Semthethweni

Legitimation yinkqubo lokuvuma ukuba semthethweni okanye semthethweni namandla emphakathini. Umongo kule meko ibonisa ukuzimisela okuqhubelekayo abantu abaye amandla athile ukubonisa nokusebenza kwabo kwezopolitiko. Ngoko ke, ukuba semthethweni urhulumente - lokuqaphela uluntu malunga nokuvumeleka ngokusemthethweni inginginya zemikhosi, olusekelwe phezu imvume yintliziyo wabantu ukuba bathobele izigqibo zayo.

Uyakwazi ukuthetha semthethweni kwamandla, ukuba iindlela ezabelwe lona kunye neziphumo zemisebenzi yalo ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yokuziphatha kunye neyomthetho, isiqaqa kwezopolitiko, iimbono, imigaqo kunye neenkolelo uphawu luninzi lwabantu.

Kwinzululwazi yezopolitiko enye yezibninzi ezisetyenziswayo Ukuhlelwa Weber ngayo semthethweni kunye semthethweni namandla. Ngokutsho ingqikelelo semthethweni Weber kaThixo kwamandla karhulumente na bemveli, ngokomthetho akuyo.

Uhlobo yemveli semthethweni kunye ukufaneleka isekelwe nantembelo phakade amasiko nezithethe esezikhona ngethuba uphuhliso yembali yoluntu ethile. Ezi iziseko nokulawula ubudlelwane ngamandla, amandla athile ukunyanzela abanye ukuba ukuthobela. Onke amalungu oluntu zinyanzelekile ukuba ukuthobela imithetho. Xa ukungathobeli isicelo ukwayo ezithile ezivunyiweyo eluntwini. semthethweni lohlobo yohlobo kubonakala ngeendlela monarchic. Inguqu kwegunya ukusuka komnye umntu iye komnye kwenzeka ngokungqinelana kunye namasiko.

semthethweni akuyo kwamandla isekelwe iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zobuqu, charisma - ukuzimisela, isibindi, isibindi, njalo-njalo. Ngenxa yoko, amandla ezopolitiko uba elaziwayo kunye osemthethweni. Charisma angaba negalelo nokusekwa kwe ubuntu yehlelo inkokheli, idealization yakhe deification. Semthethweni kwalo hlobo okunokubonakaliswa ezahlukeneyo iinkqubo kwezopolitiko. uhlobo akuyo yokuba semthethweni igunya umthetho waba uphawu uMbuso wamaRoma phantsi Yulii Tsezare, France, ebudeni bolawulo uNapoleon, eSoviet Union phantsi koStalin kunye China phantsi Mao Zedong.

semthethweni Legal esekelwe kwinkqubo yezomthetho efakiweyo ezisetyenziswa uluntu ngokungqinelana neemeko ezithile zembali. Abo ndibayala ngamandla kwezopolitiko, bamiselwe (okanye abanyulwe) ngokungqinelana neenkqubo ezikhoyo zomthetho. Kulo mzekelo, imithetho iinkokeli zezopolitiko kuchazwe ngokucacileyo amanyathelo asemthethweni.

Semthethweni yenye inkalo ebalulekileyo kwamandla karhulumente. Igama elithi yavela ngenkulungwane ye-19 ekuqaleni eFransi yaye kwakusetyenziswa impendulo esemthethweni. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba xa ngamandla uNapoleon kaThixo kucingwe lokungavinjwa wagabadela-yaye, ke ngoko, mthethweni kunye engagunyaziswanga (ongekho). Kamva, isixa umxholo isimaphambili inyuswe kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba semthethweni iye nje ukuchaza ukuba semthethweni kunye semthethweni kurhulumente, kodwa ibonisa imo yoluntu apho abemi ukwamkela (uyavumelana okanye ukukholelwa) ukuba amandla elisekwe kwezopolitiko unelungelo attribute ukuba omnye okanye olunye uhlobo lokuziphatha kweli lizwe.

Ngokutsho kwithiyori Weber kaThixo, ukuba semthethweni kunye semthethweni yamagunya ngaloo luphawulwa iinkalo ezimbini. Eyokuqala ithathwa ingqalelo ngamandla, nto leyo emiselwa ngayo amaziko karhulumente afanelekileyo. Lo msebenzi osemqoka yesibini - oku kungumsebenzi abemi ukuba bathobele urhulumente.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ulawulo yezopolitiko sihlale afanelekile kwaye osemthethweni xa abemi ukuveza imizwa ukuba abanye abaphathi inkqubo okanye amaziko athile.

Ethetha kugunyaziwe, kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye kumgangatho (degree). Inowuthi degree of ngobuchule ngokusemthethweni, ubudlova isetyenziselwa ukubamba amandla ezopolitiko.