Tula, ezinomtsalane iindawo abakhenkethi: ifoto kunye nenkcazo emfutshane

Xa ucinga nge yokuhamba eRashiya kufuneka ukuba zibandakanywe kwisicwangciso ka Tula. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo kunye neendlela abakhenkethi ecanda kulo mzi, kuya kuba umdla kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana, iintlanga kunye abemi Russian.

History kalula

imithombo ezisesikweni ebhalwe ukukhankanya Tula, yomhla we kunyaka 1146. lemveli yezakhiwo, zenkcubeko nezembali kwalo mzi esisityebi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, le dolophu onamava bachuma nje kuphela, kodwa ixesha linzima kwimbali.

Ngowe-1382, yaba wazi yemihla ezifumaneka, Tula gqitha ngexesha ngokuhlaselwa Khan Tokhtamysh. We cha nje apha Tartars zolotaya Orda. Ebudeni bolawulo Ivan III isixeko waqalisa bakuzibalela njengoko ubulawuli eMoscow. Yaye ngenkulungwane ye-17 yoyiswa Ivan Bolotnikov.

Ngexesha loMlawuli Alexei Mikhailovich kwakhona Tula lihambele, ngenxa yokuba kukho iingalo ezivulekileyo imveliso. Emva kwenye kwekhulu uPetros Ndagqiba ukuba izikhali mveliso ivula e Tula. Loo kwakhiwa Nikita Demidov.

ineempawu ezinika umdla

Xa uhambo lwakho kwakukho Tula? Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo kunye kwimizila yabakhenkethi ujikeleze isixeko ukunceda uqhelane nale ndawo bamandulo, namhlanje eyaziwa kulo lonke ihlabathi. Kambe ke, kwimihla yakudala, izinto zaba kancane eyahlukileyo, njengoko oko kungqinwa igama nje kule lali. Philologists bathi eli gama livela elithi "Zatula", nto leyo ebhekisela endaweni efihlakeleyo, ezifihlakeleyo.

Ngenxa yoko igama umlambo, aqukuqela amahlathi virgin. Kwaye kule mini likwaze igama layo zembali - Tulitsa. Kodwa umzila yaye kamva ngokuba yokuhlala ikhula phezu kweendonga zayo.

Ukuya kwindlela kubakhenkethi ka Tula, umhambi ufumanisa ukuba isixeko umdla ingqalelo abo samandla 1146 xa wafuna usindiso iintshaba Novgorod-Seversky Prince. Okokuqala waya vyatichi, yaye ukusuka apho wasukuma waya Tula, apho wagqiba ukuqokelela irhafu, azithobe ilizwe ekufutshane ngokwalo. Ngenxa yoko, sele belifumene ukukhankanywa yokuqala ebhaliweyo lali. Kwaye ngoku, kuba awukacaci Tula wabonakala unyaka.

imbali enye

Enye inguqulelo indlela dolophu weza udumo, inxibelelanisa imbali yamandulo nangezinto umfazi Khan. Ubheka lwalunjani Tula ngamini-nye, umhambi uya kuva ilivo, umfazi Khan likaThixo igama Taydula. Kwaba apha kwaye kwakukho igama kulendawo.

Emva kwexesha elithile waya ekuthinjweni Prince Oleg, yaye kamva wabonakala nguDmitry Donskoy.

Ukubaluleka qhinga

Ngemihla yakudala, Tula kungekho eyahlukileyo kwezinye iindawo zokuhlala ezikufutshane. Kwaba ezincinane kakhulu, kodwa ngenxa yotshaba waluthethelela entolongweni. Xa abantu bokuqala bahlala kwisiqithi esincinane wambumba Tulitsa kunye Upoy.

City bafuduka iinkosana Ryazan ka Moscow, kodwa zange yaba elizimeleyo. Tula waba ingongoma ngobuchule kubalulekile, kuba le nqaba eyakhelwe apha ukuba ukuba azikhusele iindlela esemazantsi. Kungenxa yoko le nto ecebe kangaka kwimbali emkhosini, odumileyo Tula indlela. Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo kunye kubakhenkethi Umtsalane indawo - kukwayinto entle entsimini apho kwakukho kwedabi Kulikov, ekubeni esi siganeko senzeka kufutshane nedolophu. idabi ezibalulekileyo kwenzeka ngo-1380.

Tula yesicelo

Ukuba uhambo ibandakanyiwe Tula, ezinika kunye neendawo abakhenkethi ukwenza ngaphandle uthando yokuhamba kunye yesicelo basekuhlaleni. Kwaye kule mihla yinto ulwakhiwo ebalulekileyo yamandulo ubukeka enkulu, ebonisa akanaso izakhiwo ngamaplanga, ogama iingcali bendiphila kwezi neengcibi iindawo-ngezizukulwana.

Yesicelo - njenge into yokudlala, kwaye ubuhle bayo angazishiyi diki. Oku ezabhalwa ngenkulungwane ye-16, xa eRashiya kwakufuneka njengenqaba, nto leyo kunceda ukuyikhusela nxamnye iCrimea nangezinto. ukwakhiwa Namhlanje Uyekile ukuba adlale ngokubaluleka qhinga, kodwa laba uphawu yesixeko, ekutsaleni abakhenkethi ukwazi ezivela kumazwe ahlukeneyo.

Okokuqala, incwadi yesicelo yayakhiwe kwindlela engundoqo, leyo wayizalela igama Muravskaya Way. Ukuba waya uhlanga iCrimea zemfazwe, sithembele sazithimbela esisityebi. Kwenzeka ukuba iinqaba wayenechaphothi kakhulu ukuba kuwukhusela lo mzi, kunye nokwakha ngokutsha sakhiwe phezu kodonga lasekhohlo, ayikho phantsi izikhukhula.

Ukuba uhambo lwakho waba Tula, ezinika kunye neendlela abakhenkethi ngokuyimfuneko ukubamba umntu ukwazi yi kunxweme Upa, nisin Rzhevsk Gati, kwakunye nelona galelo ukusuka kwindawo yomkhosi yokucingela ekudibaneni kwe-Upoy Murawski Shlyach.

Ngokutsha kunye nokubuyiselwa incwadi yesicelo

Ukususela ukwakhiwa endala, sibe nje bajamelene ngokutsha. Ingakumbi, le kulungiswe sele liqalile ngenyathelo uCatherine II ngo-1784. Ekubeni uKumkanikazi akazange wabeka phambi kokuba abasebenzi umsebenzi wokulondoloza imbonakalo yesakhiwo, incwadi yesicelo mihla kakhulu ngokungafaniyo lowo wayesele kwekhulu eyadlulayo.

Enye uphela sele liqalile kwiminyaka 1820. ke ukuba ihonjiswe kunye uphahla cupola ngamaplanga. Noko ke, baphila ngaphantsi kwekhulu. Sele kwinkulungwane XX lonke isakhiwo kunye izakhiwo ezingaphandle kunye nomhlaba ezongezelelweyo wayesondele ukuyisonga. Ngelo xesha, kubaluleke, entle ebalulekileyo ngokwembali isakhiwo nje wabonakala elahliwe, kodwa yaba yokulahla umzi. Lo mmandla awuthunyelwanga ukucocwa, yaye ngoko ke wazimisela ukwakhela bala. Yesicelo nemelene isakhiwo gases kwaye ucingo mveliso abangevayo.

iinguqu ezibalulekileyo kwimbali Tula yesicelo kwenzeka ngowe-1948, xa urhulumente waseSoviet wagqiba kwi nokubuyiselwa. Umsebenzi kugqitywa ngo-1957, abuyisele koqoqo namasango. Ngowe-1975 waza waqalisa ukuba abuyisele Cathedral le vekeleke xona.

Ukuba uhambo obufutshane-kwesi sixeko samandulo ezicetyiweyo, bona lwalunjani Tula kunokuba kutyelela ngokufutshane intsimi yesicelo. Kulapha ukuba zonke ezi ndawo inika umdla kunye ezibalulekileyo ngokwemigaqo kwimbali.

Church Labapostile LabaLishumi

Ukuba uhlola izinto kunye nommandla Tula, uya kuqaphela ukuba akukho iicawa ezininzi. Le meko ke imeko ngakumbi kule ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, nto leyo ayimangalisi ingakumbi xa ujonga imaphu, ukuba indawo enkulu ngenene, kakhulu ezinabantu abaninzi ngabantu.

Isikakhulu Tula ibandla ibekwe kumbindi wesixeko. Kodwa amaphepha Diocesan lwekhulu XIX wabhala ukuba amabandla ekhoyo akakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabantu.

Le ngxaki iye itsale ingqalelo Preosvyaschennogo Pitirima ubanjwe kule mimandla ngo-1896. Ngelo xesha, kwagqitywa ekubeni ukuqalisa inkqubo ukwakhiwa iicawa ngaphandle komzi. Yiloo nto kanye oko ibhuqekile;

• Church of the abalishumi Elinesibini.
• Zion Church.
• Znamenskoye oyiNgcwele.
• Church ogama Feodosiya Chernigovskogo.

Ibali kakhulu umdla Labapostile LabaLishumi kwebandla, ekuqaleni eyakhiwe kweenkuni. Nceda ekudaleni yokuba umrhwebi imithi, inkosikazi warehouses izityebi kwi ngaphandle kumazantsi lali. Ekudaleni wetempile wanceda bani na kwaye Providence, ngoko ekwakhiweni kwamabandla yaba ngumdala Nikolskoye Chistikov. imizamo Joint akwazi ukubeka indlu oki, neyathi kamva indawo ngelitye.

Ucinga ukuba imela Tula ezinika (photo - kweli phepha), qiniseka ukuba ujonge ngaphakathi isixhobo yetempile. Olucwangcisiweyo, ukuba bumiswe buxhaswe izibingelelo ezintathu egameni:

• Nabapostile abalishumi elinababini.
• Nikolaya Chudotvortsa.
• UCatherine.

Temple of Serafima Sarovskogo

Qiniseka ukuba batyelele le tempile ukuba kukho isixeko Tula kunye ezinika uhambo lwakho zokuhamba. ngemihla Vula. Nje inkonzo iqala ngo-8 kusasa ngokuhlwa ibanjwa, ekuqaleni - xa kanye 5:00. Kukho amaculo rhoqo, kubanjwa ngoLwesine, ngoLwezihlanu nangeeCawa.

Imbali eli bandla kwaqala ngo-1905. Yamisa isakhiwo imali eyabelwe Abarhwebi stefanovic kunye Ermolaevo-Zvereva. Kukho kukade icangcisiwe, eqhuba yokusithela abantwana ezitratweni, abalupheleyo. Kronike uxele ukuba ngowe-1914, phantsi unonophelo indlu ibe ngabantu 130.

Kumaphephandaba Diocesan ka Serafima Sarovskogo Temple wabhala ukuba acocekile kwaye ezimnandi, ngathi indlwana. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba Saint uSeraphim wakhetha ukuthandaza kwisisele esincinane, waphila ngokuthozama abahluthwe ezikhuselweyo. ICawa iyavumelana ngokupheleleyo indlela aphila ngayo kunye nemikhwa.

Ngo-1976 ibandla yanikwa kwisebe archive IKomiti yeSigqeba yeNgingqi. Obekumele ukuba bayisebenzise ugcino xwebhu. Lo mmandla eziqeshiweyo kuluntu abangevayo apha yafakwa club.

Kodwa ngo-2002 kwakukho imbuyekezo kwicawa ebalulekileyo izakhiwo back amakholwa. Ezinkonzweni okokuqala emva kokuba ikhefu elide yaqhutywa Oktobha 4, 2002.

Ukuba iintlafuno zakho yohambo, Tula, zendawo, iifoto Iitrone qiniseka ukuba ukukholisa abahambi. Ngoku bobabini, nobabini uyakwazi ukuthatha umfanekiso, ukuba batyelele le tempile. Nezibingelelo zibizwa:

• Serafima Sarovskogo.
• Serafima Vyritskogo.

Ngo-2004, xa ibandla unako ukuvula isikolo seCawe wabantwana. Liphantsi kwenkqubo yokubuyiselwa, ukulungiswa, ukwakha, eyenzelwe ukubuyisela isakhiwo look yimbali.

Kuthekani cookies?

Unomdla e Tula, zendawo, iifoto kunye inkcazelo? Ngoko qiniseka ukuba anikele ingqalelo Tula gingerbread. Kwenzeka ukuba nje uphawu yesixeko. Ngubani musa ukubuza - nkqu abahlali Sakhalin, nangona eKaliningrad, nangona Caucasus, wonke umntu uya kuqonda malunga Tula gingerbread. Kanye phakathi komzi, uya kunandipha okutsha, okumnandi, ivumba elimnandi, confectionery ekhethekileyo. Ayinakwenzeka ukumelana!

Gingerbread kunye samovar - ukuba abalinganiswa ezimbini sengqondo sabantu Russian. Tula gingerbread kwi print ukususela kwinkulungwane XVII. Ukuze ufumanise ukuba oko kwenziwa phambi nendlela yemveliso kuzinza ngoku, uqhelene iintlobo iikeyiki kunye incasa imveliso imbali, ungakwazi ukutyelela imyuziyam lobulali "Tula gingerbread".

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo ukuba namhlanje

legends Local bathi gingerbread Tula waqalisa ukwenza kudala - elide phambi kokuba samovars nemipu. Emva abebetyelele imyuziyam, unako ngumnini amehlo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iikherothi - ayikho ukutya nje kulungile, kodwa ungowabo abanam.

Kwenzeka ukuba iikherothi eRashiya kwaba ngumfuziselo kakuhle-ntle, inkqubela endlwini. Xa ekhaya ngokuhlwa, wayedla waba into izithethe.

Ukuba indlela yakho Tula, ezinika, yintoni ukubona esixekweni, wayithanda gingerbread? Ungaphoswa emehlweni eqingqiweyo ezinhle esibonisa le dessert emnandi!

Luhlobo olunjani cookies apho? Species yaqanjwa indimbane enkulu, kwaye noba aboniswa kwi imyuziyam weendawo:

• imbali;
• ubhaliswe;
• zezikhumbuzo;
• abazinikele iiholide;
• wenza ukuba iziganeko isiko (wake, imitshato);
• ebekekileyo;
• olugobileyo.

Kumaxesha amandulo, Tula gingerbread wayesoloko zisebenzela yasebukhosini, itafile yasebukhosini. Phela, zabizwa nkqu "Tale of the Umlobi kunye Fish."

Kwaye yintoni ke imyuziyam?

Emva abebetyelele imyuziyam, uyakwazi kuzibonela mna ngokwam oko cookies zaveliswa ngenxa lesikhumbuzo (ezifana isikhumbuzo Idabi Kulikov), elamiselwa imbeko Ivana Susanina njengoko uqulukubhode immortalized ngayo amajoni emfazweni Russian-Turkish ka-1870. zakhululwa izinto ezikhethekileyo kunye mibala 1812 zokulwa, kwakunye abazahluleleyo Cruiser "Varyag".

Uyakwazi ubuke nje kuphela kodwa ukuze badle; kuba ukuthengisa kusoloko gingerbread sitampu kunye netafile nokudla. Kuba iindwendwe ahlelwe ikhefu iti.

Namhlanje e Tula ukusebenza iifektri ezimbini ekuveliseni gingerbread:

• "Yasnaya Polyana".
• "Endala Tula".

Unomdla e Tula izinto kunye needilesi? Password kunye gingerbread lolondolozo lwembali attendance: Oktobha street, 45A. Ukunikezwa ukusuka kwishumi kusasa kwada yesine emva kwemini.

Tula samovars

Ekubeni bayathetha ngayo gingerbread neti, singasathethi ke samovars Tula. Ayiyomfihlo ukuba le nto yenziwe Russian, nto leyo kakhulu impembelelo izithethe, imikhwa kunye nemigaqo yokuziphatha, ukwamkelwa, umsebenzi eluntwini.

Uninzi imifuziselo abadala - ziinkuni. Ngaphandle Tula, yavelisa iindibano ezinjalo, ibekwe eMoscow eSt Petersburg, kwakunye kweli phondo Vyatka kunye Yaroslavl, kwiindawo ezininzi. Tula unalo ithuba lokuba eyaziwa becala ngenxa isondele eMoscow, yobuninzi yesibambiso. Babonisa ngokwabo neengcibi basekuhlaleni, obeyithabathe phezu imveliso kunye nokuphuculwa kwezi mveliso ezintsonkothileyo.

Ezininzi Tula mveliso kwaye ngaxeshanye wenza samovars nemipu. Xa ixesha elithile imbali kumsebenzi wabo njengoko amahlanu! Uninzi ababephesheya kwicala umlambo wasemakhaya. Kulapha abasebenze iinkosi edume kakhulu kwinkulungwane ye-19:

• UNikolai malikov.
• Ivan Batashev.
• Vasiliy Lyalin.

Samovars ezenziwa yobhedu nickel-nesilivere, negolide ngumfanekiswana kwaye ihonjiswe silvering. Ke sona isiseko lisoloko kwesinye a yobhedu. Ukususela ngenkulungwane ukuba ngenkulungwane, yefashoni ukutshintsha, nokwadala iimveliso ezimise. Kodwa iindlela zemveliso, Isimanga, phantse akukho iguqulwe kancinane ngokuhamba kwexesha. Manufacturing samovar elungileyo yaye kufuneka ube namhlanje:

• Kobylin;
• gnedku;
• ngelotha;
• isikere Metal;
• nensimbi;
• Isitampu.

Kakade ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX kwakusaziwa ukuba ngaphezu kwekhulu zokwaluka samovars. Kwisiqingatha sesibini kule nkulungwane yayi sixeko saba liziko samovar. Ngaphezu koko, imveliso yakha nje kuphela ezilalini kodwa kwiidolophana ezikufuphi.

Samovars nokuthandwa yazo

Kunzima ukuba nomfanekiso-umboniso bezandla intsomi Russian ngaphandle samovar. Abavelisi aveza iindlela ezingcono, zanikwa iimbasa, kushicilelwa ogama ngoko wazihombisa iindonga iimveliso ezintsha. Ngokufundisisa ezinomtsalane mihla Tula, ifoto kunye nenkcazelo emfutshane, qiniseka ukuba banikele ingqalelo myuziyam of samovars, nto leyo evumela ukuba ukwazi ukuyila ngqo indlela izinto engcono.

Namhlanje Tula iyaqhubeka ukuba iziko kwemveliso samovar. iisampulu ezinhle imveliso eyenziweyo kwezi ndawo zithengiswa kuphela eRashiya kodwa ehlabathini lonke. Bona thaca ezivenkileni best njengesikhumbuzo. izinto kuphelile ukuvuna ke ngokuqokelela zabucala kunye nengqokelela zeemyuziyam ezinkulu.

Tula nezikhali

Enye inkalo etsala kwimbali abakhenkethi Tula kunye nabahambi ukwazi - yokwenziwa izixhobo. Kuye kwasekwa kula mazwe ukususela mandulo ngoko, kwaye mveliso yokuqala wavula ngokwemiyalelo loMlawuli Petra Velikogo. Namhlanje ungatyelela imyuziyam okhethekileyo, ebalisa ngembali wamajoni yesixeko malunga nendawo nendlela yokwenza isixhobo. Kwenzeka ukuba, ngemihla yamandulo eyenziwe Tula isixhobo kubhekwe enye intle kwihlabathi!