Violin Austria nomqambi Kreysler Frits: ubuchule

Ihlabathi zobugcisa zomculo has inqwaba amagama buchopho oyinyaniso. italente yabo negalelo kuphuhliso lobugcisa ngonaphakade washiya uphawu yabo imbali, yaye banika ihlabathi okuninzi ngemisebenzi zomculo, kubhekiselelwe kuwo lomculo namhlanje. indawo yayo efanelekileyo phakathi iimvumi kakhulu uthatha violin Austria nomqambi Kreysler Frits. Nguye odumileyo kuphela virtuoso ivayolin, kodwa ukudala imisebenzi mihle ukuba ngoku replayed bexesha kwaye zifakiwe ekuqokelelweni zegolide, kwimizobo umculo weklasiki.

biography

Kreysler Frits wazalwa ngo-1875 e-eVienna. Uyise wayesebenza ugqirha kwaye isangqa omaziyo sasisaziwa ngokuba umculo lover ukufunda. Mhlawumbi lo bumnandi yaba sizathu ukhetho elizayo sonyana wakhe.

Kwiminyaka emine, Kreysler Frits wafunda ivayolin yaye waphumelela ngokukhawuleza kuyo. Ngenxa ubuchule yohlobo kwaye ngokuchasene nemithetho kule minyaka ezisixhenxe violin oselula wamkelwa kwi eVienna Conservatory. Kwaba khona ukuba wenza imbonakalo yakhe yokuqala esidlangalaleni. Phakathi ootitshala zakhe umqambi ezibalaseleyo kunye organist Anton Bruckner ngexesha aziwayo-kakuhle violin kunye nomqhubi Yozef Helmesberger. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva, Fritz kunye imbasa yegolide evela somculo, kwaye umvuzo wafumana violin eyenziwe edumileyo inkosi Italian Amati - utitshala Velikogo Antonio Stradivari.

Ngowe-1885, i-violin oselula wangena Paris Conservatoire. Apho aziwa izakhono zomculo kwizifundo Zhozefa Massara kunye Leo Delibes. Akuba eneminyaka eli-12 agqithayo iimviwo zokugqibela, wamkela Prix Grand waza wagqiba ukuqala kwimisebenzi zomculo ezimeleyo.

America

Ngowe-1889, Kreysler Frits abanokuthunyelwa ukhenketho lekonsathi kunye eUnited States piyano Moritsem Rozentalem. Kodwa ezilindelekileyo ye ukwamkelwa ngehlombe baba ngokungxama. Uluntu American baye sithintelo bokuyila le violin abatsha. Kamva, ngowe-1900, Fritz wenza esinye iinzame lokukhenketha lonke eUnited States. Eli xesha wafumana ngezandla ezishushu namaqhuzu bade bafumana zentsebenziswano, kodwa ukuze ndinishukumisele violin phesheya kwakungekho ngokukhawuleza. Uluntu yaseYurophu waba lweenkobe ngakumbi noluphendulayo kuye.

ukuqaphela

Ngo-1893 no-1896 Kreysler Frits Ikonsathi eRashiya. Kunye naye waza Sergei Rachmaninoff. Ngowe-1899 waba kukuhambi- kwi Berlin Symphony Orchestra phantsi kakuhle yaziwa ngexesha ngumqhubi Artura Nikisha. Le uloyiso UFritz wafumana ikonsathi eLondon ngowe-1904, ngoko ke imbasa yegolide le London Philharmonic Society yanikezelwa. A Umqambi owaziwayo British Edward Elgar wanikezela Kreisler Violin Concerto, apho uphindaphindwe Fritz ngo-1910.

violin Austria, nangona iimpendulo eziphikisanayo nokugxekwa, kodwa wahlala ezithandwayo kunye kwemfuno ndide ndibe kade, noko ngenxa yimfama elinenkqubela ukungeva, akazange abe ukugqiba umsebenzi umculo.

indalo

Kreysler Frits igqalwa enye violinists kakhulu kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane lokugqibela. Kwafuneka indlela eyodwa umdlalo, apho ahlangeneyo kwaye ngendlela echanekileyo, isandi nondiliseko, isingqi kunye elingagungqiyo nje, sihleli kunye amagama ngqo. Kakade ke, ezinye i "uhlela 'zobugcisa, wathabatha phezu kumakholwane eyandulela imali kuzo imfudumalo umphefumlo kunye virtuosity wakho. Umzekelo, nangokwamkela vibrato (alternating utshintsho ekuphakameni kwelizwi, imvakalozwi, okanye exubileyo), waboleka ukusuka umqambi Polish Genrika Venyavskogo, uye waba ngomnye linophawu umsebenzi wakhe.

Ukongeza violin ngqondi, umqambi Kreisler waba italente. wobugcisa yakhe kufanele ingqalelo operetta "uyintombazane" yaye "Flowers apple", indawo abacula umtya kunye umsebenzi ivayolin, okanye cadence, waqamba nguBeethoven concerto, Brahms kunye Tartini Sonata "lukaMtyholi Trill".

Akukho umdla kangako kunye virtuoso zizinto waltzes 'inimba Uthando, "" Chinese ingqongqo, "" Uvuyo Wothando "yaye" nerosemary Omangalisayo. " Ngoku weva utoliko koogxa bakhe, kunye nabaphulaphuli usoloko iyawamkela kunye ngentswahla bevuyisana. wayevumelana ekhethekileyo evela ababukeli ubiza ngomdlalo "Little Viennese Matshi".

imithombo

Kreysler Frits yaziwa imvumi-a hoaxer. Kwiminyaka 1905-1910 wapapasha "ngqangi Classic." Ezi iziqwenga ngenxa yomculo kunye nepiyano ukuba umqambi kuboniswa unyango isebenza Couperin, Pugnani, Francoeur kunye Boccherini - Abaqambi 17-18 kwiinkulungwane th. Kubagxeki lokungafundi yakhe ngokuphindaphindiweyo wathi uhlobo kwale unyango, ukubambelela ngokungqongqo umbhali imibhalo yokuqala. Kwaba kuphela ngo-1935, Fritz ngokwakhe yavuma ukuba zonke ezi ziqwenga imibhalo yakhe, hayi mbumbulu ngaphambili zomculo.

Kodwa kwakukho zisasuka imithombo ezinjalo. Ngenxa yoko, imisebenzi 'inimba Uthando "yaye" Uvuyo of Love "ngexesha Kreisler wamnika stylization waltzes ubudala. Baye phantsi babebona nokugxekwa, ebhaliwe ezichaswayo njengemizekelo umculo lokwenyaniso. Kodwa self-exposure fritsevskoe bothuka namarhe kunye nabagxeki.

collection

E Fritz Kreisler yaba ingqokelela elincinane violin antique, okudalwe ebalaseleyo abenzi ivayolin (ezifana Antonio Stradivari, Carlo Bergonzi). Kamva, ezi zixhobo ziye zona- kele igama somnini - i Kreisler omkhulu.

Collection Fritz violin kufika sibe luncedo kungekuphela kweentetho ezininzi izinto ngobuchule. Ityala xa ityala irhafu kwi US violin kwafuneka ukuba ukunika violin isipho Guarneri (del Gesù) Library of Congress. Kwiminyaka yakhe enkenenkene, Fritz wananisa ngeento zonke ingqokelela wakhe omdala odlala, kusale nje violin ngu Jean-Baptiste Villaume.

anika umdla

• Ngowe-1896, wazama ukuya orchestra i Vienna weNkundla Opera, kodwa akazange wadlula ukhuphiswano: nqanda ukufunda ayagexa a sheet.
• Xa leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, Kreisler wabiza ngaphambili, kodwa kungekudala walimala ndakhululwa. Ngenxa violin ukungakhuseleki Kwanyanzeleka ukuba ushiye eUnited States. Kodwa emva kweminyaka 10 ngokulangazelela yakowabo Europe wakhe kwanyanzeleka ukuba abuyele. Wayehlala kuqala e Berlin, emva koko waya eFransi.
• Ngowe-1938, ngenxa iinzuzo ze abavakalelwa lwamaNazi Fritz Kreisler kwafuneka sibuyele eUnited waza waba ngummi eMelika. Ngowe-1941, violin Austria yiloli, kodwa wakhawuleza wachacha emva kwentlekele. Kamva, Noko ke, imiphumo trauma abaye bazenza waziva, kwaye kwanyanzeleka ukuba aphume career umculo.
• Ubungqondi ivayolin - Kreysler Frits - ube nesimo eliphilileyo ochwayithileyo. Ngenye imini watyelela i venkile antique, andinaqhayiya ivayolin bakhe uze ukuyithenga. Ukuphendula, umnini ebizwa amapolisa ingxelo ukuba owasemzini yajika mthethweni ngayo sisixhobo le "Kreisler omkhulu." Ukuze angqine ungubani nobunyulu, violin virtuoso kwafuneka ukudlala ivayolin.

PS

Kreysler Frits wafa eNew York eneminyaka 86. Waba babemoyika yena kungekudala ulibele, kwaye uzuko imisebenzi yakhe kubuna, liwuthe zisabonakala. Noko ke, ngathi buchopho ezininzi, italente virtuoso violin nabagxeki Umqambi kuthakazelelwa kakhulu kamva. Kwaye namhlanje kufanele ukuba ithatha indawo zewonga kuluhlu buchopho zomculo, ogama umdlalo kunye nemisebenzi yimizekelo umculo yokungafi yamandulo.