Yintoni a converter ebalulekileyo ekujonganeni

Zonke iinkqubo imoto zeemoto mihla ziquka converter encedisa ukuqalisa imisebenzi. Le fowuni ilungiselelwe ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto eyingozi greenhouse exhaust ukuya emoyeni. Le converter zokuphosa isetyenziswa neeyunithi amandla diesel, kwakunye kwi yepetroli. Misela okanye ngoko nangoko emva obuziintlobo zeemoto, okanye ngqo muffler. Le neutralizer ngeegesi zeemoto kuquka iyunithi carrier, lo ezisongwayo wobushushu le lwezindlu.

device

Into ephambili ithathwa ukuvimba yenethiwekhi. Yenziwe ukusuka ceramic eliyinjubaqa. Uyilo ibloko enjalo liquka ezininzi iiseli longitudinal, kakhulu nokwandisa ummandla zoqhagamshelwano kunye neegesi zeemoto. kumphezulu wazo isale izinto ezikhethekileyo, ehlanganisa (palladium, platinum kunye rhodium). Ngezi zinto, kukho yokunyusa ekudibaneni kwemichiza.

Mbala kunye platinum ke kuvala igcwala. Bona zinika igcwala of hydrocarbon yaye, ngokunjalo, ukukhuthaza ukuguquka carbon monoxide, icarbon dioxide kunye nomphunga wamanzi. A iza kuncipha rhodium. Isetyenziswa ekunciphiseni kwenitrojeni ibe nitrogen engenabungozi. Kubonakala ukuba iintlobo ezintathu ehlanganisa kwi iigesi zeemoto lifinyele umxholo kwezinto ezintathu ezahlukeneyo eziyingozi. Ngoko ke, isixhobo eso kuthiwa ngendlela ezintathu-encedisa ukuqalisa lokuguqulela.

yenethiwekhi block zibekwe izindlu yesinyithi. Phakathi kwabo inwebu ubushushu-zokwambathisa ezikhoyo. Iqumrhu kuvala i woluvo ioksijini.

ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo isixhobo kuthethwa kufikelelwe kwiqondo lobushushu ^ka-300 ° C, ngoko malunga 90 ekhulwini ulibele izinto eziyingozi (le converter zokuphosa ifakwe ngoko nangoko emva eziphindaphindiweyo zeemoto).

iimpawu

Ezi ehlanganisa abasakwazi olusebenzayo ekunciphiseni ubungozi igesi zeemoto baze ngaloo ndlela babe phantse akukho nafuthe amandla injini amafutha umbane. Nale divayisi umva ukunyuka koxinzelelo kancinci ngenxa apho unit amandla isithuthi ulahlekelwa iilitha 2-3. a. Kuthiwa iza exhaust nga kuhlala ngonaphakade, kuba metal elixabisekileyo ngexesha reactions khemikhali uwagqibe. Noko ke, njengokuba kusenziwa imiboniso, ubomi zezi zixhobo ilinganiselwe.

Ngokomzekelo, omnye unobangela ezisebenzayo ukusilela converters - a iiseli ezibuthathaka yodongwe, leyo ukusuka angcangcazele elibukhali (ukuba imoto kwi amaqhuma isantya, yeyela potholes okanye iqumrhu chirknet into kuvala) itshitshayo, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba ukungaphumeleli uthe device. Ngoku saqala ukuvela converters, ngubani endaweni yodongwe - metal dwala. Zinyamezela ngakumbi umonakalo. Esinye isizathu sokusilela le converter zokuphosa - na isibaso. olingene ayitshi ibubutyebi tetraethyl asisikhokelo "pickle" kumphezulu weeseli. Ngenxa yoko, bonke abasabela kupheza. Utshaba elilandelayo sisincoko yempela amafutha engalunganga. Ngenxa yoko, umxube equlethe isixa eyandileyo hydrocarbon, kungonakalisa isixhobo, kwaye ibangela nobushushu elibukhali namahlwempu kakhulu, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni dwala. Hayi utshintsho lobushushu akanangozi kwaye ezibukhali, ezifana xa isithuthi Asikokungena eludakeni. Kwakhona ilimaze ceramic.

Ngokubanzi, i converter zokuphosa, kwakunye nayiphi na enye indlela kuchaphazela iimeko zokusebenza.