Uluhlu amaxwebhu ezingqina ukuba ungubani ngummi. Federal Law of the Russian Federation kumaxwebhu ezingundoqo ezingqina ungubani ngummi

Ngokufuthi uninzi lwethu bambuza: "Yintoni na, uluhlu lwamaxwebhu ezingqina ukuba ungubani ngummi?" Okunene azibona ukuze oko kunokubonakala kunzima. Kaloku, kufuneka ngakumbi baxoxe esi sihloko kuba ngokwenene kakhulu umdla.

uluhlu olupheleleyo

Ngoko ke, inyathelo lokuqala lokubhengeza uluhlu lwamaxwebhu ezingqina iinkcukacha ze ngummi. Okokuqala - oku, Kakade ke, kukho incwadi yokundwendwela lwangaphakathi. Eyona ibalulekileyo kuthathwa ukuba ube nencwadana yokundwendwela. Yena, ngasendleleni, kukho ikhadi lokuzazisa mandatory abantu abahlala kwamanye amazwe.

isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa , kakhulu, iba kolu luhlu. Enye kuluhlu lwe la maxwebhu ziquka ukuchongwa joni Russia. Xa iyonke kukho iintlobo ezininzi. Oku kube umkhosi ID igosa yesigunyaziso, igosa kwemvume, phoyisa, Awaxela, Noomateloshe kunye namajoni. Sekunjalo ibhekisa kuluhlu kwabatshutshisi yesazisi (zinikwe isithuba). Kwakhona kuluhlu lwamaxwebhu ezingqina ukuba ungubani ngummi engena babizwa ngokuba "incwadi seaman kaThixo" (it kwakhona ngazo zonke ezi zinto zingasentla, ziya kuxoxwe kamva ngakumbi). Nowokugqibela. Umazisi le ngummi, ebhalwe ngaphandle kwifom okhethekileyo - oko ibhekisa kolu luhlu.

Ulwazi oluninzi malunga yokundwendwela

Njengoko sonke siyazi, ukuba - uxwebhu engundoqo ngamnye kuthi. Kufuneka ibe wonke umntu oye ufikelele kwiminyaka yobudala engama-14. Olu xwebhu luqulethe zonke iinkcukacha: Igama elipheleleyo ngummi, isanda sakhe, indawo kunye nomhla wokuzalwa. Ukongeza kule nkcukacha, kusekho uphawu ethile. Bona ziqulathe ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga yobhaliso yomntu (apho uhlala waza wahlala), umsebenzi wakhe wamajoni, ubume bomtshato, abantwana, kwaye malunga namanye amaxwebhu akhutshwa kwixesha langaphambili kumntu ngamnye. Ezi ziquka ipaspoti ngummi, umzekelo.

Kukho iphepha elahlukileyo elinesibhozo, nto leyo inokuthatha inkcazelo onombono ngamnye. Kodwa kulo mzekelo, ukuba ngummi eveza ungayinqweneli. Ezo ulwazi ubalisa uhlobo lwegazi, RH into (amanqaku wayifaka kumaziko empilo achaphazelekayo) kunye nekhowudi yabahambi.

indawo ye yokundwendwela

urhulumente Russian inamba 828 kufuna hayi nje kuphela umbandela kumntu ngamnye efikelele kwiminyaka eli-14, ipaspoti Russian, kodwa sithi makubekho imithetho ethile efuna ukutshintsha uxwebhu rhoqo. Njengezininzi-yaziwa kakuhle, loo nto yenzeka izihlandlo ezibini kuphela ebomini. kunikezelo Initial - kwiminyaka eli-14 kamva - a bambeli 20. Emva koko, ungenza ukulibala malunga nalo mba iminyaka engama-25 ezayo. Ekubeni kwenzeka ukubuyisela olandelayo 45. kuphela Kakade ke, ngaphandle kokuba kwimeko xa umntu omnye etshintsha Igama elipheleleyo okanye intombazana atshate aze athathe igama nomyeni wakhe.

Amadoda kunye namakhwenkwe wayekhe wadlana kwisibheno, incwadi yokundwendwela Russian ekhutshwe emva kokuphela sobomi inkonzo yabo.

Hi ndlela leyi, omnye okunika umdla. USSR ummi yokundwendwela (model 1974) luyasebenza kwi kummandla Russia phambi komhla indawo. Kwaye kwakhona i ungubani, njengabanye amaxwebhu adweliswe apha ekuqaleni. Nokutshintsha, ngasendleleni, kufuneka ubudala - kungenjalo ngummi ozakuthathwa umntu ophila ne uxwebhu lobuxoki.

ungubani baphesheya

Ke kaloku, ngelo. A yokundwendwela kufuneka ibandakanye kuluhlu lwamaxwebhu ezingqina ukuba ungubani ngummi. Kuyimfuneko ukuba wonke umntu oshiya okanye uceba ukuya kwamanye amazwe. Passport siqinisekisa ukuba ungubani ngummi ngaphandle Russian Federation kwaye emnyango emva kwabo.

Nokuba sisebenza kwi kwintsimi kwilizwe lethu? Kukho ayekholelwa ukuba yokundwendwela siqinisekisa ukuba ngubani umntu osisigxina ethile aphesheya. Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo edidayo. Uxwebhu angaphandle lula ukuqinisekisa ukuba ungubani ngexesha, umzekelo, ukuthenga moya, uloliwe, ibhasi, itikiti-elide banga exchange lwemali, kuthengwe utywala, njalo njalo. On. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko sele kuxoxwa ngokwahlukileyo.

Malunga amaxwebhu wasungula

Ukususela namhlanje, bonke abantu baseRashiya musa ukunika zokundwendwela eziqhelekileyo kunye sebhayometriki. isizukulwana esitsha lwamaxwebhu - njengoko zibizwa. Le ncwadana yokundwendwela iqulethe sebhayometriki iparameters zobuqu ethe, zibe bakhiwa phantsi kwazo naziphi na iimeko. Ngokwenene, ngenxa yokuba ziye zaziswa kwaye - ukunciphisa inani lamatyala kunye namaphepha obuxoki. Weminwe kunye nomfanekiso yekhompyutha ubuso babantu - yiloo nto inkcazelo iqulethwe kwiphepha lokuqala. Ngethiyori, kufuneka phambili zicaciswe Iliso umbala (kunye ngokomfanekiso iris, ngokulandelelana), nangona kunjalo, ilizwe ngalinye linelungelo lokwenza isigqibo ukwenza oku data okanye hayi. Russia ligqibe ukwenza ngaphandle kwayo.

Enye inzuzo imodeli entsha loxwebhu kukuba kokuba ikhutshwe kangangeminyaka eli-10, endaweni ezintlanu. sancedakala kuphela 2000 engange abizayo (okt 3500). Kodwa lo mahluko ayikho ebaluleke kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa iingenelo.

empini

Citizen Identification Card, ababekhonza naphi na - olu xwebhu eyahlukileyo. Ezizodwa. Uqinisekisa kuphela ungubani umniniyo, kodwa isikhundla sakhe ngokwasemthethweni umntu ukukhonza ngurhulumente.

Ilungelo ukufumana olo xwebhu yaqaliswa ngo-2003. Waba replacement yinxalenye amakhadi yesazisi yegosa USSR Ephakamileyo. ngobhobhozo lwayo abo basebenzi baye bafumana irenki yokuqala yasemkhosini. Plus, oko ukuba mvume ngokungenammiselo kwaye usaqhubeka esebenzayo logama nje umntu esemsebenzini.

Ifumene ummi yalo ekwenzeni imisebenzi ethile. Kwixesha elizayo, olu xwebhu kufuneka rhoqo athwale. Ukuba kufunwa beyeka ixesha okanye umphathi-mkhosi - kufuneka ibe khona. Kuyenzeka ukuba isiqinisekiso ilahlekileyo. Kulo mzekelo, ndiyakwazi ukuchaza entsha, kodwa ke oku kufuna umyalelo unit emkhosini. Phambi koko uphando ezifanelekileyo ngokuyimfuneko kuqhutywa kunye nabantu egunyazisiweyo ndiyiqinise izizathu apho uxwebhu kulahlekileyo. Ukuxhuzula identity aluvumelekanga. Ezi nketho ngabo iimeko emiselwe ngumthetho we-Russian Federation.

uxwebhu okwethutyana

yokundwendwela kwamanye amazwe, iliso, ID yomkhosi - oku sele ikhankanyiwe apha ngasentla. Ngoku kuyimfuneko ukuba uxelele ikhadi yesazisi yethutyana. Ngoko ke olu xwebhu idla itsalwe umntu ngoxa ukwenza sobhaliso passport. Kumsitho itshintshe igama, umzekelo, okanye replacement umgangatho. Noko ke, amtsale kunqabile ngokwayo olu xwebhu yethutyana njenge yokundwendwela ngoku wenza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu - kwisithuba seentsuku ezili-10 esebenza kakhulu.

Kodwa kukho a plus. Olu luxwebhu yethutyana imizuzu elishumi kuphela. A semthethweni iinyanga ezimbini. Emva koko ke uzobe wena entsha. Ngokusisiseko, olu xwebhu inikwa abo bantu babe yokundwendwela Russian kwindawo yokuhlala, hayi imvume yokuhlala (ngokunxulumene izifundo zakhe okanye uhambo olude elide, umzekelo). Kwaye inkqubo yobhaliso "omnye umntu" kummandla kudla lilibaziseka ngenyanga okanye ezimbini. Kanti kwenzile yokundwendwela, ikhadi uchazo "ngexesha" lunokuba yimfuneko.

isitifiketi sokuzalwa

Kwakhona zifakwe kuluhlu lwe ngummi kunye namaxwebhu engqina yesazisi yakhe kwimihlaba ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke, ubungqina ekhona ngomntu wonke. Ngoko ke, eneneni, isibakala wobhaliso ukuzalwa komntwana. Kolu xwebhu, uyakwazi ukubona data igama lakhe, umhla wokuzalwa, igama kunye, ke, ulwazi malunga nabazali. Igama zabo, Igama Lokugqibela, ukuba ngqo. Ukuthetha malunga uluhlu lwamaxwebhu lwe ngummi, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba isiqinisekiso sokuzalwa luxwebhu olusemthethweni kuphela aphambili leyo engqina ukuba ngubani na umntu umntwana. Kodwa akuba eneminyaka of zokundwendwela 14.

Ngaphambili kukhutshwa iziqinisekiso ngohlobo incwadana encinane, nkqu-inshorensi leyo. Namhlanje, nakuba kunjalo, yenza iphepha oqhelekileyo (format B5 - a bit ngaphantsi ko-A4). Kodwa nangoku emhlophe iphepha ngeempawu ngamanzi, inombolo kunye series. Gcwalisa namhlanje kuphela kwi khompyutha, nangona ngaphambili kwenzeka ukuba ufake idatha esandleni.

ukuba uxwebhu sithe salahleka, lungafumaneka kwakhona kwi-ofisi yobhaliso. Alungise okanye ube ngumnikazi wayo kwakhona lula. Ngokomzekelo, xa edlula umva eCrimea kungena Russian Federation, bonke abantu abahlala usingasiqithi, ekhutshwe iziqinisekiso ezitsha. Ukuze wenze oku, animele ubhale kuphela isicelo kunobhala wenkundla uphinde ubonise isizathu sokuba isicelo.

abatshutshisi

Abantu abakhonza kule intsimi, naye wakhupha uxwebhu eyahlukileyo lwaseburhulumenteni. Oku - ngabatshutshisi ikhadi lomsebenzi, oko kuthiwa. La maxwebhu iphambili ngummi Russian Federation, engqina ngokuzazisa komntu, iye kuluhlu yayo yaye olu xwebhu. Le isitifiketi inyanzelekile iqulethe ulwazi malunga isikhundla udidi zeengcali ze uthumele ngqo. Olu xwebhu ukuqinisekisa ilungelo yomtshutshisi kunye umphandi ukugcina kuwe kuliwe iingalo ezincinane, kwakunye izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, eyodwa eyimfuneko ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo. Enye ingqina angabonisa ukuba bonke abemi ukuba umtshutshisi woluntu, xa esenza, banokuba zonke izizathu ezisemthethweni ukwenza izenzo ezithile.

Olu xwebhu inikezelwa abasebenzi kuphela emva lakhupha umyalelo ahambelanayo, othi ukuqeshwa kwisikhundla sokuba ngummi. Ukuba lingaphakamisa (okanye efunelwa), emva koko zinikwe okunye ukwaziwa. Kwimeko yelahleko okanye kokuphela umba omtsha. Ukuba umntu warhoxa e-ofisini, ubophelelekile ukuba abuyele uxwebhu kwisebe abasebenzi. Koko ungubani kutshatyalaliswa.

seaman

Kwakhona zifakwe kuluhlu lwamaxwebhu ezingqina ukuba ungubani ngummi. Seaman jikelele. Uqinisekisa ukuba ngubani umnini, kokubini eRashiya kude ngaphaya kwemida yawo. Ngaphambili wenza ilandelayo umthetho: i matiloshe alizange unelungelo lokushiya ilizwe uze uyingenise kwi inqanawa okanye nasiphi na esinye isithuthi. Ngaphezu koko, kokubini ngamnye kunye njengeqela. Nangona kunjalo, kunye unyaka phambi kokuba wokuqala kweyoMqungu, 2014, wokucinywa kwayo. Emva koko, incwadi seaman iye Uyekile ukwenza isixhobo apho umntu angene RF ngaphakathi nangaphandle kuyo. Ibalulekile le yokundwendwela.

Ukwenza passports namakhadi

Olu xwebhu inikezelwa kwabo bantu zilufanele impilo kunye nenqanaba loqeqesho. Kwakhona alinalo olu mntu kufuneka ngokusemthethweni mazingqinisiswe kwesivumelwano kunye inqanawa ethile (isenokuba mhlawumbi Russian okanye angaphandle). Eli phepha ke sesona sizathu siphambili lokukhupha zokundwendwela matiloshe. Phambi kokukhupha uxwebhu, wenza isivumelwano kunye Federal Service lezoKhuseleko kwaye yamapolisa ye-Russian Federation. Iziqinisekiso zoBhaliso inxaxheba abasemagunyeni yase. Ukuba babefuna ayikwazi faked uxwebhu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, incwadi seaman kaThixo inokusetyenziswa njengobungqina bokuzazisa.