Yintoni rinotsitogramma? Ziqonde sisithethe ebantwaneni, inkcazo yenkqubo kunye ndimlungiselele

iinkqubo ukudumba em- ngeempumlo, - ingxaki enkulu kakhulu ebantwaneni. Amaxesha amaninzi ukuze abazali wayisa unyango ephosakeleyo nokuthimliswa ezingapheliyo, ngenxa yokuba kukho iintlobo ezininzi izifo ezifana kunye ngamnye kufuna ukusetyenziswa iindlela ezithile unyango.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumanisa uxilongo. Ukuze wenze oku, olwenziwe rinotsitogramma. Ziqonde kwasala esuka empumlweni aya kuqinisekisa ubukho sifo kwaye achaze iimpawu yawo.

Yintoni rinotsitogramma

Rinotsitogramma i uhlalutyo olunzulu microflora le sinuses. Ngokuba lo smear waluthathayo impumlo ngeempumlo secretion. Loo indlela yophando kuthetha Luqikelelo inani leeseli ezifana:

• lymphocyte;
• iiseli ezibomvu;
• neutrophils;
• epithelium ciliated;
• macrophage;
• amagwele;
• eosinophils.

Ngoncedo lophando banethuba ukuba ngawaphi iintsholongwane amgibile ukuvela ingqele eqhelekileyo ukuba umlo kakhulu ngempumelelo kunye naye.

Izinto ezibonisa ukuba inkqubo

Uhlalutyo smear Rinotsitogramma buyasuswa isifo ngeempumlo. Le nkqubo omiselwe abadala kunye nabantwana. Amaxesha amaninzi, azihlole wabelwe ukuba abantu babe amanqaku kudala ezinzileyo iimpumlo ezivuzayo okanye rhoqo ukwenzeka yosulelo yokuphefumla phecana.

iqela High-risk ibandakanya:

• abantwana;
• Abantu abanamajoni elibuthathaka omzimba;
• ilungu ukufakelwa;
• abantu abanesifo seswekile.

Nakanjani, olu phando wabelwa ukuba ogulayo izikhalazo enye okanye eziliqela, ezizezi:

• ukuxinana ngeempumlo, yaphawula ngaphezulu ngeveki;
• iimpumlo ezivuzayo, kodwa ziyanyangeka;
• uthimla;
• abafuna ngayo isifo ngeempumlo.

Olu hlahlelo kunokuba elula, engaquki esingenakubangela naliphi na ukungakhululeki umntwana.

Ukulungiselela kocingo ngasese

Izigulane ezininzi bazibuza indlela yokwenza rinotsitogrammu nendlela ukulungiselela isifundo. Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezichanekileyo, kufuneka ukuba ukulandela imithetho ethile. Kwiintsuku ezimbini phambi uhlalutyo ucingo kufuneka simiswe ukusebenzisa namafutha aqholiweyo ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi nangaphandle empumlo. Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa amathontsi okanye kufafazwa eziqulathe ezindaweni nokubunjwa kwayo antibacterial kunye corticosteroids.

iintsuku ezi-5 phambi nokuqokelelwa kwezinto kufuneka uyeke ukuthatha antibiotics. Akukho mfuneko yokuba ngamanzi sinuses ngosuku phambi kokuthatha smear, kwakunye imini kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukuxukuxa amazinyo, basele amanzi kuphela.

Iimpawu ze inqubo

Rinotsitogramma umntwana nomntu omdala lubanjwe naliphi ixesha, kodwa oku kakuhle kwenziwe ngexesha sikwinqanaba lokuqala sifo. Ukuqhuba analysis isampuli ngendlela elula. Le nkqubo ke yalula ngokupheleleyo, yaye akuyomfuneko ukuba woyike nto, nkqu nabantwana.

Ukwenza umzekelo umbandela, isigulane ke ugiba emva intloko kancinane, kwaye ugqirha okanye umongikazi usebenzisa i swab cotton ukuthatha imali efunekayo izinto ukulungiselela isifundo. Kanye inkqubo efanayo kufuneka kwenziwe namanye ikhala. Okulandelayo, ezi Iisampulu babekwa kwisikhongozelo ezizodwa, ezizodwa medium lwezondlo efunekayo ukuze ukukhula ezincinane.

Amaxesha amaninzi, ukuze ukufumana iziphumo ezichanekileyo ngakumbi ugqirha angasebenzisa i mbhobho wokuhlola. Esinjalo isifundo lwenziwa phantsi Ukubulawa yasekuhlaleni. Olu hlobo lwezinto ucingo uhlalutyo ebangela ezinye kabi kuba yenziwa ukususela sinuses paranasal. Le nkcazelo iziphumo ithathwa ulwazi ngakumbi, njengoko ingasetyenziswa ukuqinisekisa ubukho neutrophils e smear egazini.

Yintoni na iiseli kuhlalutyo

Qhuba inkcazo yesiphumo kufuneka ube ngugqirha oqeqeshwe, njengokuba yena uyazi ukuba izakhi indlela uhlalutyo (rinotsitogrammu). Ngeempumlo isifo ubunjwe iiseli ezininzi, nganye kuzo ezisebenza umsebenzi ethile. Ukuba yangaphakathi ukufumana iintsholongwane okanye neentsholongwane, ngoko ukujongana nazo kwandisa inqanaba iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Ezi seli inxaxheba ukuyilwa sifo.

Ukwanda iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ibonisa ubukho zokugula emzimbeni, kwaye ngaphezu kwesinye kula maqhezu leukocyte ibonisa unobangela sifo. Emva ukunxibelelana kumphezulu ngeempumlo isifo zamavumba i uxabane. Kungenxa ukuyilwa phezu eosinophils mucosal. Ukongeza, ngethuba lophando inokufumaneka epithelia neentsholongwane.

Ummiselo abantwana nabantu abadala

Isifundo ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uyazi into eqhelekileyo kwi rinotsitogramme abantwana. Abawacazululayo itheyibhile ukufumanisa mzobo oluqhelekileyo owahluliweyo sinuses kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana.

Okubhalwe kwezi seli akwenzeki njalo, oko kunokwahluka imini yonke. Kusasa okanye ngokuhlwa, eli nani lincitshiswe malunga-20%, kwaye ebusuku kufuneka lenyuke nge-30%.

Ekwenzeni le khowudi yasiwa kumbhalo izinga rinotsitogrammy of eosinophils ebantwaneni kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala kufuneka 0-7, kunye nabantwana abadala ngaphezu kweminyaka 4 zithathelwa amanani ingqalelo abantu abadala. Ezinye izalathi wohlalutyo zixhomekeke ubudala bomntwana, ngoko ukutyhilwa kweziphumo kufuneka wenze kugqirha.

ukusebenza kokuhlaziya

Ukuze ubone ingcambu unobangela elide na odlulayo ebandayo, ngexesha uphindaphindo ukubala ubudlelwane oluninzi phakathi iiseli. Xa kuhlalutywa rinotsitogrammy (zokucazulula) kwi leukocytes eziqhelekileyo abantwana kufuneka babe ngenxa ukuya iiyunithi ezimbalwa. Xa ukuhamba usuleleko kunye nokudumba konyuso lwabo lwamanani.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, neutrophils kufuneka 1-3%. Phambi uhlobo ziibhakteriya nokuthimliswa, sinusitis okanye sinusitis inani labo liyanda kakhulu ngokomlinganiselo ngobunzulu nokuntsonkotha nokuqukuqela inkqubo arhabaxa. Oku kubonakala inkangeleko shinyi obhobhozayo ngeempumlo esimthubi okanye oluhlaza. Ekuqaleni, lo igciwane lohlobo ukuba nzima yintsholongwane, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba inani neutrophils angandiswa ngaxeshanye lymphocyte.

Kokuhlaziya (normal) rinotsitogrammy ebantwaneni lubonisa ukuba iiseli ukuba ngaphezu kwe-5%. Ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwamanqanaba lymphocyte nga kubonisa ubukho yomkhuhlane, parainfluenza, adenovirus, okanye nayiphi na enye igciwane lohlobo. Ngaphezulu, inombolo yabo kwandiswa nokuthimliswa ezigulo ezondeleyo.

Ukubakho ekuhlalutyeni ngaphezu kwe-10% ibonisa ubukho eosinophils emzimbeni hay fever, okanye nokuthimliswa umzimba. Ayisoloko imi isifundo ukuqwalasela inani le epithelium, kodwa kukho inani elikhulu kubonisa bakhe kwenzeka emzimbeni ngexesha ukudumba.

Xa ziqonde rinotsitogrammy eqhelekileyo abantwana kufuneka ibe yiseli ebomvu. Ukuba ubani uyakwazi ukuthetha malunga nokuphuma lomkhuhlane, njengoko erythrocytes kulo mzekelo ukungena imithambo yegazi thinned em- ngeempumlo.

Le microflora ngesiqhelo negative, uhlobo kunjalo, ukuba ukho, ngoko kule meko ke ezichongiweyo losuleleko ye gciwane. Magciwane ezingenzeka ngethuba iintsholongwane okanye viral nokuthimliswa nokuthimliswa.

Ukuba iziphumo eziqhelekileyo, kwaye iimpumlo ezivuzayo ayilwamkeli

Ukuba rinotsitogramma abantwana eziqhelekileyo, kunye nempumlo esihambisayo sithatha ixesha elide, oko kube ngumqondiso of:

• vasomotor nokuthimliswa;
• nokuthimliswa-eyabangelwa iziyobisi;
• nezinye iintlobo nokuthimliswa.

Vasomotor nokuthimliswa kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi. Oku waphawula ikakhulu phantsi koxinzelelo kwaye phantsi kwempembelelo umoya obandayo. Nokuthimliswa medicamentosa kunokuqala ngenxa yokusetyenziswa elide vasoconstrictors. Ngaphezu koko, ingqele eqhelekileyo kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba ukuphazamiseka yonyango kunye neenkqubo luvo.

Zonke ezi ukuphazamiseka kufuna ukuqhubela phambili kunye nonyango olubanzi.