Yintoni okuphambili? intsingiselo

Phantse imbali yonke ukuphumelela abantu abaninzi abafuna ukuphila ubomi obutofotofo. Ntoni le ngcamango awayesibawela, apho kwathi ngolwimi Russian ize iguqulelwe kwezinye othanda? Sazise malunga noko.

Intsingiselo 'ubuncwane "kwi Dictionary

Phantse zonke izichazi-Russian ingqalelo sisibizo lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela ebomini ngobutyebi. Into igama kuphela ubutyebi, kodwa zonke iingenelo ngokuncamisileyo, nkqu iimfuno ezininzi ngenkani abachubekileyo.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, kule omkhulu umsebenzi Ozhegova, intsingiselo lungelelanisa bobobunewunewu kukuthi ngentetho evakalayo ngakumbi embi kunaleyo lakwaEfrayim, kunye Dalia. Ngoko ke, Sergei ucacisa sisibizo nje izinto eziphathekayo kwemfuneko neziyolo.

Dmitriy Nikolaevich Ushakov kwisichazi-magama sakhe, ukongezelela onke amaxabiso ngasentla, eyokuqala wacebisa kuphela sisebenzisa igama elithi "iziyolo" njenge isenzi (nangona ukuba sisibizo). Kusenokwenzeka ukuba isiko elinjalo lusekiwe ababhali, humorists Ilf kunye Petrov. Ngoko inoveli yabo yesibini malunga adventures le wobuqhophololo ebukekayo yaye wasisebenzisa Ostap Bender ( "The Golden ithole"), kukho ibinzana elithi "imoto - hayi ubutofotofo kodwa intshukumo lithetha", nto leyo namhlanje kudala waba yokulwa. Ukuba sicinga ukuba kwinoveli kwaphuma ngowe-1931, kunye nemiqulu ezine "acacisayo Dictionary ulwimi Russian" Ushakov aye apapashwa kulo 1935-1940. - icace phandle, i yolwimi omkhulu abhalwe nje trend imibala yokusebenzisa isibizo "iziyolo" njengesivisa, eyaba ethandwayo emva kokupapashwa kwinoveli.

okunika umdla:. ngolwimi IsiNgesi kwimihla laqala elithi "iziyolo» (zodidi) Kwakhona lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela iingqiqo ezifana 'woburheletyo "yaye" woburheletyo " Nangona izichazi-Russian akuthethi ukulungisa le intsingiselo, ulwalamano efanayo elithi inokufumaneka ezakudala ezininzi Russian.

Le etymology yekota kunye nokulingana yayo nangezinye iilwimi Slavic

Ekubeni ingqalelo intsingiselo yegama elithi "iziyolo", kubalulekile ukunikela ingqalelo imvelaphi yayo. Ukususela oko kwasekwa eli binzana lesibizo, akwaziwa ukuba izazi. Kulo mzekelo, ukuba uqinisekile ngokupheleleyo ukuba le ngcamango kuvela ulwimi Proto-Slavic.

Oku kungqinwa yinto yokuba uninzi nezinye iilwimi Slavic zikhona amagama phantse twatse. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku akukho bonke bephela, ukuba babe amaxabiso efanayo.

Ngoko ke Ukrainian ( "rozkіsh") kunye Belarus ( "raskosha") yi amagama afanayo anentsingiselo efanayo in Russian. Kodwa abanye - njalo. Umzekelo, isibizo Polish roskosz eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "ntsako" kunye nexabiso "iziyolo" Igama elithi luksusowy. Nge Slovak kunye Czech rozkoš eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "iziyolo". In Bulgarian maxa wambi kusetyenziswa igama lantlandlolo igama elithi "razkosh", kodwa amaxesha amaninzi iyasetyenziswa endaweni igama elithi "Lux".

Indlela ukuguqulela ingqiqo phantsi ingqalelo IsiNgesi, IsiSpanish, Italian, German kunye French

Ukufunda lowo akanaso kuphela Russian, kodwa nakwezinye iilwimi Slavic, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba yintoni na igama esetyenziselwa le nto ezinye iintlanga.

Ngoko ke "ukhokho" lwesininzi kweelwimi namhlanje (isiLatin) kumaxesha amandulo kwakukho luxuria lesibizo. Kuye lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela ingqiqo ka "ubuninzi" yaye "fluffiness". Kumaxesha akutshanje, ngenxa yelizwi kwavela luxus, apho iifayile ezisetyenziswa, yaye xa efuna ukucacisa into zodidi.

Emva kokuwa koBukhosi baseRoma, uninzi iilwimi zaseYurophu "ukuboleka" igama kwisiLatini. Kunjalo, i IsiNgesi baba amazwi iziyolo kunye luxe in French - le luxe, isiJamani - luxus, Italian - lusso, kunye Spanish - lujo.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba iilwimi ezininzi Slavic kwaye esebenzisa Latin, nto leyo zikhona ngaxeshanye kunye mahluko elithi "kubunewunewu".

Izithethantonye

Ukufumana impendulo lo mbuzo: "Yintoni na ubuncwane", kubalulekile ukwazi oko uyakwazi ukufumana ntonye ukuya isibizo sifundo.

Amazwi idumileyo analogue - yi "chic", "ubungangamsha" yaye "fluffiness". Kwezinye iimeko, usebenzisa igama elithi "ubuninzi", "ubutyebi", "intlala", ngaphantsi "eyilahleko."

izichasi

Ngokungafaniyo ntonye, izichasi ukuba isibizo isifundo bangacela pick up ngaphantsi kakhulu. Njengomgaqo, bazalana ukuba kwindlala nasekusweleni.

Ngenxa yoko, ungasebenzisa igama elithi "ubuhlwempu", "nosizi", "ubuhlwempu" kwaye ke "nendlala". Ngamanye amaxesha ungasebenzisa "kuphilwa" kwikota.

Indlela yokuphatha yayinqabile ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo kwimbali

Ukufunda ukuba yayinqabile, oko umdla ukuhlola indlela uluntu ekubhekiswe kulo esenzeka kwiinkulungwane ezahlukeneyo xesha lethu.

zobulumko ezininzi neengcali ukuqonda lo mbono kuba yingozi ngamnye. Ayekholelwa ukuba xa umntu uyakwazi ukwanelisa ngokupheleleyo zonke sivumelane nazo, ulahlekelwa nkuthazo ukuphuhlisa. Apha iqala ukudodobala uze emzimbeni.

oguqukayo kulo mba ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo imbali ezinxulumene kubunewunewu. Oku kungenziwa xa kuthelekiswa umfazi osisidenge umzimba. Kwenza ngokwalo ngeenxa zonke, engafuni yingozi nje kuphela, kodwa ukutya luncedo ukuze ukuncipha. Kodwa maxa iphula kwaye utya kokulinganisa yonke, ukulimaza umzimba wakhe nje, kodwa impilo.

Xa xesha gospodstvovaniya ngokupheleleyo ubuKristu eYurophu, ubiza uluntu ukuba anyamekele zokomoya, izidingo emzimbeni. Kulo mba, akanaso yayigqalwa phantse ukuba esibi kunazo zonke izono (kungoko intsingiselo IsiNgesi eziphelelwe "woburheletyo").

Umzekelo, ukulwa ukuzinkcinkca ka Florence, wenguquko yenkolo odumileyo Girolamo Savonarola Ndazitshisa zonke izinto leyo ezinxulumene ne ubutyebi. inzondelelo kakhulu kwaye inzondelelo yakhe iBhayibhile kwakhokelela ezatshatyalaliswa nje iincwadi ezininzi umdla izixhobo zomculo, kodwa ngococeko.

Ngamanye amaxesha oko kubonwa zodidi okulungileyo eluntwini. Ngoko ke, oko kwakucingwa ukuba ovumela elite ukunandipha ubomi ngokuphelelyo, ngeli lula ukuvela imisebenzi emitsha wabazelelela abahlelelekileyo.

Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, ukusukela iziyolo ayikho ndomelele njengokuba kwinkulungwane edluleyo. Endaweni yoko, i "Isithixo" omtsha yimpumelelo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba lilungu le-Elite, akukho nto ingako kuba fabulously abazizityebi, simele siphumelele entsimini ethile. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le sikhundla ekhuthaza abantu abazizityebi ukuze akhule kwaye wenze into kunokuba avumele kubunewunewu bengasebenzi, njengoko kwakusenziwa kwinkulungwane edluleyo.