Ukukhupha izibani ze-fluorescent: iindidi zezixhobo, injongo, isiphaluka kunye nengxelo

Izibane zelanga (i-LDS) zixhobo zokuqala zoqoqosho ezavela emva kwezibane zendabuko ezinefayili. Zixhomekeke kwiinkqubo zokukhutshwa kwegesi, apho kubonakala kuyimfuneko ukuba umbane onqande amandla kwisiphaluka zombane.

Isabelo sokutshatyalaliswa

Izibane ezikhanyisa izibane zilawula i-voltage esetyenziswe kwii-electrode zezibane. Ukongezelela, unezikhundla ezilandelayo:

• Ukukhuselwa kumandla okuqhubela amandla;
• Ukutshisa ii-cathodes;
• Ukudala umbane ophezulu ukuqala isibane;
• Ukunciphisa amandla ombane wamandla emva kokuqala;
• Ukuzinza kwenkqubo yokutsha kwesibane.

Ukugcina i-throttle ixhunyaniswe nezibane ezimbini.

Umgaqo we-ballast ye-electromagnetic (EMPRA)

Isikimu sokuqala sokuqala isibane se-fluorescent, esadalwa kwaye sisasetyenziswa, siquka izinto:

• Ukuhlutha;
• Qalisa;
• Mabini.

Iskimu sesitrato se- fluorescent esine -throttle sixhunyaniswe kumnatha we-220 V. Zonke iindawo ezixhunyiwe kunye zibizwa ngokuba yi-ballast electromagnetic.

Xa kusetyenziswe amandla, isiphaluka sesibane se-tungsten sivale kwaye iqalisa kuqala kwimoya yokukhupha. Ngelibane, okwangoku ayidluli. Iintambo zihamba ngokufudumele. Oqhagamshelwano be-starter kwindawo yokuqala bavulekile. Omnye wabo wenziwe nge-bimetallic. Igoba xa ichithwa ukuphuma kombane kwaye ivala isiphaluka. Kule meko, ukwanda kwamanje ngamaxesha a-2-3 kunye ne-cathodes yesibane eshushu.

Ngokukhawuleza ukuba oonobumba bokuqala befowuni bavalwa, ukukhulelwa kuyeka kwaye isitimu se- bimetallic siqala ukupholisa. Ngenxa yoko, unxibelelwano oluhambayo luvula kwaye ukukhutshwa kwe-throttle kubonakala njenge-pulse ye-voltage ephawulekayo. Kwanele ukuba ii-electrons ziphule phakathi kwegesi phakathi kwe-electrodes kwaye isibane sibulele. Ixesha elilinganisiweyo liqala ukugeleza kulo, oko kuyancipha ngohlobo lwe-2 ngenxa yokwehla kwamandla kwi-throttle. I-starter isoloko ihlala kwiimeko (abafowunelwa bavulekile), ngelixa i-LDS iyatshisa.

Ngaloo ndlela, i-ballast iqala isibane ize igcine kwindawo esebenzayo.

Izinzuzo kunye nokungalunganga kwe-EMPRA

Umbane we-electromagnetic ukukhahlela izibane ze-fluorescent yintengo ephantsi, uyilo olulula kunye nokunyaniseka okuphezulu.

Ukongezelela, kukho ukuphazamiseka:

• Ukukhanyisa ukukhanya, okukhokelela ekukhatheni kwamehlo;
• Kufike ku-15% wombane ulahlekile;
• Umsindo ngexesha lokuqaliswa kunye ngexesha lokusebenza;
• Isibane asiqala ngokufanelekileyo kwiqondo eliphantsi;
• Ubukhulu obukhulu nobukhulu;
• Isiqalo esiqhubekayo sesibane.

Ngokuqhelekileyo ukukhangela kunye nokuqhaqhaza kwesibane kuvela ngamandla angatshatanga. I-Ballasts ivelisa ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo kwingxolo. Ukunciphisa, unokukhetha umzekelo ofanelekileyo.

Iitampu kunye neengqungquthela zikhethiweyo zilingana omnye komnye kumandla, ngaphandle koko ixesha lobomi belibane liya kuncitshiswa kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo zinikezelwa kwiikiti, kwaye i-ballast ithathelwa indawo kunye neefowuni ezifanayo.

Izibane ze-Fluorescent ezizaliswe kunye ne-EmPra azibizi, kwaye azidingeki ukulungiswa.

I-Ballastnik ibonakala ngokusetyenziswa kwamandla okusebenza. Ukunciphisa ilahleko ezifanayo kunye nenethiwekhi yokubonelela, i-capacitor ixhunyiwe.

I-Electronic Ballast

Zonke izifezeko ze-electromagnetic choke zafuneka zisuswe, kwaye ngenxa yophando, i-choke yombane yenziwe ukuba ikhanyiswe izibane ze-fluorescent (i-ballasts ye-electronics). Isiphaluka iyunithi enye eqalayo kwaye igcine inkqubo yoqhumiso ngokwenza ulandelelwano olumiselweyo lweenguqu zamandla. Ungawuxhuma ngokusebenzisa imiyalelo ehambelana nomzekelo.

Ukuqhawula izibane ze-fluorescent zolu hlobo lwekhompyutheni lunenzuzo:

• Ukufumaneka kokuqala kwangoko okanye nayiphi na ukulibaziseka;
• Ukungabikho kokuqala;
• Akukho kukhanya;
• Ukuveliswa kokukhanya okuphezulu;
• Ukuchaneka nokukhanya kwecebo;
• Iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza.

I-ballast ye-elekroniki iyabiza ngaphezu kwesistim sombane ngenxa yesiphaluka sekhompyutheni esiyinkimbinkimbi equka izihlungi, ukulungiswa kwamandla, i-inverter kunye ne-ballast. Kweminye imodeli, ukukhuselwa kwesiqalo esingafanelekanga sesibane ngaphandle kwezibane.

Ekuhlaziywa komsebenzisi kuthiwa kulula ukusebenzisa i-ballasts ye-elektroniki kwi-LDS yokugcina amandla, eyakhiwa ngqo kwisiseko seenqwelo eziqhelekileyo.

Ungaqala njani isibane se-fluorescent nge-ballast ye-elektroniki?

Xa utshintshile kwi-ballast ye-electronics, i-electrodes ixhotyiswe kwaye ifudumele. Emva koko bafumana impembelelo enamandla, ekhanyisa isibane. Yakhiwa ngokudala umgca wesiphaluka ongena kwi-resonance ngaphambi kokukhutshwa. Ngale ndlela, i-cathodes iyatshiswa kakuhle, yonke i-mercury kwi-flask iyaqhuma, ukuze ukukhanya kuqale lula. Emva kokukhutshwa komkhuhlane, i-resonance ye-circuit oscillatory iyayeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye i-voltage iyahla ukuya kusebenza.

Umgaqo wokusebenza kwe-ballast yekhompyutheni kufana nokukhethwa kwindlela yokuchithwa kwe-electromagnetic, ekubeni isibane siphunywe ngumbane ophezulu, oye wancipha ukuya kwixabiso elisoloko kwaye ugcine ukukhutshwa kwisibane.

Ixesha lamanje lifikelela kuma-20-60 kHz, ngenxa yokupheliswa kwesibhubhe, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Kwiingxelo kaninzi zicetyiswa ukuba zithathe indawo ye-electromagnetic chokes by electronics. Kubalulekile ukuba bavumelane namandla. Isiphaluka singenza isiqalo sokuqala okanye ngokunyuka ngokukhawuleza ekukhanyeni. Isiqalo seCold esilungelekile, kodwa ubomi benkonzo yebhanya ncinane.

Isibane se-Fluorescent ngaphandle kokuqala, i-throttle

I-LDS inokutshintshwa ngaphandle kweqhekeza elinamandla, usebenzisa esikhundleni sayo isibane esilula se-incandescent enegunya elifanayo. Kule cwangciso, i-starter ayifuni.

Unxibelelwano lwenziwe nge-rectifier, apho i-voltage iphindwe kabini ngeendlela zokusebenzisa i-capacitors kwaye ikhuphe isibane ngaphandle kokutshisa i-cathodes. Ngokuhambelanayo ne-LDS ngokusebenzisa ucingo lwesigaba, isibane se-incandescent sokunciphisa okwangoku sitshintshile. Iipomenser kunye needitidi zokulungisa iibhudi kufuneka zikhethwe ngegama lombane ovumelekileyo. Xa ukondla i-LDS ngokusebenzisa umlungisi, i-bulb kwicala elinye iya kuqala ukukhanya. Kule meko, ubukhulu bokubonelela kufuneka butshintshwe.

Ukuqhagamshela isibane se-fluorescent ngaphandle kwe-throttle, apho umthwalo osebenzayo usetyenziselwa khona, unikeza ukukhanya okubuthathaka.

Ukuba endaweni yesitampu se-incandescent ukufaka i-throttle, isibane siya kukhanya ngakumbi.

Khangela ukunikezelwa kwe-throttle

Xa i-LDS ingabonakali, isizathu silele ukungasebenzi kwecingo, isibane ngokwalo, iqalisa okanye i-throttle. Izizathu ezilula zichongwa ngumhloli. Ngaphambi kokukhangela isithintelo sesitrato se-fluorescent nge-multimeter, cima umbane uze ukhuphe i-capacitors. Emva koko umatshini wefowuni usethe kwimodi yokuqhubeka okanye kumda omncinci wokulinganisa ukumelana nokumiselwa:

• Ukunyaniseka kwengqibelelo;
• Ukuxhatshazwa kwamandla okuhamba;
• Ukuvala ukuvalwa;
• Vulela kwi-coil winding.

Kuphononongo kuphakanyisiwe ukuba uhlolisise ukunyakaza ngokuxhuma kwinethiwekhi ngokusebenzisa isibane se-incandescent. Xa ukuvalwa kokuvalwa, kutsha ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kuyasebenza - vpnnakala.

Ukuba kukho ukungasebenzi, i-throttle ilula ukutshintsha, kuba ukulungiswa kungabiza.

Ngokuqhelekileyo iqela lokuqala liphulwa kwisiphaluka. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo, into eyaziwayo ixhunyiwe endaweni yoko. Ukuba isibane asikhanyanga, ke isizathu sihlukile.

I-throttle iphinda ihlolwe isebenzisa isibane esisebenzayo, idibanisa iintambo ezimbini kwisiseko sayo. Ukuba isibane sikhanyisa ngokukhawuleza, ke i-throttle isebenza.

Isiphelo

Ukuphulukiswa kwezibane ze-fluorescent kuphuculwa kwindlela yokuphucula ukusebenza. Izixhobo zombane ziqala ukususa i-electromagnetic. Ngexesha elifanayo, iinguqu ezindala zeemodeli ziyaqhubeka zisetyenzisiweyo ngenxa yobuncwane babo obuphantsi kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda zonke iintlobo zeentlobo, ukuba zisebenze kakuhle kwaye zidibane nazo.