UNorma inqanaba athwala egazini nabasetyhini: itafile, ukunyhashwa neempawu

Ebudeni uviwo ngokucokisekileyo zonke ugqirha kufuneka ukuba bajonge isixa mpilo egazini, izinga lothemba yawo, ingakumbi kwisiqingatha nemazi koBuntu. Kukho itafile udwelisa lonke utshintsho kumanqanaba haemoglobin ngokobudala. Oku ukubona nini ukuya kunikezela epheleleyo segazi, yaye nokuhlola umgangatho wayo kufuneka rhoqo, kuba kokuthandabuza sinokubonisa iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu. Kodwa kufuneka ube yintoni sisithethe kwi haemoglobin egazini yamabhinqa kweminyaka ethile? Yintoni ngokubanzi na umthamo kunye nendima idlala emzimbeni womntu?

Yintoni mpilo?

Athwala - an kombala kweziphilayo obomvu. isiseko sayo ithathwa protein. Ukuba ujonga isihloko, uzithetha kuba ngokwako - globin kunye heme - inxalenye apho oyena ndoqo yi yentsimbi. Athwala amaqela enkulu iiseli ezibomvu leyo oksijini yezothutho. Ngelo xesha xa igazi engena imiphunga, ihemoglobin kuthatha phezu oksijini oxyhemoglobin ibonakala. Blood, mpilo, abe umthunzi eliqaqambileyo ebomvu, unikeza zonke iiseli zomzimba eziyimfuneko element.

Oxyhemoglobin emva zigcwele izihlunu umzimba womntu, ibola. Igazi ludlulele hayi yegazi ngemithambo, lwemithambo ingqalelo, kwaye inombala osisityebi, bonke ngenxa yokuba iquka ingekho ioksijini, kwaye kukho carboxyhemoglobin. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uqonde ukuba yintoni na izinga mpilo egazini yabafazi abafuna ukwazi ukuba yintoni na uhlahlelo, nto leyo ebonisa umxholo wayo.

Zalisa segazi, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba athwala

Xa yingcali uphumeza isifundo igazi ngemicroscope nokusebenzisa ubuchule ezizodwa, oko kugqiba inqanaba mpilo kwindawo umxube emithanjeni negazi lwemithambo. Ekuvelisweni kwale protini ebalulekileyo echaphazela ngokungalunganga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo izifo, apho inkqubela emzimbeni, uninzi lwaba bantu abakwazi baze basole.

Ukuba isigulana umntu sifo okanye yokunqongophala kwe-oksijini emzimbeni, ngoko nangoko kunciphise kakhulu umgangatho ihemoglobin, nto leyo ethetha ukuba onke amabhunga phantsi koxinzelelo kwaye kufuneka ngokukhawuleza kuhlangulwa. Kule meko, kukho uphuhliso esebenzayo iiseli ezibomvu ukuhambisa iiseli ioksijini ezifuneka kakhulu. Kodwa ke, njengokuba kuchaziwe ngaphambili, izinga kwinqanaba haemoglobin egazini kwabafazi buchazwa uvavanyo lwegazi eqhelekileyo, naphambi kwakho kungatshitshi, kufuneka bazilungiselele kakuhle.

Indlela ukuhlalutya ngokulungiselela

Fumana ngedatha ethembekileyo kwinqanaba mpilo egazini kunokwenzeka kuphela xa ukulungiselela ngokufanelekileyo uviwo. Kuba oku baya uvavanyo igazi, kodwa imigaqo ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ilandelwe beempawu ngokuchanekileyo:

• isampulu yegazi ukuze ngehemoglobin (umyinge igazi abasetyhini, amadoda, abantwana zisenokuthi zahluke kancinane, kodwa hayi kakhulu) lwenziwa kusasa ungatyanga, ukongeza, isigulane kufuneka ningadli kwiiyure ngaphambi kwe-8 phambi kokuba le nkqubo.

• Ngenye imini phambi komhla olucwangciselwe ukuqokelelwa igazi mabangezi ezityiwa ukutya du kunye zinongiwe.
• Kwakhona, xa iintsuku ezimbalwa phambi kokuba unikezelo kuhlalutyo kufuneka uye geza, ukuba aqhube naluphi na uhlobo iinkqubo thermal.
• Ngeyure phambi kokuba unikezelo zohlalutyo ukuze ayeke ukutshaya.
• Akukhuthazwa ukuba uhlalutyo emva kokwenziswa-X-reyi kwaye amanye amayeza ukuyifundisa.
• Khumbula ukuba umphumo ezinokuchaphazela uxinezeleko ngokweemvakalelo amandla omzimba.

Ukuze ubone ephantsi okanye phezulu, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba izinga kwinqanaba haemoglobin egazini kwabasetyhini kunye namadoda.

amazinga athwala Eqhelekileyo

Le theyibhile ingezantsi ibonisa umyinge haemoglobin ukuba zombini nabafazi, ukususela ekuzalweni kunye nesiphelo kunye nokuguga:

Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuba haemoglobin (umyinge igazi abasetyhini, amadoda, abantwana malunga efanayo) yahlukile kancinane, kwaye umda eqhelekileyo ingahluka phakathi 110-160. Yaye ubudala egazini kuba mkhulu kakhulu, apho le nto kufuneka iiprotini langoku ngakumbi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba inqanaba haemoglobin liya kuba ngaphezulu. Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni, ukuba inqanaba haemoglobin iphantsi okanye phezulu?

neqondo eliphantsi mpilo

athwala abaqhelekileyo kwi egazini kwabafazi (amanqanaba Uluhlu ezichazwe ngasentla) yaziwa, kodwa ukuba umgangatho wathi elisezantsi, i-anaemia. Izinto engabangela kuyo, inani elikhulu. Kwiimeko ezininzi zibangelwa yi nokuphungulwa kwinqanaba yokunqongophala vitamin B12 kunye folate, ngaphandle kokuba kuhlanganiswa haemoglobin kunye neeseli ezibomvu ukuze aphuhlise anemia ngenxa ezimbi ezingapheliyo ezibandakanya nokopha, umz, esuswini.

kwinqanaba athwala ukuze zibhalwe kumguli emva ukungenisa imali eninzi igazi, umzekelo, ukuba kukho umntu onikela, phambi ezimbi ezithile. Abafazi, Weight abalindi, yaye ngokufuthi abazonwabisa isondlo, kwakhona sinotyekelo anaemia kuba badla ngokutya ukutya ephantsi yentsimbi. Yintoni athwala egazini kwabasetyhini nanjengokwesimo, siyazi, kodwa isixa yancitshiswa kunokukhokelela kwintlekele.

Iimpawu yamanqanaba athwala eliphantsi

Ukumisela izinga eliphantsi HB kunokuba ngokwakho ukuba ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• ukuduma;
• isikhumba eyomileyo libunile;
• tachycardia;
• ukuqhekeka iimbombo zomlomo;
• ugwayi;
• yintloko kunye nesiyezi;
• iinwele eyomileyo aphuke;

• ukuphelelwa umoya;
• lifathul nail lwawo;
• nokudinwa;
• yobuthathaka;
• uqweqwe emthubi zomlomo;
• ulwimi uba ebomvu.

Zonke ezi mpawu lubonisa ukuba kukho imfuno engxamisekileyo uphumelele uvavanyo oluya kunceda ubone athwala kwabasetyhini (eqhelekileyo, eziphezulu nezisezantsi). Amaxesha amaninzi, ihemoglobin sehlile nabafazi sondle abantwana, iimpawu ukuze bangabi ezithile.

Iimpawu igazi amabhinqa akhulelweyo

amaninzi kakhulu abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kwinqanaba haemoglobin elisezantsi esibonakaliswa ngendlela ukuphazamiseka kwendlela ivumba kunye nemvakalo ukushukumisa. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba abasetyhini bafuna bazintlantlathe itshokhwe, ezinye ngokuluqaba mhlophe nje nokukhotha evela iindonga, kumkhawulela loo ezinqabileyo, kodwa kuyenzeka. rhoqo, uya kuqaphela indlela abafazi kudla inyama ekrwada okanye ufuna indawo apho ukuphefumla incasa ethile, ezifana ipetroli, ukupeyinta imisi ukubhitya okanye zeemoto.

Zonke ezi iimpawu zibonisa ukuba izinga haemoglobin egazini (norm for amabhinqa urhulumente kwi uluhlu 110-160 g / l) lifinyele, ukuze imfuno engxamisekileyo adibane specialist oya kwenza iimviwo kwaye zibeka unyango. rhoqo uthomalaliso ekunokuthi kusekelwe phezu isondlo esifanelekileyo.

Yintoni ekufuneka ukutya athwala eliphantsi?

Wonke sele kudala kwaziwa ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo ngeke wasebenzisa iziyobisi, koko, ngenxa iimpawu ngamnye nabo inani amachiza aye akhatywe ngumzimba. Kungenxa kwiimeko ezinjalo kuyacetyiswa ukutshintsha idayethi ekwandiseni imveliso yawo ahlanganiswe yentsimbi. Oogqirha bacebisa ukudla:

• iziqhushumbisi;
• amaqanda;
• nuts;
• isibindi;
• iimbotyi;
• iintlanzi.

Ukongeza kule ukutya kufuneka sibekho iimveliso zizityebi Vitamin C, ezifana cranberries, currants kunye yesitrasi. Sele isigqibo into ukulinganisa umgangatho haemoglobin negazi kwabasetyhini, kwaye ngoku makhe sithethe ngoko kubonisa kwemfuneko.

amazinga athwala High

Le meko iqhelekileyo xa inqanaba haemoglobin ingaphantsi eqhelekileyo, kodwa phezulu oko unako. Kulo mzekelo, igazi uba viscous ngakumbi uthabathe uhlalutyo isigulane kuba nzima kakhulu, kude ngexesha wokufunyanwa nako zicinge ukuba haemoglobin iphezulu kakhulu kunesiqhelo. ukusebenza Higher kusenokuba kubonisa kwizifo ezifana:

• yesifo senhliziyo;
• polycythemia (xa kumanqanaba iiseli ezibomvu egazini);
• isha;
• kokuphazamiseka ethunjini;
• diabetes;
• insufficiency ezesifuba nezengekho miphungeni.

Kodwa kukho ezinye izizathu ezikhokelela ekubeni ukunyuka kweqondo mpilo kwabasetyhini. kumanqanaba angcono ingabonisa emzimbeni, kodwa ngakumbi kule salathisi imeko usenokuba yinkohliso, futhi enye kuphela ukunyenyisa inani yakho iziselo, njengabo bonke eqhelekileyo.

Kukho kwakhona iqondo mpilo kunokubangela rhurha (ukutshaya) okanye kwindawo yomsebenzi ibekwe kwi kwindawo ephezulu. Kulo mzekelo, umzimba uvelisa isixa esikhulu mpilo, nabo bonke ngenxa yokuba ukuba xa ephezulu inqanaba, le mpilo. Ukuba kukho naziphi na iintshukumo zokwaphulwa kwemithetho, ngoko imfuno engxamisekileyo ukuba axilongwe ukutyhila sizathu ukuba benze konke okusemandleni ukuze ufumane unyango.

Oko kuya kunceda ukubuyisela haemoglobin eqhelekileyo?

Ukuba athwala liye landa okanye ihliswe, kwaye oku kubangelwa nayiphi ngezifo, unyango ekhethiweyo ngokuchanekileyo kuya kunceda kwixesha elifutshane kakhulu ixesha bunjani bonke. Kuba abo bafazi kunika izifo yabasetyhini, kuphela emva kokuba ukupheliswa yabo isebenze ukuyilwa igazi yendalo ukubuyisela mpilo. Ummiselo kwabasetyhini abangaphezulu kweminyaka zinokutshintsha ukuya exesheni, kwaye kule meko iya kunceda amachiza afanelekileyo.

Kusenokwenzeka kwakhona zisenokubangelwa ukuncitshiswa ukopha lwangaphakathi, de zisonjululwa, abuyele yonke into eqhelekileyo iya kuba akwenzeki, ukongeza, nokuba igazi ilahleko encinane ngaphakathi ntsholongwane ziyakwazi ukuba ibulale, ngoko kuhle ukuba udibane nogqirha kunye ukuchonga oko kwadala ngokubonakala kwegazi .

Nokonyuka athwala, enamandla amakhulu weeseli zegazi erythrocytes nokuphefumla nzima negazi ejikelezayo izicwili, le urhulumente eyingozi.

isiphelo

Ngamafutshane, umntu uthi kanye into eza kuthethwa ngumntu ngamnye kufuneka esweni umgangatho haemoglobin rhoqo, nakuzo zonke iintlanga zakhe khawuleza ufune uncedo kugqirha. Ngokuchanekileyo ukuchonga unobangela uhlolo intlokoma uncedo leyo, ukongeza, ukuvumela ukuba pick up unyango, akayi kuphela uncedo ukuphelisa esi sifo, kodwa kusenokukhokelela haemoglobin obuqhelekileyo.