USB-umdwelisi nkqubo (AVR): inkcazelo, isikhundla

Xa amagcisa radio bathanda ukuba nenxaxheba ekwakhiweni bezixhobo zombane, ukususela kwixesha nexesha kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa kwezoyilo zabo microcontrollers. Ukusetyenziswa kwezi zixhobo semiconductor It inika amathuba olumangalisayo bombane. Microcontrollers ziveliswa iinkampani kuphela nje ezimbalwa, iinkokeli kuzo MicrochipTechnology, ATMEL, ARMLimited. Eyona nkalo iphambili kwezixhobo enjalo imfuneko firmware yabo program. Kuba oku kunye badwelisi benkqubo ezifunekayo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho ukhetho olukhulu iintlobo ezahlukeneyo badwelisi benkqubo, nangona kunjalo, ixabiso iimveliso ezifana iphezulu kakhulu, hayi zonke engahlawulwayo radio unako ukuthenga isixhobo esinjalo.

Kweli nqaku siza kujonga USB-umdwelisi nkqubo (AVR) ngokwesiseko kolawulo microcontroller Atmega 8. Le mveliso kulula ngokwaneleyo ham unomathotholo unako ukuqokelela ngokwakho yaye musa ukuchitha imali engaphezulu iimveliso uphawu. Siye ukhethe USB-umdwelisi nkqubo (AVR) iye ezincinane microcontroller igiza ekuvumela ukuba ukwakha icebo ezincinane kakhulu. Loo imveliso Nongawuthabathiyo isithuba esininzi, it has imilinganiselo a flash oluqhelekileyo. USB-umdwelisi nkqubo (AVR) kwinkqubo yakhe iqulathe microcontroller Atmega 8, uhlobo lwezindlu - TQFP 32 (ukuba mazingabhidaniswa uhlobo DIP istili, ngenxa yokuba pinouts ezahlukeneyo). Ukujikeleza kwisixhobo enjalo eboniswe kwifoto.

Sichubeka njani nenkcazelo kwisekethe sixhobo. Umakad J1 isetyenziswa kwimeko apho kukho microcontroller imfuneko EEPROM ukuba yefrikhwensi clock ngezantsi 1.5 MHz. Ukuba oyifunayo, le Oxhumayo ngokulula kushenxiswa wesekethe, kuba le imveliso isilawuli-25-th olubanjwa "phantsi". Kulo mzekelo AVR-USB-umdwelisi nkqubo iya kusoloko usebenza qho yokwehla. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kweenkqubo kwi njalo kuthatha ixesha elingakumbi, kodwa isigqibo, kakade, nina. di- Zener D1, D2 isebenza kokufanayo kwinqanaba phakathi ibhasi kunye USB-Unicode. Blue LED ibonisa ukulungela isixhobo ngenxa nodweliso lwenkqubo i microcontroller, i-LED ebomvu Ikhanyisa ngexesha kweenkqubo. Sifunda IDC-06 Isidibanisi apho abafowunelwa, i ongqamana uhlobo pinout ATMEL ISP 6-pin isinxibelelanisi. On uthe microcontroller Isidibanisi pin-amandla, kuthathwe le PC USB-kumazibuko, ke ngoko, makwenziwe ngenyameko ukuthintela kwiziphaluka elifutshane. C zokuhlela kunye kolawulo umlawuli nge-isinxibelelanisi enye, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuqhagamshela abafowunelwa kwakhona kwi esisebenza kunye isinxibelelanisi (eboniswe Scheme obomvu wamachaphaza). Umakad ukunciphisa isantya kweenkqubo kunye uqhagamshelo microcontroller socket ibekwe kwi ekupheleni ifowuni. Nantsi into a USB-umdwelisi nkqubo (AVR), njengokuba ubona, lonke phawu.

Emva kwendibano, esi sixhobo kufuneka lilawulwa microcontroller ukuba idanyaze, ngenxa yoko ndikubulelayo mna yaleza ukusebenzisa inkqubo PonyProg. Xa lwenkqubo, siqale kwi yikristale ukusebenza lwangaphandle ixesha umthombo ngu 12 MHz.

Ichazwe kweli nqaku, USB-umdwelisi nkqubo ngenxa microcontrollers AVR isebenza zonke iindidi AVR, ebavumela ukuthunga, bukela imixholo abhalwe lwefowuni yakho, ukucima chip, ukutshintsha uqwalaselo.