Tactical Medicine. Ukunika uncedo lokuqala

Medicine okulwa - esi siganeko ukubonelela uncedo lwezonyango ukuya namajoni edabini. Lo msebenzi wenziwa ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshwe ngokukodwa. umsebenzi wayo kukuba ukusindisa ubomi, ukuthuthwa amaxhoba, uthintelo yoqulunqo imeko kakhulu.

lwezempilo mu lupwa na ukuthintela ngxwelerha ezininzi phakathi amajoni zamajoni.

Tactical Medicine imfazwe mgaqweni

Eli gama weza nxamnye ulungelane wemvula amava kunye nolwazi Russian amayeza asendle emkhosini. Ngaphambili, le lwazi wayengekho ifumaneke kuluntu ngokubanzi, yaye kuye kwenziwa iimanyuwali kupapashwa kuhlelo elilinganiselweyo. Namhlanje, amayeza Committe - yinto isebe eyahlukileyo yolwazi. Yena wabonakala njengokuba iiyure yamava esebenza ngokwemigaqo eemfazwe ezitenxileyo ezinokwenzeka.

Namhlanje, le ntsingiselo ingafunyanwa ngoncedo ethi "Tactical Medicine imfazwe ezitenxileyo mihla." Le ncwadana iya kuba luncedo na amajoni kuphela, kodwa abahlali abahlala kwimimandla iingxabano bokulwa. Umbhali walo - kaYuri Evich. amayeza okulwa kule ncwadi lunikelwa uthotho amanyathelo elula ecacileyo Aid First kunye neengcaciso eneenkcukacha. Umbhali lushwankathela amava yakhe yezonyango eziliqela iingxabano zomkhosi.

Ucalulo zokonzakala iingxaki

iinkcukacha zabo uchaza iingenelo amayeza okulwa. Iindidi eziphambili zokwenzakala ezifunyenweyo edabini, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• walimala;
• ukuphatheka;
• waphuka;
• isha;
• frostbite.

Ukongezelela ekuncedeni ugqirha Committe lijongene nenani imisebenzi enxulumene. Phakathi kwazo kukho amanyathelo:

• zokuhamba ochaphazelekayo;
• kwezithandani lomlilo kotshaba;
• Ukungena neyokusithela ngasemva ukuya indawo owenzakeleyo;
• baphume abantu lamaxhoba ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zomkhosi.

umonakalo omkhulu kungenziwa nzima ukopha, ukothuka, ukusilela yokuphefumla kunye nomsebenzi sentliziyo. Ezi meko isantya inkqubo yokhathalelo kwaye kunokubangela iingxaki ephambili ekupheliseni kwexesha. Onke amanyathelo ayimfuneko ziqhutywa ngesantya umbane ngqo kwi ndawo. nabezempilo okulwa uqala baleka de ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko owenzakeleyo.

Nceda isilonda

It linokusetyenziswa naluphi na uhlobo isixhobo - abandayo okanye imipu esetyenziswe kobo bundlobongela, kwakunye nokuba ngenxa sam iliza. Ngu uhlobo sicelo kungaba:

• phambi kokuba nge ugwebu kunye iplagi;
• simfamekisa xa kukho lokuvula mnye kuphela;
• ilayini ezibambanayo kodwa azikweli sibekwe phezu umzimba ngaphandle sokungena obukhulu;
• gaze ukuba ezinzulwini ezahlukeneyo.

Nakuphi na ukwenzakala kunokuba nemiphumo eyingozi: legazi, waphula ukuthembakala lwangaphakathi amalungu, imithambo-luvo, uphuhliso usulelo. Amacebo ukunceda kule meko ixhomekeke iqondo ubungqongqo yokwenzakala. Kodwa kukho imigaqo ngokubanzi, eyenziwa Nakuphi na ukwenzakala. ezizezi:

• ukunqanda ukopha;
• bandaging;
• unyango inxeba elwa.

Imfuneko yokuba amanye amanyathelo kumiselwa ngokungqinelana ukuntsonkotha le meko. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, zomzimba yenziwa ngabantu ngenaliti intramuscular kunye esikhethekileyo ityhubhu-isirinji.

buqhinga ngakumbi nzima (crosslinking semibhobho nxeba) kufuneka lwenziwe kuphela xa likaxakeka. Isisombululo engcono kungaba ukuthutha amaxhoba kwiziko lonyango elikufutshane.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni na iingozi?

Phantsi yokwenzakala ziquka nemivumbo, dislocations komsipha. Medicine okulwa kwiimeko yokulwa ibandakanya ukuthatha amanyathelo zisisiseko kwaye ebalulekileyo:

• Ukubulawa;
• immobilization (sommandla tire nitrogen);
• basishiye.

Ukuba imeko iyasivumela, ukongeza kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa simswelise ixhoba elininzi ulwelo ukuqinisekisa imeko kuphakanyiswa ze esiphelweni owenzakeleyo. Xa ngebhandishi xi isicelo nemivumbo, iiarhente lokudoma ukusebenzisa yangaphandle, ukunika engaphezulu immobilization nokufuduswa. Xa konzakale le imisipha kunye nemisipha, kwakunye komsipha, ziyafana. Akwenzeki ukunciphisa ngokuzimeleyo a dislocation, njengoko edidekile lula nge zaphuka.

iintlobo ophuka

Le ukonzakala ixhaphakileyo. Ezi ndidi zilandelayo waphuka:

• ugcwalise xa ithambo yaphuka ngokupheleleyo;
• nadlomana bone - ezingaphelelanga;
• evulekileyo - waphula ngengqibelelo izicwili;
• ivaliwe xa ijwabu ingqibelelo igcinwe.

Ukwa - enye yezi ntlobo ezininzi ezinzima neziyingozi iingozi. Ebalasele uhlobo nemvelo amalungu omzimba, isisa ukuya ngaphandle kwebala, ukudumba, oko ukuncipha okanye ukungabi ukuhamba. Kwakhona, liveni kwemeko amathambo ezaphukileyo ngokukhuhla namaqhekeza zabo. Trauma nzima ubuhlungu obukhulu.

Uncedo ophuka

Ukuncedisa kwizaphuko, kusebenza la maqhinga alandelayo:

• Ukubulawa;
• immobilization;
• basishiye.

Xa Ukophuka vula zifuna bandaging kwangaphambili kunye kwegazi ukumisa. Ukulungisa ithambo ezaphukileyo, lingabeka ivili ambambe zombini joint, ukuqinisekisa nokungakwazi kwabo. Ukuba akukho zixhobo ezikhoyo amavili, ungenza kuyibopha ingalo owenzakeleyo ukuba umntla kunye nomlenze - ukuya kwesebe lomelele. Uncedo ophuka kuxhomekeke nondiliseko meko.

Xa Ukophuka vertebral akukho unyango oluqhutywa endle! Ixhoba obekwe kwi lokukhwelisa, nzima (ebizwa ngokuba yi-ingweletshetshe). Oku kuquka abantu abathathu ubuncinane, omnye uchola entanyeni, kunene ezixhasa intloko, owesibini - kuba esinqeni, eyesithathu - imilenze. Landa phezulu ngexesha elifanayo. Ke ixhoba ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukunikezela ukuya kwindawo yonyango.

Eyona engundoqo Iintlobo amanxeba

Burn - kulimaza kwinyama okubangelwa iintlobo ezininzi yeziphumo:

• lobushushu eliphezulu;
• indlela chemical;
• electric;
• radiation.

Ukwahlula 4 degree burns kokona:

• I - anozizi amaxolo kwisiza komtshiso;
• II - ukuyilwa amaqamza ndizaliswe ulwelo;
• III - ekumisweni necrotic (kwabafileyo) of ezinzulwini ezahlukeneyo ulusu lubandakanywe ziditshwe;
• IV - epheleleyo necrosis ulusu, izihlunu ethambileyo, izihlunu, ithambo, nokosa.

Njengoko umthetho, bawathothozise ekuphileni ukutsha beBakala 3 no-4. Burns 1 no-2, Art. ngokuba kwamanzi, aphilise kwisithuba seeveki 2 musa isongela ebomini. Ngaphandle kokuba, kakade, aziphazamiseki ngaphezu kwe-50% yendawo yesikhumba.

Indlela yokunceda?

uncedo lokuqala ukuba ukutsha kukuba ukuphelisa izinto ezimanyumnyezi: imfuneko bazicima idangatye, iyisuse kuyo ingubo avuthayo (kodwa hayi kuyiqhekeza ukuba yaba shushu kakhulu eluswini), susa ixhoba ukusuka kwigumbi otshisayo, njl Ukuba amadangatye obujikeleze ilizwe xa umntu kufuneka cinezela umhlaba wakhe .. emhlabeni okanye uyiphose uyaphantsi, wayifulela ngelaphu eshinyeneyo ezo nto, ugalele amanzi. Khumbula ukuba yesenzo napalm kunye phosphorus emhlophe ayikwazi bangabi namandla amanzi!

pre-medical Further pfunaka ukutsha kubandakanya ngokukhawuleza Ukupholisa ingxenye wazosa izonkana. Kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa amanzi kubushushu igumbi, ixesha okupholisa - imizuzu engama-20, ngokuzimeleyo ukusuka kwindawo komtshiso kunye nobunzulu. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ukunika isiqabu intlungu. Umzekelo, anike ixhoba i antihistamine, "Suprastin" okanye "Claritin". Ukongeza, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola iqondo ukutsha, ukwenzakala nobunzulu, sebenzisa umhlabelo, kwaye kusukwe owenzakeleyo. Kuba unyango kukwenzakala kusetyenziswa iindlela ezizodwa, "Panthenol", "Bepanten" Burns zokubopha "Apollo".

Okubalulekileyo! Ukuba kufuneka usebenze kwindawo nomsi kakhulu, kufuneka uphefumle nge ibotshwe ngelaphu, tixi ngamanzi. Loo umqobo iza kuba mfutshane elide. Amaxesha amaninzi kufuneka avale emanzi ngamanzi acocekileyo, okanye (esekelwe kumava yokulwa) ukuba ityalwa igazi lakhe, ezinako yokubopha carbon monoxide, leyo uya kuphuma kuloo nto yomsi.

Nceda nge frostbite kunye emzimbeni

Amaninzi, frostbite zibethwa izandla, iinyawo, neenzwane, iindlebe kunye nempumlo. Okokuqala, kukho ukuntlontlozela, iintlungu eyomeleleyo, obomvu chilblain, ngoko iba emhlophe, inovakalelo ilahlekileyo. Ukuba umzimba inxalenye zaqina kanye esifudumeleyo, uya kuthabatha nenkangeleko yendalo emva kweeyure ezi-3. ingozi Mikhulu frostbite elide. Kuxhomekeka ubunzulu boyisiwe, ukuba yahlulwe degrees 4:

• 1 tbsp. - isikhumba emhlophe, ulahlekelwa novakalelo, ngoko Ijika luhlaza, kukho ukudumba kunye ukurhawuzelela.
• 2 tbsp. - isenzeko amaqamza ukusuka ulwelo elula, necrosis ezi zoleko yesikhumba eliphezulu.
• 3 tbsp. - ukuvela amaqamza kunye ulwelo wegazi, necrosis kuchaphazela kwizihlunu ezinzulu.
• 4 tbsp. - necrosis ichaphazela izihlunu kunye namathambo kwithishyu.

Formation amayeza frostbite kubandakanya ukususwa factor traumatic - lobushushu eliphantsi. Ixhoba kwaziswa ubushushu okanye lisongelwe, ukutshintsha ibe impahla eyomileyo. Ngukhuleka khona ukuthi bandaging, ubushushu ubushushu, kunye nokuthuthwa kwiziko.

Akuvunyelwe pakani iindawo ezonakeleyo ikhephu, iiglavu yoboya ngotywala, ukunika oomoya ngaphakathi, umlilo efudumeleyo vula umlilo okanye itotshi. Iimpawu emzimbeni - na ukozela, ukudinwa, silale, yehle amandla. Kwixesha elizayo, umntu unokuphulukana ezingqondweni yengcinezelo ekumeni imisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Le Amaqhinga yokuziphatha kwezi meko kuyafana kumanyathelo sele ichaziwe.