Ukuboniswa kwesithombe sokuqala sokuhambisa

Ukuba namhlanje kuwo wonke umntu i-cinema yaqulunqwa ngasekupheleni kweXesha le-19, xa umfanekiso weshukumiso wokuqala ubonisiwe. Ingcamango yokuqala yolu qulunqo yayikudala imifanekiso ehambayo.

Udumo olukhethekileyo lwe-cinema lwafika ngekhulu lama-20, xa kwakhiwa iqela lonke le-cinema. Ngoku liyingxenye ebalulekileyo yenkcubeko yanamhlanje, kwaye konke kwaqala ngenzame yokwenza umfanekiso ohambelayo kwizinto eziphathekayo kwaye uyivelise kwisikrini.

Ngelo xesha, ukusombulula le ngxaki, kwakufuneka kwenziwe izixhobo zobuchwepheshe, ngokukodwa, ifilimu ebonakalayo kunye ne-flexible, iprojekti kunye nesistim esenza ukuba kubekho uphando lwexesha elifunekayo. Kwiminyaka emininzi, abaqambi abaninzi abadumile baye balwa nalo msebenzi. Emva kwexesha, bakwazi ukudala ubuchule obukwazi ukufowunela, emva koko ukubonakaliswa komfanekiso wokuqala wokuhamba kwimbali kwenzeka. Oku kwenzeke eParis ngomhla we-22/03/1895, ngenxa yempumelelo yabazalwana bakaLumière.

Kwinqanaba elincinane labangane, babonise itekiti emfutshane ebizwa ngokuthi "Ukuphuma kwabasebenzi befayili yaseLumiere". Lo kwakuyimifanekiso yokuqala yokuhamba. Ngaphambi koko, ngoFebruwari walo nyaka, isixhobo sokuqala sasinelungelo lobunikazi ngabazalwana bakaLumiere, okwenza kube lula ukufumana umfanekiso ohambelayo.

Bakha ikhamera yekhamera edibeneyo kwaye bafumanisa imbono yokudala i-movie. Kwakukho umboniso wesithombe sokuqala esiseParis esiseBoulevard saseKapuchin, ukungena kuyo kwahlawulwa. Kwiziko elingaphantsi kweGran Cafe, ifilimu "Ukufika kwesitimela ukuya esiteshini seLa Suite" yaboniswa. Ukulandela le filimu emfutshane yaqala ukubukela ezinye izinto ezincinci zabazalwana bakaLumiere. Ukubonakaliswa komfanekiso wokuqala wokunyakaza kwaqhutyelwa yi-comic scene "I-Watered Waterer", kwaye ke ezinye iinkcazo zefilimu nazo zanikwa uluntu.

Kukho ingqungquthela yokuba ngexesha lokubukwa kwababukeli beentlanganiso, bebethelwa yintambo yesitimela, baxhuma kwiindawo zabo, ngenxa yokwesaba ukuchithwa okanye ukulimala. Lo mboniso wokuqala wokuthengisa ifilimu wabonisa ukuqala kwayo yonke i-cinema yehlabathi.

Ifilimu yokuqala eyenziwa eRashiya yaboniswa ngo-1908. Ngo-Oktobha, umfanekiso wesigxina we-"Ponizovaya Volnitsa" waboniswa. Kwakuyi-tape, esekelwe kwingoma ngoStein Razin. Imboniso yokuqala yefilimu eRashiya yayingaphambilana. Kwakugcinwe kwintsimi yasehlobo "i-Aquarium" eSt. Petersburg ngowe-1896 kwaye yayingu-10 yemizuzu yokukhetha iifilimu zeLumiere. Esi siganeko asizange sihlelwe ngokuthe ngqo. Iifilimu zaboniswa ngexesha lokuphuma komculo. Abaphulaphuli bavuya. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva koko, umboniso wokuqala we-movie wabanjwa eMoscow. Ngokucacileyo wabonisa indlela ayeyibonayo ngayo i-cinema M. Gorky. Wachaza ngamagama alandelayo: "Isithunzi somphefumlo okanye isithunzi esicacileyo sokunyakaza."

Abenzi befilimu abazimeleyo kwiminyaka engaphambi kokuguqulwa eRashiya baye batshaya inani elikhulu lefilimu. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-cinema yaseRussia ngaloo mihla yayingumzekelo wothando lwama-melodramas okanye i-classics ye-literics, enye yazo yayingumfanekiso-mkhulu wefilimu "Ukhuselo lweSevastopol." Namhlanje unokuthiwa ngumkhosi.

Ixesha lokuthunyelwa kwexesha eliphambili libonakaliswe ngokuthotyelwa kommiselo weBhunga leeKhomishana zaBantu kwi-nationalization of the film. I-Cinema yaseRashiya kunye nesebe lonke lezefilimu sele lihanjiswe kwiinkcukacha zeCommissionari yeMfundo kaRhulumente. Esi siganeko sabhalwa ngo-1979 ngesigqibo sokuseka iholide yonke ye-Union ngokumhlonela. Namhlanje kuthiwa yi-Day of Cinema yaseRashiya, kwaye ngokuhlonishwa kwemboniso we-cinema yokuqala, kubhiyozelwa olunye umkhosi, owawuthiwa yi-International Cinema Day.

Ixesha le-cinema elivakalayo laqala ngowe-1927 kunye nenkampani yefilimu iWarner Brothers. Umzobo othi "I-Jazz Singer" yayiyimpumelelo enkulu, ezisa inzuzo enkulu. Umdlalo wokuqala wokudlala ifilimu "Ihambo lokuya kuBomi", eboniswe ngo-Matshi 1931.

Ngomnyaka we-1922 ifilimu yokuqala yombala yakhululwa, yayingumdala kakhulu, kwaye yayingavunyelwa ngabaphulaphuli. Ifilimu elifutshane elipheleleyo "elipheleleyo" leLa Cucaracha, kwaye ifilimu yokuqala epheleleyo yavela ngowe-1935 kwaye yaba ngumqalo we-cinema yombala.