Shanhai Pass: Mandulo Nakule Mihla

"Shanhai Pass" kuguqulelo evela ngeendlela zemveli Chinese "umhlathi phakathi kweentaba nolwandle." Igama yokuqinisa endibufumeneyo akulolize, kuba imi kwindawo kwaza phakathi Liaodong Bay koLwandle Yellow kunye nenkqubo Yanshan intaba.

Shanhai Pass. indaba

Nqaba Shanhaiguan yeyona kakhulu kakuhle basindiswa xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindinyana ezifana e Great Wall of China. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba inezakhiwo zokuzifaka apha yabonakala apha kwixesha kade ye kaMing, ngenkulungwane XVl emva kwexesha, ukubaluleka kwayo qhinga, le ngumcu limxinwa elunxwemeni efumaneke elide phambi Jikelele Qi Jiguang, eganiweyo ekwakhiweni ezinqabeni idolophu emkhosini.

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala phantsi kokhuselo Shanhai Pass sathathwa ngenkulungwane XlV, xa Jikelele Xu Ewe - enye iinjengele edume uBukhosi Ming - zicwangciswe kwindawo yokuhlola yokuqala.

Kwiinkulungwane ezalandelayo esi sicatshulwa bayiqinisa, zandiswa kunye nokuphela. Around kuyo kwakheka kwindawo enqatyisiweyo kunye kwidolophu yomkhosi kunye beemboniselo ezimbalwa. Ngoko ke, lo lokuphumelela uye waba ngomnye yomeleleyo kwinkqubo iinqaba lahlukanise umbindi China evela entla.

Ke Qing Ixesha Great Wall of China

Kule mihla, xa itrone Chinese elisekwe ubukhosi yokugqibela yasebukhosini Qing, Shanhanguansky sicatshulwa wathabatha kwi ziyakubaluleka ekhethekileyo yaye igama sesikweni "weqhosha eyinkunzi".

Ixabiso ekhethekileyo eyayibanjwe ngexesha indlu sesiManchu olubangelwa yokuba abameli kule hlobo baba iimfazwe ezininzi kunye nabamelwane balo, ngokungeyompumelelo ezama ukwandisa impembelelo yayo e Central Asia kwaye ibekwe ilizwe ukuya kumantla kummandla Mongolia yanamhlanje.

Imbali ezintsha kunye nesimo sangoku

Nangona iindonga balahlekelwe ukubaluleka lwangaphambili fyabo kunye nokuqala ngumgubo esebenzayo usebenzisa kokudutyulwa Bohlaselo ukwandisa ukubaluleka igcinwe kude ngenkulungwane XX, ekubeni enye yeendlela ezimbalwa yokudibanisa naseManchuria kunye Central China.

Kungenxa yoko le nto amabutho angaphandle baye bafuna kuqala ukuba olu nesiqwenga emxinwa lonxweme - emva kokuthimba ingongoma enjalo ebalulekileyo enobuqhinga kuya kwenza kube lula ukuba ukusika umbuso omkhulu ibe ziinxalenye ezimbini. zenzeke Loo wathabatha amajoni Japanese ababefuna ukuhlala buthathaka ilizwe ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela.

Ukuze yasinda ekomelezeni indlela isikwere esine obungama kweekhilomitha ezine. Iindonga nenqaba inqaba kwi neemitha ezili-14 kunye nobubanzi iimitha ukuya ku-7. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uye kwi inqwelo yakhe kunye nempahla. Shanhai Pass itsala namhlanje inani elikhulu yabahambi kunye nabakhenkethi abanqwenela ukufumana ukwazi imbali Chinese.