Ubunzima ilifa: isigama, isakhiwo

IHlumelo umthetho onxulumene nokulawulwa kobudlelwane kwinkalo yelifa, yiseti lwemithetho zomthetho elawula unobangela amalungelo ehambelana, iindidi ezihlangwini kunokwenzeka, inkqubo yamangenelo obunini propati womfi. Amaxesha amaninzi abantu kuqala nazo nge-nkqubo, balahlekile, ke andikwazi, ngokungqinelana nomthetho, ukuba akhuphe indlela yokugqithisela amalungelo, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, yintoni babanga. Le nkcazelo engundoqo, ngaphandle apho bekuya kuba nzima ukuba sithethe ngale nto sebe umthetho, nguye lo ilifa ngokwalo (ubunzima ilifa impahla ilifa). Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba nazi nize nibone ukuba ifakiwe kule ingqiqo kwaye uchaze ukuba iqulathe ntoni na.

Ii-asethi namatyala ubunzima zamafa

Alandela azikho impahla kuphela, kodwa ezinye imisebenzi isihlobo sakhe. Ilifa njengoko into namalungelo, kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza emva kokufa lomntu belilelakhe amalungelo wasiwa nezibophelelo. De kube oku kuyenzeka, ipropati ezihlangwini ezinokubakho ebizwa ngumlwelwe. Ubunzima ilifa imbaxa onke amalungelo empahla kunye neemfanelo, ebeyinalo umfi ngexesha ummi bakhe ebomini, watyhutyha ngokungqinelana nomthetho abo bangena ezisemthethweni. Onke amalungelo kwipropati, leyo wafa, yiya usapho njengento yexabiso, kunye nezibophelelo oswelekileyo - njengetyala mass njengelifa. izibophelelo Family, ngokuthatha ipropati kwipropati, ukuhlawula amatyala ka sukela ungasekhoyo ukusuka ngokulandelelana jikelele.

Lona kunye nempahla lomtshato jikelele

Kuyabonakala ukuba ngenxa yokuba esi sibini ngabanini impahla ezifunyenwe ngexesha lomtshato, nje jikelele, xa ukufa omnye ezihlangwini yabo iya kuxhomekeka ukutshintshwa kuphela isiqingatha propati. Esinye isiqingatha okanye ipesenti ethile kuhlala naye uyaphila.

Oko kwinkqubo kweenkqubo yokulandelelana angafumana izalamane?

Ngokutsho Civil Code of the Russian Federation ilifa - ukuba zonke izinto impahla, amalungelo kunye neemfanelo (ezingenzelwanga kuhlangene kunye nobuntu).

Ipropati leyo enambuzelayo ngokulandelelana,, zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amathathu:

1. Le propati ngokwalo njengoko enjalo, kubandakanywa imali eziinkozo kunye nezinto ezilingana nemali.
2. amalungelo longasekhoyo ukuba impahla (ubunini), kuqukwa namalungelo eyeyakhe njengoko ngesihloko ubudlelwano ezithe zavela ngexesha lokudla kwalowo unqophisileyo.
3. izibophelelo Ipropati (ngetyala, mboleko).

Inika Kubalulekile ukwazi kwangaphambili ekwakhiweni kunobukhulu zamafa. Ngokusekelwe kule nkcazelo, sinako ukubala ubungakanani intlawulo ekufuneka ihlawulwe ukuze bafumane isatifikethi ubunini. mass ilifa liqulethe uluhlu alupheli, kuyimfuneko ukuba siqwalasele la maqela ngokweenkcukacha.

Izinto kanye Okunye Property

Ukubunjwa lwepropati kudluliselwa ezihlangwini zomthetho, kuquka, njengoko umthetho, estate real: endlwini, Villa, indawo yokuhlala, imoto, umhlaba, ngokunjalo izinto zasekhaya kunye yokonga imali.

ubunzima ilifa, ingakumbi apho umyinge izinto losetyenziso lobuqu, izinto nchavelelo kunye lula, (ifanitshala, izixhobo zombane, izikotile), ikhutshelwa kwabo ezihlangwini, ngubani, nokuba kuqala wahlala oswelekileyo kunye ngaphezu konyaka omnye yaye wabasebenzisa kunye naye esaphila ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zasekhaya. Okanye abazange nakuhlala ndawonye; kodwa bathatha inxaxheba ekuqhutyweni kwikhaya eqhelekileyo kunye ongasekhoyo, kule meko, kwaye sebenzisa isihloko impahla yasekhaya kunye unqophisileyo. Ukuba abantu abanjalo azifumaneki, ngoko izinto zasendlini zibandakanywa sobunzima njengelifa.

Transfer kuya kuxhomekeka imali yemali iidiphozithi izibambiso. Kubalulekile ukuba abokugqibela zalathi belidweliswe kwi-inventri ye-izivumelwano kumalungiselelo imiyolelo, okanye ukubonisa ukuba ubukho izibambiso ephethwe yi oswelekileyo, abo bangena kuya kuba nzima. Ukuba isabelo ilifa, ukongeza amalungelo jikelele kudluliselwa amalungelo non-propati, afana nelungelo lokuvota kwintlanganiso zabelo '. Oku kuthetha ukuba emva kokufumana kwelifa izabelo odluliselayo izuza kuphela ipropati kodwa amalungelo yokuziphatha.

Ngokuphathelele iminikelo emali, ngoko ke hamba ezihlangwini kule nkqubo ngokubanzi, ngaphandle kwakwiimeko apho umfi ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi yenziwe ifumaneke kwi idipozithi, kangangokuba watshintshelwa umntu othile okanye urhulumente.

umthetho Modern Russian ubonelela kwimeko apho ummi wafa ngexesha lokudla kwakhe ubomi kwafuneka ukuba bangenise amaxwebhu ukuze babucala zokuhlala, leyo zihlelwe kakuhle, kodwa ngokunxulumene ukufa isiqinisekiso kobunini khange kufikelelwe. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, amagumbi babucala kuba ngokusemthethweni isifundo belifa, ekwaneliseni iimfuno abamlandelayo ezinokwenzeka.

Izinto, lokwakha kungekagqitywa, bakwazi ukuba yinxalenye yalo ilifa. Kuba oku kuyimfuneko ukuba kule nto waba ubungqina bobunini.

amalungelo yesivumelwano obhubhileyo

amalungelo ummi, olu sapho lwaluquka nalamana yesivumelwano, yiya iindlalifa. Ngokomzekelo, ebudeni ubomi umfi waba ubudlelwane emsebenzini kunye ayikwazanga kufumana umvuzo ngenxa iintsuku besebenza. Emva kokufa ezihlangwini uya kuba nelungelo lokufumana imali evela kumqeshi wakhe. Ukuba umntu iye yabangela umonakalo impahla oswelekileyo, Unelungelo lokufumana imbuyekezo ngenxa yomonakalo nako wadlulisela kwizalamane. Ukuba umonakalo owenziwe impilo unqophisileyo, ngoxa ilungelo njengembuyekezo ezihlangwini hayi ethunyelwayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba kulo mzekelo, elo lungelo fanele kuphela umntu othe wahlaselwa kakubi. Ngokutsho Civil Code of the Russian Federation ilifa ayikwazi kuhlangene lunxulunyaniswe kunye ubuntu womfi.

Credit kunye nezinye zemali

A uhlobo olulodwa zelifa zenza amatyala - cash nezinye. Noko ke, odluliselayo uya kuba noxanduva uhlawule engaphelelanga amatyala womfi, ngokukodwa kuphela ilifa ubunzima babo ngokomlinganiselo kwipropati abasamkelayo. Umntu onjalo uxolelwa ukuhlawula amatyala asethi zabo. Ngamanye amaxesha imeko eyahlukileyo: unqophisileyo ngexesha lokudla kwakhe wabanika ematyaleni, kodwa mboleki zange abe nexesha ukubuyela kuye imali ngenxa yokuba ukufa otyalwayo kwakhe. Kulo mzekelo, iindlalifa banelungelo ukufaka isimangalo malunga ngokubandakanywa bepropathi mass ngokulandelelana. Yiloo nto ke ngumsebenzi abo bangena asemthethweni ngeke bakwazi ukuba yinxalenye yalo impahla eqhelekileyo. Kuya kufuna ubungqina ezinjalo - amaxwebhu ezingqina ubukho onetyala (umyalelo wenkundla), ngoko ke ubunzima zoludwe, ibango malunga esisetyenziswe, lungandiswa.

isiphelo

umthetho Modern Russian ukunciphisa uluhlu lwezithintelo ukutshintshwa unikela impahla. Oku luncedo ekhethekileyo: umyoleli, umzekelo, kwanaxa ubomi iba nomdla kuphuhliso loshishino lweshishini yayo, kuba xa ephezulu yengeniso, abantu abaninzi esondela emva kokufa kwakhe.

Ngale ndlela, le mpahla unako ukuthatha unonophelo-ntle eziphathekayo obunokubakho ezihlangwini, kodwa wabanjwa, xa imeko umthetho ukhipha impahla ngomfi (escheat), uba kunqabile kakhulu.