Uphi ivolv i-PCV? Impawu kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza

I-PCV - inyanzelekile inkqubo ye-ventilation system. Ukusebenza kweyunithi yamandla yemoto kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwiimeko zayo.

Iyiphi inkqubo ye-PCV?

Umsebenzi oyintloko wale nkqubo kukurhoxiswa kwamagesi e-crankcase kwi-injini. Zifumaneka kuzo zonke iinqununu zamandla, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ziphila nobomi kunye nenkonzo. Ukwahlukana kuphela phakathi kwabo kubunjwa kunye nobungakanani. Iigesi ze-crankcase zenziwe kwinjinjini xa umxube womoya ugxininiswe kwiisilinda kunye nexesha lokusebenza koluhlungu, xa iipistoni zehla kwaye umxube sele usetshenziswe ngomlilo. Ngaphantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu, bangena kwi-crankcase yenjini kwaye kaninzi bahlala kwiifowuni ze-valve ezinemiqulu emincinci.

Kwi-crankcase, badibanisa neoli injini, baqala ukuyi-oxidize. Uxinzelelo kwi-crankcase landa, njengoko iigesi ziqhubeka zigeleza kuyo. Ngenxa yoko, ungaziphosa iinqwelo zeoli, i-dipstick okanye udibanise isiqhekeza sentsimbi ye-oil filler. Ukubeka nje, phantsi koxinzelelo olongezelelweyo, iigesi zizama ukushiya i-crankcase kwaye zifuna indawo ebuthathaka. Inkqubo ye-PCV ikhona ukususa i-crankcase formations, ihlola ingcinezelo kwinkqubo. Ukususela kwiimbobo zephini, iigesi zisuswe ngomoya wokungena umoya. Kuza kubekho, kukho iindidi ezine eziphambili zezo ndlela.

Vula inkqubo

Isici esahlukileyo solu hlobo lwenkqubo kukuxhamla emoyeni. Iigesi eziqokelelwe kwi-crankcase phantsi koxinzelelo lwazo zikhutshwa ngomoya wevini. Ngokwendalo, le nto ayilona khetho, kuba iqulethe inani elikhulu lezinto ezinobungozi. Kule meko, ukukhululwa kweegesi kuhamba kunye nevumba elimnandi kunye nobushushu obuphezulu kufuphi nemoto.

Inkqubo yokubonelela ngomoya

Inkqubo yale nkqubo ifana neyokudlulileyo. Kodwa ke unomoya ophumayo. Ukudlula kwinqanaba lecebo lokucoca, liza ngebhodi yecandelo elithile kwi-crankcase, kwaye ukusuka apho ikhutshwa kwi- valve yokulawula emoyeni kunye ne-gases. Le nkqubo inqabile kakhulu. Inenombolo enkulu yokungalungi, ngoko yayingasetyenziswanga kwiimoto.

Inkqubo yokuhamba

Umoya ongena kwi-crankcase iphuma kunye ne-gases ngokusebenzisa i-valve ekhethekileyo kwisithuba kwi-valve fly valve. Le nkqubo inqabile. Iqukethe i-pluses kunye ne-minuses zayo, kuba ioli ye-injini iphendula ngomoya.

Iprogram yokuvalwa yokuvalwa

Inkqubo eqhelekileyo namhlanje. Iigesi eziqokelelwe kwi-crankcase zikhishwe kuyo. Umgaqo wenkqubo yile ndlela ilandelayo: emva kwevaji ye-throttle ecaleni kwintlobo ye-intakeko kukho ipayipi yesebe apho kukho i-valve ye-PCV kunye ne-oil separator. Xa ucinezela i-pedelerator pedal kwaye uvule i-damper kwiintlobo ezininzi zokudla idala i-vacuum, ekhokelela ekuqiniseni kuyo. Ngako oko, uxinzelelo lomva luveliswa kwi-valve spout. Oku kubangela ukuvula kunye nokudweba kwamagesi e-crankcase kwisibilini, ukungena kwigumbi lokubasa nokutsha. Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga kwendalo, le nkqubo iyona nto ibhetele.

I-PCV Inkqubo yokwakha

Ngokuxhomekeka kwinjineli, isakhiwo se-PCV sisenokuhluka. Iimoto ezimiselweyo kunye nee-inline, zihluke kumalungiselelo ezinxalenye: kwiinjini zokuqala, umzekelo, kukho izikhonkwane ezimbini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iinkqubo zokuphucula umoya ze-valves kunye ne-crankcase ziyahlanganiswa zibe yinkqubo enye. Nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi, ukwakhiwa kwezi nkqubo kufana. Izinto eziphambili zilandelayo:

1. Iibhobho zesebe. Ngenxa yokucoca okufakwe kwiintlobo ezininzi zokudla, iigesi zitsalwa ngabo. Amandla ombhobho kufuneka aphakanyiswe, kuba izinto ezisuswayo zibonakaliswa ngokushisa okuphezulu kwaye akukho ngaphantsi kwengcinezelo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezinjalo ziindawo zeplastiki okanye ziqiniswe. Ngokuqhelekileyo unokufumana iinketho zetsimbi.
2. IVVV. Ilawula inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwamagesi e-crankcase kwaye ikhusela ingress yomoya. I-valve ye-PCV ivuthelwa kuphela kumqokeleli. Xa ihlanjululwa kwi-crankcase, ivala. Nangona kunjalo, unokufumana zombini zombini kunye nezigesi zombane.
3. Uhlu lweoli. Esikwi-crankcase space kukho rhoqo inkungu ethile, njengoko iinjini zenjini zihlala zihamba. Ngako oko, i-oyile isasazwa kuzo. Kweminye iistim, kukho iibhulo zangaphakathi eziphalazayo. I-separator ye-oyile yenzelwe ukwahlula i-crankcase gesi kunye neoli, ukuphuma kweyokuqala nokushiya okwesibini kwinjini.

Uphi ivalve yePVV?

Indawo yendawo inokuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ethile yokwenza kunye nemodeli yemoto kunye nohlobo lwenjini. Kwiimeko ezininzi, itholakala kwisikhumba se-valves.

Iiplani ze-valv design design

Umsebenzi oyintloko we-valve ye-PCV kwisistim sokungenisa umoya ukulungisa utshutshiso lwegaseki yegankcase ngokubondla ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Xa injini iyaqhaqhaza kwaye ingabonakali, i- flattle flap yinto encane. Kodwa ngelo xesha i-volume of crankcase gases iphantsi. Ngoko ke, umzila omncinci ukwanele ukuqhubela umoya. I-valves valve kule meko phantsi kwefuthe lokukhupha okuphezulu. Kodwa ishaneli yokunikezelwa kwezinto ze-crankcase iguqa, ikhulula umthamo wawo omncinci.

Inombolo yefomethi ekwi-crankcase yanda ngokukhawuleza xa i-gas pedal igxininiswe kwaye ininzi ephezulu kwinjini. Ngoko ke, i-valve ye-PCV iya kuba nesimo esinjalo sokuvelisa ubuninzi ngangokunokwenzeka. Kwiinkqubo ezinjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho imodeli ekhethekileyo yefowuni, ebonakaliswa ukuqhuma kwegesi ezivuthayo kwiindawo ezininzi zokubamba kwi-cylinder. Kule meko, i-valve ye-PCV igxininise ngaphantsi kwefuthe, kodwa kungeyiyo yokucoca, ekhokelela ekupheleni kwayo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uthintele ukutshabalalisa umphunga we-fuel oqoqwe kwi-crankcase.

Ukungasebenzi kweenkqubo zokungenisa umoya ngeegankcase gases

Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ye-PCV kungabangela ukuvuza kweoli injini. Iibhobho zesebe zesistimu yokuphuphuma umoya, ukuvala, ukudala uxinzelelo oluninzi kwi-crankcase . Oku kukhokelela ekugqibeleni kwamagesi okukhupha kunye neoli kwi-injini. Ekuqaleni, i-oyile inokungena kwi-orifice yeprobethi endaweni yamalungu kunye namatywina. Isiphumo esingajabulisi kakhulu sinokufinyelwa kwamatywina eoli. Ukupheliswa kokusebenza kakuhle kwehlulo lweoli yenkqubo yokuphuphuma umoya kubangela ukubonakala kweoli yefowuni kwifayili yomoya kunye ne- valve fly valve . Ukuba i-valve ye-PCV ayisebenzi kakuhle, oku kungakhokelela ekudaleni umxube we-fuel enziwe.

IPVV

Umtsalane onqabileyo, ongenakuvakalayo we-injini ingxaki apho abanini beemoto zangaphandle beempawu ezahlukeneyo bahlala bejamelana nazo. Ngokomzekelo, uhlala ekhathaza abanini bemoto "uNissan". I-valve ye-PCV ibangela le mpazamo. Ukubethela kubonakala ngenxa yezinto eziyilo kunye nomsebenzi wenxalenye ngokwayo. I-valve ye-PCV ifakwe ngaphakathi kwindlu yeplastiki ngaphakathi apho ibhola okanye ipiston iphakanyisiwe ukusuka kwicala lokungena kwe-air flow by spring. Ngendawo engasebenzi, uhlala kwindawo evaliweyo.

Xa umthamo wegreencase gases ukwanda, uxinzelelo lomoya lusetyenziswa kwisivini. Oku kukukhokelela ekuhambeni kwayo kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-airflow kwi-system. Emva kwexesha, intwasahlobo kunye neendonga zendlu zihlambuluke ngeenxalenye ezincinci zeoli, ezibangela ukuba ivalve ivalwe. Xa i-pedelerator pedal isicinezelekile kwaye ivalve ye-throttle ivuliwe, i-vacuum iyadalwa ngokufakela ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ixabiso elikhulu lomoya litsalwa ngokugqithiswa okubangelwa yiyo, nto leyo eyenza injini ikhwele umkhwelo.

Ukususa ikhwelo ngokucoca i-valve

I-Valve PCV "Lacetti" yindleko ephantsi, egcina imali ekulungiseni le moto. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze ulahle umrhumo we injini, akufuneki ukuba usebenzise indawo yokufaka indawo. Isizathu sokubonakala kwesandi senkampani yesithathu kukungcoliswa kwevavayi. Ukuphelisa ukungasebenzi okunjalo, kwanele ukucoca i-valve ye-PCV "Ford", "iNissan" okanye omnye umatshini. Uyilo lwenxalenye lulula. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ngokucophelela umzimba, owenziwe kwiimodeli ezindala zemoto zenziwe nge-aluminium, kwaye ezitsha zenziwe ngeplastiki.

Ukucoca i-valve ye-PCV

Unokuyihlamba ivalve kumanyathelo athile:

• Ukurhoxiswa. Ukucoca i-valve, kufuneka isuswe. Itholakala ecaleni kwendawo yokucoca indlu. I-valve inokufumaneka kwi-cover, ejoliswe kwiipayipi zokungenisa umoya kwindawo ye-crankcase okanye uhlale kwenye indawo.
• Ukucoca. Ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezivela kuyo umzimba we-valve, indlela yokucoca iguqulwa, kwaye akukho mzamo osebenzayo. Ukucoca inxalenye ye-aluminium, unokukhetha nayiphi na i-agent agent: i-liquid okanye i-aerosol ifakwe kwindawo okanye isetyenziselwa ukuhlamba. Kwimeko yokugqibela, i-valve ifakwa kwisitya esigcwele isitya. Ukucocwa kwe-plastics casings, izixhobo ezinobundlobongela azikwazi ukusetyenziswa: zingonakalisa inxalenye, enokubangela ukutshintshwa kwayo ngokupheleleyo.
• Ukufakwa. Icandelo elihlambulukileyo libuyiselwa kwindawo kwaye lizinzile.

Kulula ukucoca i-valve ye-PCV: i-Ford Focus unayo, uNissan okanye i-Audi - akunandaba. Nangona kunjalo, kuyinqweneleka ukunika inkqubo kubaphathi. Ukucocwa ngokucokisekileyo kokuncedisa kuya kunceda ukuphelisa umkhwelo ongekho.

Ndifanele nditshintshe nini ivalve?

Abanikazi abaninzi beemoto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle bajongene nesidingo sokutshintsha indawo efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa, njenge-valve ye-PCV. "I-Chrysler" idla ngo kufuna inkqubo enjalo. Iimpawu zokuba lixesha lokugcina i-valve entsha zizinto ezilandelayo:

• Ukubonakala komloli onqabileyo phantsi kwegumbi lemoto.
• Engenzi lutho.
• Ukwandisa inani leoli kwi-intercooler. Kuyo kwaye kunye ne-valve PCV esebenzayo, kodwa kungekho kwimimandla emikhulu.
• Ukwandiswa kokusetyenziswa kweoli.
• Ukunciphisa ukunyuswa kwengcinezelo. Kule meko, imoto iyaziphatha ngokuhlukileyo kunaphambili.
• Ukusuka kumithombo yamakhandlela, i-oil filler okanye i-feeler, i-oli ivela. Ngenxa yoko, kunokukhokelela ekuvukeni kweempawu zeoli ze- crankshaft. Ukupheliswa kweengxaki ezinjalo kuya kubangela ipenny enkulu.
• Ukususela kumbhobho wokukhenkcela ngokungaqhubekiyo ukuphosa ngaphandle kwamafu omsi omnyama.

Ukutshintsha i-valve ye-PCV

Emva kokufumana izixhobo ezifunekayo, ungaqalisa inkqubo yokutshintsha i-valve. Kule meko kuyimfuneko ukukhumbula ngezi zinto ezinje:

1. Ukutshintsha okanye ukucoca i-valve ye-PCV, i-multiply intake kufuneka isuswe. Inkqubo ilula kwaye ikhawuleza, ngokwaneleyo ukuba inesixhobo esiyimfuneko sisondele.
2. I-valve ifakwa phezulu kwinqanaba le-cylinder, phakathi kweentloko zazo. Ukufikelela kuyo kuyinto encinci, kodwa kunelungelo lokuyitshintsha.
3. Inxalenye engezantsi yomqokeleli ayikwazi ukususwa ngokupheleleyo, velisa kancane.
4. I-PCV ye-valve ephantsi kwe "ubulumko" beemoto iya kwi-tube. Kumele inqanyulwe kwiqendu lesibini kwaye isuse zombini iinqunci. Ngenxa yoko, i-valve kuphela iya kuhlala kwisihlulo seoli.
5. Indawo ejikeleze kuyo ifaneleka ukucoceka. Eyona nto ibhetele yenziwa ngomoya.
6. I-valve iphendulwe ngokuchasene newashi. Ngokuqhelekileyo ine-ledgege yesikwere eququzelela inkqubo yokususa. Oku kunokwenziwa nge-plateypuses - ayifanelekanga, kodwa ngokukhawuleza.
7. I-valve ye-PCV engaqinisekanga kufuneka ihlolwe kwaye ifakwe. Oku kuya kwenziwa nge-hose ecocekileyo. Inxalenye kufuneka iqhutywe kwicandelo lomqokeleli.
8. I-valve entle ingcono ukutshintsha emva kweekhilomitha eziliwaka ezili-100 zokuhamba.
9. Faka i-valve entsha uze uhlanganise yonke into elandeleleneyo.

Ngexesha elifanayo, unokujonga ubungqina kwaye uphendule iibhobho zesebe njengoko kuyimfuneko. Iziphene zazo eziphambili zi:

• Ngexesha elide, inxalenye yabo ephezulu iphothiwe kwaye iqala ukupompa umoya;
• Ukuqhagamshelana phakathi kwee-hoses kuqala ukuhlawulela.

Yilungise kakuhle - mhlawumbi ngokufaka indawo yombhobho, okanye ngokusasaza iiselingi kunye namalungu kunye ne-sealant. Inkqubo yokubuyisela i-valve ichazwe ngokucacileyo kwinqununu yesithuthi. Umyalelo uboniswa ziifoto ezifunekayo.

I-valve ye-PCV yenye yezona zixhobo ze-crankcase system ventilation system, apho ukusebenza kwemoto yemoto kuxhomekeke kuyo. Ukungasebenzi kwayo kungakhokelela ekunyuseni kokusetyenziswa kweoli injini, ukungonakaliswa kokusingathwa kunye nokungaphumeleli kweyunithi yamandla. Ukuthintela imiphumo enjalo, ukucoca ngexesha kunye nokutshintshwa kwevavve ye-PCV kuya kunceda. Ezi nkqubo ziqhutywa ngokukhawuleza kwaye zilula. Azidingi iindleko ezinkulu kwaye ziyakwenziwa ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kokubandakanywa kwabaphathi benkonzo yemoto. Injini yemoto iyasebenza kuphela kumnini wayo.