Yintoni lo mlambo mde ehlabathini?

Ukuze ixesha elide bekukholeleka ukuba mlambo mde ehlabathini - iNayile. Noko ke, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe kunye izazinzulu zophando ezininzi bafunda ukuba akunjalo. Ukusebenzisa lwazi ezithathwe kwiisathelayithi, bakwazi ukubonisa ukuba ummeli kwelizwekazi i-Afrika ayikho kangako, kodwa enasilela ngayo Ubude Amazon. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngaphambi kokuba eli xesha kwaba kwindawo yesibini kule planethi (yi prodolzhitlnosti). Ubungqina ngokomthetho, ke ngoko, besithi, Yintoni na umlambo mde zehlabathi, ngoku uyakwazi ngokukhuselekileyo ndinikhumbula Amazon, nayo leyo yeyona nto ithengiswayo.

uphando olululo

Ubude lobuntshatsheli kwi kwemithambo main abameli South American umhlaba saba "welizwe Center National for Space" eBrazil. elide Baye bafunda kunye ngoncedo lwe data satellite ngokwesiseko izibalo hambo zobunzululwazi Peruvian kunye eBrazil. Inyaniso yokuba ngethuba ekuqhubeni umthombo wayo omtsha Amazon uyaziwa, nto leyo ayikho kwinxalenye esemantla Peru, njengokuba ngaphambili, kwaye ezintabeni kumazantsi karhulumente. Ngenxa yoko, ukumisela ukuba ngowuphi na lo mlambo mde emhlabeni, izazinzulu ziye kufika kwisigqibo sokuba ubude abameli Umzantsi Melika wayemalunga 6,800 neekhilomitha, ngelixa loMnayile - malunga 6695 km. Ukuze ufumanise ubude ngqo kuyingxaki, kuba oko kuxhomekeke ukuchaneka umthombo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni na ingqalelo Amazon, esiya kuba elide.

indawo

Lo mlambo mde ehlabathini asuka Andes, ubude oziimitha ezili-5000 ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, yaye iphela Atlantic Ocean. Wamanzi aqukuqela ummandla kumazwe afana Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia naseBrazil. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba pool wayo isiqingatha amabini imilambo emikhulu ehlabathini. Kakhulu umdla kukuba enkulu Amazon kubekwe kwintsimi laseBrazil, laso ethetha isiPhuthukezi.

incazelo jikelele

Enkabeni yalo ngowona mlambo mde ehlabathini yinkqubo equka kumahlathi angaselunxwemeni yamanzi ezincinane. Ubude lilonke zonke nemifula zayo ngaphezulu kwama-25 ophosa, ngelixa ummandla pool - million 7.2 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Kunye naye kwi- Atlantic Ocean lungena ngokukhululekileyo umyalelo sesihlanu bonke oovimba yamanzi nomhlaba ngokwawo. Volume ukumnika likhulu kangangokuba, ukuba ubume, umbala kunye etyuwa kwamanzi olwandle yahluka amabanga yeekhilomitha ngaphezu kwama-300 ukusuka elunxwemeni. Amazon ezelwe ngokudibana Maranyon kunye Ucayali. Ummandla Delta angaphakathi - ngaphezulu kwe-100 lamawaka ezikwere zeekhilomitha.

Indawo ngobunzulu inkulu Amazon, oziimitha ezili-135, ifumaneka kufuphi izibuko Obitus. Eli xabiso onokufaniswa a kusho kuLwandle lweBaltic Isalathisi efanayo. Ixesha elomileyo lo mlambo mde ihlabathi amanzi ayo abagubungela kwindawo malunga 110 ophosa square. Le rate sanda ngapha kwamaxesha amathathu ngexesha lemvula. Ngaphezu koko, xa kunjalo yokuqala ububanzi umlambo ukuya ayi-11, ngeli xa yesibini inokubuyiselwa lufunyanwa km 40. Xa esithathwini ezimbini ubude lilonke lo mfula yi kunawo. Ngaphezu koko, apha ungaya nkqu iinqanawa ocean ukuba banyuke emlonyeni isixeko Manaus, ibekwe ngeekhilomitha 1690 ukususela ekuqaleni kwalo. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqaphele ukuba umlambo siqithi inkulu emhlabeni, eyaziwa ngokuba Marajó, na ku Amazon.

Imvelaphi yegama

Ethetha igama lomlambo mde ehlabathini, singasathethi imvelaphi yegama. mbali abaninzi nabaphandi bakholelwa ukuba wabelithiyiwe conquistadors Spanish. Yaye inyaniso, xa laba bahlaseli yaseYurophu lawela kwilizwekazi South American, aye kwafuneka ukuba bazibandakanye edabini kunye bendawo. Phakathi bendawo, kunye namanye amadoda kunye nabafazi balwa ngesibindi. ubushushu kunye nesibindi umfazi wakhe Indian wakhumbuza ilivo Spanish le Amazons ukususela kudala. Ekuyileni conquistadors bachukumiseka gqitha kangangokuba ke kanye into ebizwa wamanzi yasekuhlaleni. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba abanye ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba eneneni balwa kuphela ngabantu, owathi, ngenxa iinwele ezinde iqatshelwe abafazi. Enoba lwalunjani, igama lomlambo mde ehlabathini yaqanjwa baseSpeyin ngexesha.

Biota

flora Local nje emangalisayo ekuyileni abantu abafani yayo. Ukususela namhlanje, oosonzululwazi baye bakwazi ukufunda ubuncinane sisinye kwisithathu iinxalenye zayo. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba malunga nama-25% azo zonke asetyenziswe amayeza kwihlabathi izithako amayeza esintu lithathwe kanye emahlathini yasekuhlaleni. Kakhulu ngeentlobo lo izilwanyana. Xa Amazon omiweyo malunga 1500 iintlobo yeentlanzi. Enye iintlobo ezininzi engaqhelekanga - oko intlanzi-yenkomo, afikelele ebunzima buziikhilogram ezimakhulu mahlanu ubunzima kunye ezine ubude. Ngapha koko, apha (kuquka iibhanki) kukho malunga 250 iintlobo ezincancisayo neentlobo 1,800 zeentaka. Enye abameli ubalaseleyo izilwanyana zendawo aqala dolphins amanzi pink, nako ukuzingela nkqu ehlathini nezikhukhula. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uqaphele inani elikhulu nepiranha - intlanzi yokuphanga eziye ungumthombo yokunqakulisa ngenxa cinema.

imithi Water

Enye ezinomtsalane eziphambili, nto idume lo mlambo mde ehlabathini - ngu imithi edumileyo giant-ertyisi amanzi, nto leyo ke emlonyeni wayo, kufuphi nedolophu encinane yaseBelene. Bafike uphawu imitha ezintlanu ukuphakama uluhlu umfula. Le nkqubo lwenzeka ngexesha namaza yolwandle, kwaye lukhatshwa ukubhonga olomeleleyo. Emigodini ziqine, ukuze obungqingqwa nokuba kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-1400 ukusuka emlonyeni Amazon.

utyelelo

Emoyeni ubushushu phezu kweendonga zayo zonke nyaka kuluhlu-26 ukuya kuma-28 degrees Celsius. Kwangaxeshanye, elona xesha lonyaka ukutyelela Amazon uthathwa ukuba bawe. Ngokumalunga ixesha ntle, kucingwa ukuba intwasahlobo, ezingadibenanga ngexesha lemvula. Malunga September amanzi ukufiphala kwaye bares amahlathi zasekuhlaleni kunye namanxweme.

iziphumo

Ukushwankathela, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba iingxabano phakathi iingcali, kuba ukuba owona mlambo mde ehlabathini kusendleleni ngoku. Kulo mba, akukho mathandabuzo ukuba izityholo kunye nobungqina eyenziwe zizazinzulu aseBrazil ukuba umngeni. Enoba oko, ubude Nile kwiminyaka yakutshanje nayo itshintshile. Nakuba kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo Amazon, kwemithambo ephambili Afrika zehla kancinci. It anciphise kanye lo mlambo mde ihlabathi ngenxa kwakusakhiwa Aswan wedama dama Nasser, eyaqala ngo-1960.