Red Kwamakhowa: igama, ifoto kunye nenkcazelo. Boletus krasnogolovik

Kukho abahlala ehlathini emangalisayo ngemvelo nokuzisa abalandeli "lokuzingela cwaka" eninzi uvuyo. Le obude. Ke ezinye ixabiso eqhelekileyo ukuba Aspen.

igama ichanileyo lwezenzululwazi olufanelekileyo mushroom - ebomvu osinovik. Nakuba wehlelwa amagama yabantu wasekuhlaleni, edume kakhulu phakathi kwawo krasnogolovik okanye mushroom obomvu. Lo gama edibene inkalo yayo ephambili - uhlobo lwe neminqwazi umbala. Eneneni, abantu abaninzi abazi amakhowa Aspen, nangona, kwaye iimpawu ezithile yale ngundo, angavumeli ukuba ahlangane namanye abameli ezininzi zobukumkani izityalo.

ingafumaneka kweli nqaku, leyo kuthiwa mushroom kunye umnqwazi obomvu, yintoni iimpawu kunye neempawu anako, apho kwaye yintoni xesha ikhula.

Ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla malunga anika

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga nomngundo isekelwe phezu ulwazi mntu seshumi ezi propati ezimangalisayo abahlala ehlathini kuphela:

• Kwi-avareji mushroom nganye iqulathe amanzi malunga-90%.
• Kukho iintlobo okubhabha. Olu hlobo ezincinane eziphilayo, eziquka, umzekelo, ulisebenzisa ukubonakala ngendlela elula hlobo, nkqu kwimveliso.
• Le mycelium ukhula ngesantya ongekho ngaphantsi kwe-10 kweesentimitha ngonyaka nje 1.
• omnye kuphela ikopi okona sakuba iquka imali ubuthi ukuba ityhefu abantu abane.
• Kukho iingxelo zangaphambili Amakhowa yenyukliya eChernobyl zikhule kakuhle nakuba yamanqanaba aphezulu radiation.

Kwaye ngoku thatha sihlolisise omnye kakhulu umdla izinto ezityiwayo. Boletus, ifoto kunye nenkcazelo apho ubona kweli nqaku, akulolize igqalwa omnye makhowa kakhulu emnandi.

Ixesha kunye nendawo ukukhula

Makhowa yokuqala Aspen kuvela ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Ngoko ke, ukuba kwezinye iindawo abantu basibiza ngokuba "kolosovikami" (ukusukela indlebe uqalisa irye, kweli xesha). Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuba sifikelele sezandleni kuqala ceps kunye boletus.

Amaninzi, le ngundo kwafunyanwa igama Boletus krasnogolovik.

Ekhula kakhulu amahlathi ephikisanayo kunye mycelium (mycorrhiza) nangoku enxulumene ikakhulu kunye Bukanomeva, ngoko ufumaneka phakathi kwabo okanye kufuphi.

Kwakhona, ngamaxesha amaninzi zifumaneka mahlathi kumahlathi avuthulukayo (ingakumbi ezinde) kunye sene Aspen. Xa boletus ehlotyeni owomileyo ukukhula Aspen ukuvuthwa. Ifumaneka (kuquka mushroom ebomvu), nkqu amahlathi coniferous (umzekelo, pine). Ningawufumana khona emancamini ehlathini kunye namasimi ashiywe, imithi yene kunye namatyholo. Ngaphezu koko, le ngundo sikhula ngokuqhelekileyo amaqela.

Kwihlabathi somngundo basasazeke kumntla ikhweyitha (ummandla ziingcathu). Amakhowa abaninzi Aspen lukhula North America, Central Yurophu, kwaye azixhaphakanga ezintabeni kumzantsi Yurophu.

Boletus: photo kunye nenkcazo

Ngcamla mkhuhlane Boletus elizimeleyo umbala. Yena simnandi kakhulu naluphi na uhlobo kwaye ekunene yindawo-2 emva kokuba emhlophe ngundo kakhulu edumileyo incasa ngayo zabo.

Boletus fanele ku leccinum udidi lwazo, yinxalenye boletovyh yosapho. kubo bonke umlenze ngokungathi wambu esikhatshwa umbala dusky, kwaye iphawulwe kakuhle kakhulu. Ngokufanayo, imilenze kufuneka ipropati eyaziwa kunye ezinde amakhowa.

iminqwazi Umbala - enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo, kodwa akukho ndlela kuphela emhlabeni apho ngundo yahlukile kwezinye. Ukongeza, krasnogolovik kakhulu eziguquguqukayo kwi kombala yayo. Yena asisoloko ezinombala obomvu (mushroom ebomvu). Eyona amaninzi zifumaneka emahlathini-Aspen ne-CAPS brown, kwaye zikhangeleka ngathi ngamakhowa ezimhlophe. Kukho ngokwendalo phantse ezimhlophe, umsobomvu Aspen. Eyokuqala inqabile kakhulu kwaye ngoko zifakwe kuluhlu lwe Russian Red Book.

mushroom ebomvu

Ngokufuthi, abantu wabiza Obabkov, osinovikom okanye Chelishev. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke iintlobo-Aspen akadliwa ezityiwayo, kunye efana kakhulu okumnandi. Zisetyenziswa ekuphekeni, ngembiza, marinating kunye isuphu.

Cap boletus ubungakanani ezibomvu ukufikelela iisentimitha-30 ububanzi. Xa uhlobo ngayo ungqukuva kuzo amakhowa abaselula kunye Pillow - kwabagqibeleleyo ngakumbi. Umbala yokugqibela yahluka ukusuka ngezitena-bomvu ukuya kubomvu emnyama.

umaleko yabo tubular kwakhona utshintsho ngokuxhomekeke kubudala, ukusuka emhlophe oselula grey-limnyama ngamakhowa abaqolileyo. umlenze High bonke sikhula phantsi. inyama mushroom ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza uba emsi imibala emfusa.

iimpawu boletus

Mushroom nangoko mnyama phezu cut okanye besaphula, kuqala uvule oluhlaza luba phantse abamnyama. Abaninzi abavuni mushroom abo basandula kuqalisa, lo mhlaba kanti benifumana nisenza. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, oko yenye iimpawu eziphambili, engqina ukuba le yeyona ilungileyo - mushroom enokutyiwa kunye umnqwazi obomvu. Kwaye olu tshintsho umbala kungenxa inkqubo igcwala emoyeni kwezinto ezithile, iyafumaneka kwi-Aspen.

Kakade kusekho fungi ukuba babe iipropati kuphawu olufanayo boletus. Ngoko ke, ukuba agwebe ngundo kufuneka iimpawu ezininzi kwezabanye.

Nazi ezinye uphawu boletus:

• ebomvu, ukuba yingqombela, nokuba iminqwazi umbala omdaka;
• tubular ezantsi inwebu le chap jikelele izimvi ukukhanya in umbala;
• Leg with dark owaziwayo "siyaqabela";
• esiluhlaza, omnyama uze isilayi.

Amakhowa Young nabadala

Le mushroom young ebomvu ibonakala kakhulu emahlathini, kodwa uphawu wayo kukuba uyakwazi ukutshintsha umbala kohlaza zayo, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko eziqhubekekayo kweli hlathi, ubudala kunye neentlobo ze ngulo mngundo. Okunye Aspen aqolileyo ezingwevu-omdaka umnqwazi, nto leyo iba eqaqambileyo yaye ngakumbi njenge podberozovikov umnqwazi.

Ayinikiwe kwimilo neenkowane abaselula. Cap kuzo zicocekile, incinci kunye, inkulu micingeni nenyama ikhangeleka ngathi ప్రదాత umniki kwi ngomnwe wakhe.

Zombini abadala kunye neenkowane abatsha, kakhulu ashinyeneyo.

Ukuba ngequbuliso ingqokelela wafumana mushroom ethambileyo ukuya ngaphandle kwebala, kubhetele ukuba ukuthatha ibhaskithi. Oku overripe kwaye akafanelekanga ukuba adle umzekelo.

Ixesha engundoqo abaqolileyo Aspen amakhowa - kwinyanga ka-Agasti, Septemba ne-Oktobha ke ngaphantsi.

Likhangeleka mushrooms ezinkulu nge-orenji esibomvu-sinombala okanye neekepusi kwindawo ezele udini ezahlukeneyo Amakhowa ngengobozi. Bavuyiswa ukutya nje kuphela, kodwa ukuqokelela.