Zeziphi iifayile? uhlobo lwefayile

Ngoku Iikhompyutha babe yinxalenye enkulu ebomini bethu. Yiloo nto, zonke ngoku kufuneka ukwazi iikhonsepthi zisisiseko kwaye ngokoMthetho. Enye ingqiqo ezininzi ezingundoqo, ekufuneka uyazi umsebenzisi ngamnye - fayile.

Zeziphi iifayile? Naluphi na ulwazi egcinwe kwi computer lugcinwe kwiifayili. Ifayile - yeyona incinane kwiyunithi lolwazi, ndoxelelwa ngubani ethetha, i "object" yedijithali. ixesha ngasinye, ukugcina umzobo, ingoma, imovie, umbhalo, uyila fayile. ikhompyutha nganye iqulathe inani elikhulu leefayile. Nokuba kwi computer elitsha, apho abelibeke nje malunga enye ikhulu lamawaka inkqubo yokusebenza.

ukuqonda njani iifayile ezininzi kangaka? Okokuqala, ifayile nganye igama ngamnye, kwaye, ngaphezu koko, ukwanda. Ulwando kubonisa uhlobo lwefayile kunye nenjongo yawo. Okwesibini, iifayile bangabi zigalelwe mfumba-nye, babeka phezu kwindawo eyodwa ebizwa eneenkcukacha. Iqela ngalinye iifayile, yokuhlanganisa umsebenzi jikelele, isihloko, okanye nantoni na eyenye, ilele eneenkcukacha yayo. Ngenxa yoko, kubulelwe kwigama ngamnye, ukwandiswa, kunye nento yokuba yonke Ifayile endaweni ekhethekileyo, kulula ukuqonda ukwahluka iifayile kwi computer yakho.

Indlela ukuwufunda iifayile? Yintoni na le nto okanye ukwandiswa? Ngokuqhelekileyo, zonke iifayile zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela ezininzi:

• amaxwebhu - iifayile eziqulathe ikakhulu ulwazi itekisi, ezi fayili zidalwe yi abasebenzisi ngokwabo kwi ngokukodwa wadala le nkqubo;
• iifayile zethala - ezi fayile ziqulathe ubuchule ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzisa le nkqubo;
• halyards ephunyeziweyo - iifayile, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ekuqaleni ukusebenza kulo okanye loo program.

Ukuze akukacaci ukuba zeziphi na kula maqela ziquka ifayile ethile, izandiso zixhaphakileyo, iintlobo wefayile kufuneka ukwazi. Emva koko ke emehlweni nje ifayile injongo yayo kucaca. An isandiso ezintathu okanye ezine yokugqibela oonobumba egameni ifayile phambi isandiso kusoloko ingongoma. Mu kuya kwa nshita igama lefayile, leyo angaqulatha onobumba zombini Russian kwaye IsiNgesi, ukwandiswa lusoloko ebhalwe kuphela Latin.

• exe - in parlance eqhelekileyo, ezi fayili kudla ngokubhekiswa kuzo ekzeshniki. Zeziphi iifayile, nokwenziwayo? Basonta iqela iifayile ephunyeziweyo. Xa uqala ukusebenza iqalisa program, umzekelo, umdlalo okanye umhleli wokubhaliweyo.
• com - namhlanje, ezi fayili azisetyenziswa, ukuba inokufumaneka kuphela kwiinkqubo ezindala kakhulu. Eneneni, analogue iifayile ekzeshnyh phantsi MS DOS yokusebenza.
• bat - iifayile lesi sandiso ukubaleka ezinye iifayile eziliqela ngokulandelelana. Eyona ngoyena usetyenziswa rhoqo iifayile olu hlobo lo autoexec.bat, nto leyo esiqhutywa ngexesha nasemva abaleke zonke iinkqubo ezifunekayo ngoko nangoko emva kokukhutshelwa lugqityiwe.
• cfg - ezi fayile ziqulathe parameters zenkqubo ethile.
• dll - iifayile zamathala eencwadi.
• hlp - ngale ulwandiso lwefayile ziqulathe izikhombisi kwi program.
• dat - iifayile eziqulathe ulwazi iinkqubo zokusebenza.

Zonke izandiso ilandelayo uphawu ngenxa iifayile ephunyeziweyo. Bona ngokwabo inxalenye yenkqubo, ngokuchaseneyo kusetyenziswa iinombolo emithathu yokuqala, kodwa ebotshelelwe nganye kwinkqubo yayo, kwaye iifayile ezivuliweyo. Umzekelo, ukuvula ifayile yombhalo, uya kuqhuba ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye umhleli wokubhaliweyo, kwaye umdlali audio okanye ividiyo ifayile iqala. Ngoko ke, ukuze usebenzise ezi fayile, kufuneka ube kwi khompyutha yakho ze kuyimfuneko.

• txt, doc, docx - into yanda iifayile zokubhaliweyo esetyenziswa yi abahleli yombhalo ezahlukeneyo.
• htm, html - amaxwebhu kunye amakhonkco aphezulu. Zeziphi iifayile amakhonkco aphezulu? Ukusuka komnye, yahluke kwi ukuba yokukhangela kubo ikhutshwa phandle ekuthe-iimbekiselo ezizodwa.
• mp3, phakathi, wav - eqhelekileyo arekhodiweyo.
• avi, mpeg4, dvix, mkv, MOV - ividiyo phantsi Izandiso ezinjalo ifihliwe.
• jpg, BMP, png, gif - The ezininzi eziqhele ukusetyenziswa nezandiso imifanekiso, iifoto kunye neminye imifanekiso.
• Gerare, yeTLD_COUNTRY - iifayile archive. Yintoni lwefayile esendaweni yogcino? Ezi fayile wadala ngokusebenzisa inkqubo archiver. Nkcukacha iifayile ukuze bathathe indawo ngaphantsi kwi hard drive yakho.

Ngenxa yobulungisa ezingenakwahlulwa neefayili ezinxulumeneyo enye ingqiqo - inkqubo lwefayile. Kuba flash and hard drive kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba ukhethe inkqubo efanelekileyo ifayile.