Order Andreya Pervozvannogo: imbali, inkcazelo, knight

Order of St. Andrew - enye iisimboli eziphambili karhulumente Russian. Akuphelelanga apho, nguye lowo wokuqala esekwe kwilizwe lethu kudumisa, nguye ixesha elide - de 1917 - wayebambe kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwiqela elinegunya kwemiyalelo karhulumente kunye neembasa. Ngowe-1998, le ubume ngommiselo Borisa Eltsina iyabuya.

Order Andreya Pervozvannogo wadalwa ngexesha nzima kakhulu kweli lizwe: kubekho amalungiselelo okusebenzayo Enkulu Northern kweMfazwe, eRashiya wayelungiselela ukuba belingana amagunya anamandla aseYurophu. Eyokuqala kwi bhaso karhulumente Russian wayeza ukubonisa udumo eli lizwe, ilungelo lakhe ukuhlonela kwamanye amazwe. Ngoko ke akukho ngozi umxhasi eli bhaso omnye wabafundi basondeleyo yakhethwa uPetros - Andrey Pervozvanny, badlale ngaxa lithile indima enkulu ekubunjweni Kievan Rus.

Uyilo ngummiselo, leyo wachaza Order Andreya Pervozvannogo, kuquka ukulungisa kunye nemizamo akhutheleyo Peter I. Ngokutsho kuguqulelo omnye yena lowo wacebisa ukuba isimboli eli bhaso ezimbini bawela imigca ezimhlophe yintsimi wemisonto emsi, kwaye Order ngokwayo inikwa abo 'inkonzo enkulu iLizwe loobawo ". Ummiselo osemthethweni Ukusekwa uMyalelo yasayinwa mlawuli elizayo ekupheleni kukaMatshi 1699.

tape Knights 'lokuqala, apho zaqiniswa Order of St. noAndreya, zama kwi Admiral FA Golovin, kodwa knight yesibini ingxaki ukuvela: waba isikhulu notorious uIvan Mazepa, ngubani kungekudala kwiNgxowa Charles XII, kuba loo nto kuphela ungosingelwe phantsi uYesu; kodwa walahlekelwa imbasa aphezulu Russian. UPetros esotha, koko, waba umnini wesithandathu kuphela kule yodidi oluphezulu.

Knights Order Andreya Pervozvannogo wafumana enjalo, nto leyo umnqamlezo yesilivere, zabe phezu imvelaphi ukhozi elineentloko ezimbini umbala legolide inkwenkwezi-sisinge anesibhozo. Yena lo mqondiso lwalupayintiwe blue yaye embindini umfanekiso Andreya Pervozvannogo. UMyalelo kwafuneka ukuba isemzimbeni oneribhoni ebhlowu, Ilula warhola ilitye kwigxalaba lakhe lasekunene, ibele eshiyekileyo ukraschat inkwenkwezi-kwakubonisa anesibhozo.

Emva koko, lo isangqa-sicelo ukuba eli bhaso ayenza yezikhakhamela eziphezulu kurhulumente, yaye bayasikelelwa kakhulu ukuba ukunika umntu ilungelo kwisihloko uLieutenant-jikelele. Ngaphezu koko, iye yaba isithethe osondeza Order Andreya Pervozvannogo xa amalungu kuzalwa asebukhosini.

Ngaxeshanye, abanini Russian eli bhaso nako ibe ngaphezu elinambini. Kanye ngelo xesha kaFebruwari Revolution, i-Order Andreya Pervozvannogo bawongwa, ngokutsho uqikelelo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka abantu 900 ukuya 1,100, kuquka abantu abaziwayo ezifana Alexander Suvorov, G. Potemkin, Rumyantsev, uNapoleon. Umnini yokugqibela yale iimbasa Tsarist eRashiya waba ngummeli losapho lobukumkani Prince Roman Petrovich.

In Russia mihla, i-Order Andreya Pervozvannogo kwakhona uthathe indawo yawo efanelekileyo ibhaso ilizwe enkulu 1998. ukubonakala kwayo yenziwa kumzobo lokusinda, ngoko iikopi ngokupheleleyo umyalelo, leyo kwada 1917. Ibhaso lokuqala yanikwa odumileyo academician nguDmitry Likhachev. Emva koko, baye bawongwa kunye nabanye abantu abali-12, kuquka Nazarbayev, Kalashnikov, Solzhenitsyn, Alexiy II, i S. Mikhalkov.