Amacwecwe (umxholo engundoqo into esebenzayo 600 mg, pack lamaqhosha 10) ngamatyathanga kwikhemesti okungenani 18 amawaka. Elona xabiso liphezulu le fomu idosi ichanekile 20 lamawaka engange nganye amacwecwe-10. Kancinci zitshiphu ke amachiza ne nedosi ye-400 mg. ixabiso layo engange malunga 17-18 yewaka amacwecwe-10.

Ewiliko for ukumnika "Linezolid" ungathenga kancinci zitshiphu: pack of iipakethi 10 ml 100 liya kuxabisa 7.5-9 amawaka engange, imiqulu-10 ka-300 ml nganye - ngo 15,3-16,2 amawaka engange.

Zezomntu izicwangciso igama elifanayo, apho abiza kakhulu, amaxesha amaninzi babhenela ukuba abe ukuqhatha, kwi kakuhle, kuba nafuthe emzimbeni wakhe. Noko ke, ulibaziseko kunyango ngenxa sifo, nto leyo inceda balahle olwa 'Linezolid' ngokwayo kuyingozi kakhulu. Yiyo loo nto iingcali Siyaleza ukufumana amayeza kuphela ezikhemisti kunye igama elihle.

Izimvo malunga zintsholongwane "Linezolid"

imithombo ezahlukeneyo kunqabile ukufumana ukubuyekeza zintsholongwane kule klasi. Oku kusebenza ngokukodwa kulwazi malunga wokwamkelwa kwakhe, izigulane ezichazwe. Oku kungenxa yokuba uninzi lwezigulane ngexesha yonyango zikwimeko embi kakhulu, niyikhumbule yonke nokugqithisela-phambili eziva kubo kunzima kakhulu.

Iingcali, nto, ukuphendula amayeza "Linezolid" kakhulu entle. Ngokutsho kwabo, ichiza uyakwazi ukumelana nkqu iintsholongwane kakhulu ukumelana. Bakhomba kwakhona ukuba ingozi kubunzima ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye libanda, kuyinto engekhoyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-zintsholongwane isetyenziswa kuphela xa izakhelo esibhedlele. Xa uphawu lokuqala komzimba okanye ezichaseneyo ichiza zenziwa zonke iinkqubo zonyango eziyimfuneko nya.

Ngoko, thina, ndakubona konke iinkcukacha ichiza "linezolid". Imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa, ixabiso kunye reactions lweziyobisi olunokubakho ezichazwe kweli phepha ngokweenkcukacha. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba, nangona iindleko eziphezulu ichiza, ukusetyenziswa kwalo wagwetyelwa onke amatyala. Ukuze isigqibo unyango izigulane kuphela igqirha iziyobisi ngayo.