Vandlakanyo lutsha - le ndlela yokujongana neziphumo emali

Emva leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, ixesha entsha yophuhliso loqoqosho. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo olwahlula kwesi sigaba yaba utshintsho yabaphetheyo ixesha elide sendlela esezantsi igolide, nto leyo yamaphepha esekelwe. Ngenxa la manyathelo urhulumente uye wafumana ithuba elihle ekunyuseni lwabiwo iindleko iphepha nge ngezimali intsilelo. Oku, kakubi ilungelo ixabiso lemali. Xa yasekhaya currency kwimarike ifuthe ukwehla kwi amandla nokuthengwa yabemi. Ngaphandle lwemali kazwelonke sehlile ixabiso malunga imali kwamanye amazwe. Xa ezoqoqosho, le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba ukwehla. abantu Ekubeni yaziwa kakuhle ababehlala eSoviet Union emva ekuweni amazwe ico - Russia, Ukraine, Belarus kunye nabanye).

Kwi-jikelele kunye noqoqosho zesizwe , kukho kwakhona inkqubo efana nokuvavanywa. Eli gama ukwehla esahlukileyo. On kuya kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

Le etymology kombono

Vandlakanyo lutsha - ligama ukuba abolekwe kwiLatini. Xa siqwalasela ingqiqo yencopho morphological lwembono, amacandelo amabini zingahlukaniswa: isimaphambili "ngokutsha 'noseko" valeo ". Inxalenye yokuqala lithetha "ukwanda, ukwanda." Okwesibini - "ukwenza umahluko, ukuba zexabiso." Ukuba ufake kunye amazwi, ufumana oku kulandelayo: ukwanda kweendleko.

Ngokuthe ngcembe, lo gama iye yasetyenziswa kuqoqosho. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kufuneka sihlolwe - yinkqubo ukunyusa izinga ixabiso / exchange omnye okanye kwelinye ilizwe ngokunxulumene iimali kwamanye amazwe okanye iiyunithi supranational yemali.

Izinga lokuqala. kwinqanaba International

Kulo mzekelo, nokuvavanywa ngokutsha imali wesizwe - yinto eqhelekileyo yaye iqhelekile kumazwe amaninzi kwikota ukuba ukwanda kweendleko indlela yokuhlawula ngaphakathi ngurhulumente ngokunxulumene neeyunithi emali ngamazwe kunye iimali kwamanye amazwe.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, le nkqubo kaninzi iba enye yeendlela lokukhula koqoqosho emva kokunyuka kwamaxabiso. Ngelo xesha kwimeko enjalo ke unako ukuthenga imali enganeno kwalo naliphi na ilizwe. Oku kunempembelelo entle ushishino nezinto zorhwebo kunye neemveliso, kwakunye abangenisa capital umsebenzi. Kwelinye icala, kufuneka sihlolwe le lwemali - oku kungenzeka, kunye nelahleko phantse engaphephekiyo le ngeniso / abathengi ukuba amashishini, ezo zisekelwe kwimisebenzi kwempahla kumazwe aphesheya.

Kwisigaba sesibini isicelo. kwinqanaba lesizwe

Xa isakhiwo kwenkqubo malini ilizwe kwinqanaba likazwelonke, le nkqubo nako ukuthatha indawo. Umzekelo, urhulumente ufuna ukwazi, yintoni na isixa begolide neemali zangaphandle oovimba likarhulumente, xa intsalela Central Bank, ngokusekelwe izinga lwemali kazwelonke. Lo mba kufuneka kwakhona uvavanyo yonke imali. Le nkqubo unalo igama elithile - "njengexatyiswe". Eli nyathelo lwenziwa rhoqo okanye zisekelwe kwizinto zemali (ntlekele, imfazwe, njalo njalo. D.).

Indawo yesithathu isicelo. ezingeni

Kwinqanaba micro kuyenzeka kwakhona ukusebenzisa igama elithi ingqalelo. Ngokomzekelo, xa nokuhlola mhlaba, nto leyo eli qumrhu le-asethi. Kule meko kufuneka sihlolwe yi nokuvavanywa ngokutsha yonke imali eseleyo kwi-akhawunti kwimiphumo kwamaxabiso. Okokuqala apha zithathelwa ingqalelo esisigxina asethi, imali kunye noovimba ezahlukeneyo.

izinto ezimbi

Njengomgaqo, ilizwe ufuna ukuzinzisa uqoqosho kwayo njengexatyiswe, uzibeka endaweni ezimbini. Kwelinye icala, le nkqubo iza komeleza lwemali kazwelonke. Le ngongoma ibalulekileyo HIV. Kwelinye icala, isigqibo zikarhulumente iphenjelelwa eziliqela negative:

1. Ukunciphisa umthamo notyalo-mali kuqoqosho lwesizwe zivela kwamanye amazwe.
2. eyibeke ukuze nomtsalane kubakhenkethi kunye nophuhliso lokhenketho.
3. vandlakanyo lutsha lwe ikharensi iwela kwemfuno yeempahla yasekhaya zonaniso lwangaphandle.

Kungenxa yezi neengxaki kunokuba elikhulu, le nkqubo lwenzeka kakhulu kunqabile. Chitha vandlakanyo lutsha imali kuphela imeko yezimali zeli lizwe olomeleleyo. Ezi ziquka Jamani, Japan, Switzerland. Xa ngenkulungwane XIX ukuzinzisa uqoqosho zaso wangenelwa sibuqonde US kunye UK.

ephumayo

Njengokuba sele sitshilo, indlela ekuthethwa isetyenziswa njengendlela yokulwa kwamaxabiso. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo njengexatyiswe kuphela kwento ukuze imfuno engxamisekileyo ukungenisa iimpahla (njengoko impahla wesizwe ukuba ezingonelisiyo zothunyelo ngenxa yeendleko zabo eziphakamileyo) okanye ukuthunyelwa kwemali eyinkunzi.

Ukuba urhulumente wagqiba ukwenza le nkqubo kwimeko kwintlekele yoqoqosho, kumele balungele ukuba ehlise kwinqanaba kwenxaxheba amazwe. Njengomgaqo, iinkampani amazwe awunamdla utyalo kwimeko embi amanqanaba otshintshiselwano zabo. Kwaye ke yokugqibela ngokuzenzekelayo ifakelwe ngenxa yenkqubo kufuneka sihlolwe. Ngelo xesha linye ukwehla kwimarike yasekhaya imali kazwelonke ayikwazanga ayeke. Xa imiqathango Russian uqoqosho kufuneka sihlolwe le engange - yindlela kuwo akukho mfuneko yokulandela ngenxa yokungabikho phezulu emali. Ukongeza, eli lizwe uphumeza umsebenzi wayo inani elikhulu kwamashishini kunye capital angaphandle. Ngoko ke, kufuneka sihlolwe iya kukhokelela ekuncipheni mali kunye umjikelo omtsha buthathaka isimo soqoqosho.