Umqulu kwi-shishini elincinci - incwadana yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezincinci kunye nezixhobo ezibonakalayo

Umkhosi ngamnye ufuna amajoni afanelekileyo. Ngokwemvelo, kufuneka bakwazi ukudubula, kodwa baqhube ukujolisa. Ukuze uqeqesho lusebenze, kubalulekile ukudibanisa i-theory kunye nokusebenza. Ukunceda umqeqeshi kunye namajoni kukho into enhle kangaka, njengomyalelo kwi shishini elincinci. Le myalelo, iqulunqwe kuyo nayiphina isikhali esakhutshwa kwi-USSR naseRussia, ikuvumela ukuba ufunde ngokuzimeleyo le nkqubo kwaye uqonde kangcono umcebisi. Inyaniso yokuba le mibhalo yaqulunqwa kwaye yapapashwa ngo-1970 ayibalulekanga kakhulu. Zisasebenza nanamhlanje kulabo bafuna ukufunda izixhobo ezincinci ngokugqibeleleyo.

Yiyiphi incwadana yokupasa

Le miyalelo yincwadi esemthethweni ehlanganiswe yiengcali zeSebe lezoKhuseleko. Ukuhlanganiswa kunye nemiyalelo ipapashwa kumafomathi ahlukeneyo-ezi zibonelelo eziqhelekileyo, kunye nemiyalelo yoluhlobo lwezoxhobo ezahlukeneyo. Ziqulethe ulwazi oluyisiseko kwi-ballistics, ukuyila kwezixhobo zonke, izimo zokusetyenziswa kwazo, ukugcinwa kunye nokugcinwa, iindlela kunye nemithetho yokudubula. Ngale miyalelo, unokuyifunda kakuhle ingcamango yeshishini elincinci, funda indlela yokuqokelela, ukudibanisa nokugcina izixhobo zobuqu.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqoke ibhotile, isibhamu okanye umshishini, kuyimfuneko ukufundisisa umyalelo kwi-shishini elincinci kwinxalenye yolwazi kwi-ballistics yangaphakathi nangaphandle, ukusabalalisa iibhola ngexesha lokudubula kunye nokutshuntshwa. Oku kuya kunceda ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa kwezi meko kunye neenjongo ezithile.

Injongo kunye neempawu zokulwa

Uhlobo ngalunye lweendlela zobugcisa ezisetyenziselwa ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokungabikho kokuphila kunenjongo ethile. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukwazi iipropati zabo. Kule meko kuphela iinjongo ezimiselweyo ziya kuphunyezwa ngempumelelo. Ngokomzekelo, incwadana yenkampani encinane (AKM) ayichazi kuphela ukwakhiwa kwesibhamu seKalashnikov kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza kwayo. Kule ncwadana, ichazwa njengesixhobo apho ungatshisa khona, nasiphi na isikhundla esilungileyo-ukuma, ukuxoka, ukusuka emadolweni, ukusuka emanzini, kwindawo eqhutywayo yokudubula. Kule meko, akukhuthazwa ukuba ukhethe isikhundla sokudubula entabeni. Kodwa kwi-manual ye-Dragunov's sniper bundulo kuthiwa xa udubula kwesi sixhobo, unokukhetha inkalo yokuqhuba umlilo zombini kunye nomsele.

Ukugcina nokuKhathalela

Ukuze isixhobo sihlale silulungele ukusetyenziswa kwayo, sidinga ukunakekelwa okhethekileyo nokugcinwa. Ukucocwa kweepistoli okanye iimpu zomqhubi zenziwa ngaphambi nangemva kokudubula, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanye amaxesha - ubuncinane kanye ngeveki. Okufanayo kunconywa ngumyalelo kwi-shishini elincinci (PM) ukuba lenze nge-pistol Makarov.

I-lubricant ayivumeli ukuba umswakama uwe kwiindawo zentsimbi yezixhobo ezikhuselekileyo. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuqhuba ngokukhawuleza emva kokucoca. Umqulu kwi-shishini elincinci licebisa ukusetyenziswa kwegrisi yesibhamu kunye nesisombululo se-RFS. Ngaphambi kokucoca kunye nokucoca naluphi na isikhali, kubalulekile ukulungiselela izinto kunye nezinto zokusebenza, uze udibanise.

Kukho imiyalelo eyahlukeneyo yokugcina imiyalelo. Nasiphi na isikhali xa kushukunyiswa kufuneka kufakwe kwi fuse. Kwiindawo apho umkhosi wempi unqunywe ngokusisigxina, indawo ezithile zabiwe ukugcinwa. Izibhamu zokuhlaselwa kweKalashnikov zigcinwa kwifomu ekhutshwe kwipiramidi. Umqulu kwi-shishini elincinci (i-SVD) linika ikamelo elithile elikhethekileyo lokugcina izinto ezibonakalayo kwiindawo zokuthenga, iintengiso, izitya kunye neengxowa. Ukusetyenziswa kwamagobhabhi iipramramid stand.

Ukuhlolwa nokulungiselela ukudubula

Nasiphina isikhali kufuneka sihlolwe rhoqo. Oku kwenziwa ukwenzela ukuba ungabandakanyi ukungasebenzi kwawo kwiimeko zokulwa: emsebenzini, ngokulinda, ekulwa. Kodwa ekuqhubheni isibhamu saseKalashnikov, incwadana yecala lokudubula (AK) licebisa ukuba kuqhutywe uphenyo nangona kungenakucwangciselwa ukuyisebenzisa kwikamva elizayo. Okufanayo kuya kwi- SCS carbine. Kubalulekile ukukhangela isibhamu ngenxa yokugqwala, ukungcola, ukukhawulwa, ukuchithwa kweengxenye kunye nezixhobo.

Ukuze ulungiselele isixhobo sokudubula, kuyimfuneko ukucoca iindawo zalo zensimbi, ukuyihlola kwifom ehlangeneyo kwaye uhlole iziqeshana (ezitolo). Ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphoso okanye ukungasebenzi, ayinakusetyenziswa.

Imigaqo jikelele yokudubula

Umqulu kwimeko yokudubula inikeza imiyalelo ethile yokudubula kwindlela nganye yezixhobo. Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukubeka iliso kwikhondo lemfazwe. Injongo yokutshatyalaliswa kufuneka kukhethwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ukuyibetha ngexesha elihle kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukubeka esweni iziphumo zokudubula kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ulungele ukuziphatha komlilo; Khangela ubukho beekhodiji kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuzaliswa kwazo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Izixhobo zokudubula kwizixhobo ezahlukahlukeneyo

Umfutho wokubhabhisa i-sniper ibhalelwe ukutshabalalisa iithagethi ezikhoyo. Ukuze ukudubula kusebenze, kuyimfuneko nje kuphela ukuba ukhethe ngokufanelekileyo indawo yokuqhuba umlilo, kodwa ukucacisa umgama ekujoliswe kuwo. Ukongezelela, le ncwadana ye-SVD ishishini licebisa ukuba liqwalasele izimo zemozulu kunye neentlobo zomlilo ngaphezu kweemitha ezili-500.

Isibhamu sokuhlaselwa kweKalashnikov sisetyenzisiwe ukuba sinqobe iithagethi zokunqanda ukunyuka kwemikhosi yeentshaba, ekubeni umgama okhulayo ukuchaneka kokuchithwa kwehla kuhla. Iinkcukacha malunga neenkcukacha ezincinci zoshishino (AKM) iinkcukacha, apho izibonelelo kunye nendlela yokuvelisa umlilo xa wenza imisebenzi ethile.

UCarbine Simonova uwaziwa ngokuchanekileyo komlilo. Kwaye, nangona sele ikhutshwe kwiimbambano zomkhosi, iyaqhubeka isetyenziselwa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo. Ekubeni i-carbine ingenayo into ebonakalayo, incwadana ye-shishini (iSSCS) isincoma ukujonga iithagethi ngeziliso ze-iso okanye ukusebenzisa iibinki. Kwakhona, ichaza imigaqo yokujolisa phantsi kweemeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo kunye nobushushu bomoya.

Isibhamu se- Sniper neSVD kunye nokuzithobela i-carbine iSimonova-into ephumelele kakhulu

Esikhundleni sokugqiba kunengqiqo ukuthetha amagama ambalwa malunga nale hlobo lesikhali. Isibhamu se-Dragoon se-sniper sihlukile kwindlela yayo, nangona kukho utshintsho oluthile kunye nophuculo. IiNcwadi kwiinkampani ezincinci, ezibhaliweyo kuye, musa ukuthumela yonke ingqiqo yale sixhobo. Ngaphezu koko, isasetyenziselwa kwimimandla yomkhosi waseRussian Federation yokwenza imisebenzi ethile okanye ukulwa.

Kwabo abanomdla kumsebenzi we-sniper, obhalwe ngo-1970, incwadana ye-bhukwana (SVD) iya kunceda ukukhangela ukudubula kwisibhamu kwindawo ebonakalayo. Udibaniso lwamava lomqeqeshi kunye nenkolelo inokunika iziphumo ezintle.

I-carbon ye-self-loading ye-Simonov yayidlulileyo kwinqanaba le-Armed army. Nangona kunjalo, iintlobo zayo zisasetyenziswa namhlanje - njengesibhamu sokuzingela. Nangona kunjalo ukuba kuthathwa njengento engapheliyo, izitya ezininzi zithengiswa kuyo kwiivenkile. Ngesinye isikhathi, amazwe athile aseAsia athenge ilayisenisi yokuvelisa kwayo, kodwa abaqhelanisi bezixhobo abazikhethela ukuthenga ii-SKS zenziwe ngamaSoviet.