"UPlato ngumhlobo wam, kodwa inyaniso wabazisa"; imvelaphi nentsingiselo yegama elithi

kangaphi, ewela phantsi kwempembelelo umntu iimbono umntu kunye neembono, siya kuguqa phambi kwenye igunya. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyenzeka, echasene ingqiqo. Ngokomzekelo, abazali basoloko becinga ukuba bayayazi into ofanele ukuba umntwana wabo. Ngubani na abahlobo, ziintoni ezikunika ukuba ukhethe ukuba aqonde bephantsi msebenzi. Yaye ubomi ngayo umntwana wabo yakhiwe ngokwemiyalelo abadala. Kwaye ngenene isoloko ichanile, abo wasinika ubomi? Yaye siqwalasela ubudala bakhe kunye namava angaphandle iqiniso eliphelele?

esithandwayo

Kuba Kwiimeko ezinjalo, lo gama ifanelekileyo, kwakudala yaba ezinamaphiko. Kuvakala ngathi le nto: "UPlato ngumhlobo wam, kodwa inyaniso ibiza kakhulu." Kanye aphorisms ezininzi, eli namnye umthombo wokuqala kakhulu. Ekupheleni XVI - kwekhulu XVII ekuqaleni apho kwakuhlala umbhali abadumile - Miguel de ingawenzi Saavedra. Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba funny kunye ifanelekileyo hero - Don Quixote de la Mancha. Kwinxalenye yesibini kwinoveli, kwiSahluko 51, sidibana i eziqhelekileyo: "UPlato ngumhlobo wam, kodwa inyaniso ibiza kakhulu." Ngoko nantso apho ulwimi lwethu wafika kweli binzana! "Amicus Plato, ma sed-GIS Amica veritas" - a Russian aphorism wokudlala Latin. Kutheni siyikhumbule ngaloo nto? Nje ingawenzi kokwazi ibinzana izihlwele ezibanzi readers. Kodwa waphinda kuphela ngeSpanish ukuba kakuhle phambi kokuba wathi mandulo.

Zezindlu zooyise ...

Ngoku, engqondweni leqisa phambili kumatshini ixesha emva kakhulu kwexesha. BC kwekhulu IV, yaMandulo Greece, Velikiy Platon, isikolo sakhe-bulumko kunye nemisebenzi, ngubani unanamhla andilahlekelwanga ukufaneleka kunye nenzala. Ngo omnye wabo - yomsebenzi "Phaedo" - Plato ucaphula uSocrates, yena lowo abe umfundi wakhe, apho ezihlangwini zakhe zaqaqamba ucebisa ngaphantsi ukukhangela kuye, ndikhusela umbono wakhe. Inyaniso ngaphezu komgunyazisi, uSocrates zazithi. Kunye nombhali i "Phaedo" Ndivumelana ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke: "UPlato ngumhlobo wam, kodwa inyaniso ibiza kakhulu." Qaphela ukuba sobulumko unika abafundi isicwangciso ngqo: kufuneka uye ekupheleni, xa ukholwa ilungelo labo, kwaye kufuneka ucinge ukuba ingaba oko engqinelana uluvo notitshala wabo.

Ukusuka uPlato ku Aristotle

Le yamandulo Greek ingcamango yentanda livelise buchopho ezininzi. Akunakwenzeka ukuba ukukhumbula ephawulekayo abameli bayo inye ngaphezulu - Aristotle. Oku, xesha kakhulu, BC IV kwenkulungwane, kuphela nje ezimbalwa kamva. Ebhala umsebenzi enzulu kakhulu "Nicomachean Ethics". Kuyo, uAristotle, iqhubheka ingcinga ootitshala (uSocrates noPlato zonke efanayo), wabhala ukuba, kungakhathaliseki ukuba abahlobo bakhe, ukuba ukhethe phakathi kwabo inyaniso, kuqala kufuneka banikwe njani imali eninzi yonke inyaniso. Nantsi imbali elide kule ngxelo! Kodwa nangoku hayi isiphelo, njengoko ababhali bamandulo abaninzi bakholwa ukuba mthombo wokuqala zonke "sisi-boron" - uSocrates, ukuba igama lakhe eyafakwa aphorism. Kodwa ke, njengoko sele lusekiwe, bekuya kuba echanekileyo ukutsho oko, "UPlato ngumhlobo wam, kodwa inyaniso ibiza kakhulu!"

era olunye

Ngoko ke, siya kuba ngumzekelo nje le ubhalo kunye indida nenkcubeko. Umbhali uye waqala phezulu saziwe wokukhanya, koko aye kowabo. Xa "isiqulatho zizonke" Zininzi ezinjalo iingxelo lisekelwe ke kamva zabuya. Umzekelo, uMartin Luther, esebenzisa postulates zakhe zonqulo bulumko, phantse indlela jikelele enye, kufutshane kakhulu yakwantu ithi: "UPlato ngumhlobo wam, kodwa inyaniso wabazisa", sibala ngakumbi uSocrates kunye nokutya kakhulu volitional "kufuneka kukhethwe." Ixabiso lika kuyo, kunjalo, eqondakalayo: nayiphi na imbambano njengoko nomabi kufuneka enze ngokuchanekileyo, ingqiqo, ukungathathi icala. Okanye inyaniso. Ukuba sithethe ixabiso elililo kwaye amalungelo kuzo zonke izimvo ezikhathazayo.

Makhe sihlole imizekelo

Kwezinye iimeko, ke, kufanelekile ukuba amazwi anjalo? Ngokwenza zonke, xa kufikwa izigqibo ezibalulekileyo eyinqobo apho, umzekelo, inokuba kuxhomekeka kwabantu ubhaqo yenzululwazi ebalulekileyo, zokusombulula imiba yomthetho njalo njalo. D. Okanye nkqu ulwalamano lobuqu. Xa inoveli Dudintsev "imiwunduzo emhlophe" saxoxa imiba enxulumene kwisebe elitsha eziphilayo - imizila yemfuza. Usenokuzibuza, ntoni konke oku iseyeyona aphorism efanayo: "? UPlato ngumhlobo wam, kodwa inyaniso ibiza kakhulu" Meaning kubhaliwe ezinxulumene ngqo ungquzulwano, ziyachazwa kumsebenzi: izazinzulu ndiye malunga abasemagunyeni esemthethweni ukuba nivane yonke kunye "Abantu xa Academician» yezindlu (Lysenko prototype). Kuba ngenxa yenzuzo buqu kunye namandla, "erasure" nje oogxa bakhe italente, kodwa ngokuphandle kwaye falsifies uthululela ubuxoki iimbono zenzululwazi eqhubekayo.

Abanye abangoyikiyo kulwa ngokuphandle nxamnye ezi reactionaries kunye timeservers nokukhusela inyaniso phezu kwazo nje iingozi nazo. It Dozhkin, Tsvyah, Strigalov, Heifetz. Le yokugqibela, umzekelo, ndothuka kangaka xa umoya ubukrwada ebhekiswe kunye alahla kweli qela, nangona kukho abaninzi abahlobo bakhe phakathi Izazinzulu abasebenza apho, ukulungele ukuhamba iindonga iziko, apho wayesebenza iminyaka emininzi. "UPlato ngumhlobo wam, kodwa inyaniso wabazisa" - intsingiselo yale ngxelo, uzibonakalisa izenzo zakhe. Asikukuphela ke oko; I dozhkin kanye ayeze Ryadno professional oyinyaniso, indoda ubukrelekrele kunye netalente, eziphilayo ngonobumba omkhulu. Ukufunda ukuba Academician lehla laya wazenzela ezifunyaniswe zabanye, nababhali babo libabulale kunye ingcinezelo nazo ligqabi kwaye imela inyaniso.

"UPlato ngumhlobo wam, kodwa inyaniso ibiza kakhulu" - ukuba ithetha la mazwi kuye? Kakhulu: Dozhkin azise ukuba isiphelo Kwimeko kwelebhu efihlakeleyo boyiswa. Yena ebenza isichenge ubomi bakhe, badlula ulwazi oluxabisekileyo isasetyenziswa Western, wafika ngokukodwa ngenxa Union. Ke ngoko, iminyaka emininzi, ade afe kukaStalin kunye nokuvuselelwa oogxa bakhe, abanye babo kwiinkampu zentolongo efile okanye, bahlala phantse emfihlekweni. Nantsi into ukuswela imibingelelo abantu bakulungele ukuthatha inqununu inyaniso!

Umzekelo Ufanele kusinika ncwadi!