Quality amandla. Iimfuno Quality for umbane

umgangatho Power kufuneka ukuba aveze izikhombisi ubuninzi ukulinganisela-mbane. kufuneka Performance ukugcina ukuthotyelwa GOSTs iimpawu ezifana kunyuka ombane kunye rhoqo. Kuxhomekeka amaxabiso abathengi ezidityanisiweyo ezingundoqo parameters tshintsha, nto leyo maxa ezinxaxhileyo zabo ebalulekileyo kukhokelela ukusilela esebenza.

Ochaphazela iimpawu-mbane?

umgangatho amandla kuxhomekeke kwinani elikhulu ezinokuphembelela ukutshintsha intsebenzo elingaphaya imida kwale mimiselo. Ngoko ke, lo ombane ukuze olunyuswe ngenxa yengozi nesitishi. Amaxabiso Low kuvela iiyure ngokuhlwa okanye ehlotyeni, xa abantu babuyele ekhaya yaye ziquka i TV, isitofu, inkqubo umoya-moya.

umgangatho amandla ngokuvisisana nemilinganiselo karhulumente ingahluka kancinci. In a iinethiwekhi unikezelo kakuhle kakhulu, abathengi kufuneka ukusebenzisa regulators ombane. Ulawulo lweempawu eyabelwe iCPS, leyo zinokufumaneka xa kukho ukungangqinelani.

Power esemgangathweni ixhomekeke kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• ukwahluka Diurnal ezinxulumene abathengi mgaqweni okanye nokuxhuma nempembelelo nabaqala kwizitishi elwandle.
• Utshintsho emoyeni okukufutshane: ukufuma, ukuyilwa womkhenkce phezu ngcingo unikezelo.
• utshintsho umoya, xa imveliso amandla vetroviki.
• zikagesi loMgangatho, oko Unxiba phezu kwexesha.

Kutheni na iimpawu eziyintloko mbane?

Ixabiso ukuphambuka kunye imposiso iparameters lobuninzi zisetwe GOST. umgangatho Power ibhalwe kuxwebhu 32144-2013. Kwathatha baxhase la manani ngenxa umngcipheko izixhobo yomlilo nkonzo, kwakunye ezizuzwa kufakelo zombane ezibuthathaka lutshintsho ombane. Isixhobo yokugqibela eziqhelekileyo kwizibhedlele, amaziko ophando, kumaziko zomkhosi.

parameters Umgangatho umbane alungisiweyo 2013 ngokunxulumene nophuhliso intengiso amandla emarikeni kunye ukuvela izixhobo zekhompyutha ezintsha. Phatha umbane namanzi awo kufuneka babe iimveliso zizanelisayo iimfuneko ezithile. Kwimeko iimpawu ekhankanyiweyo ingasetyenziswa kubaboneleli uxanduva lolawulo. Ukuba asilotyala ukuhla ombane engenayo echaphazelekayo okanye kuchaphazeleka abantu, iya sele izaphuli.

Kwenzeka ntoni kubathengi xa usala ukutya eqhelekileyo?

parameters umgangatho amandla kuchaphazela ixesha umsebenzi izixhobo ezidityanisiweyo, oko kudla kube kakhulu ukuya kwimveliso. Ukuwa imigca nemveliso, nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ekubeni motor shaft torque kuyehla xa isalathisi ukuwa silixabisile mbane. Shortens ubomi wenkonzo izibane, wobhobhozayo ubalaseleyo izibane iba ngaphantsi kwama okanye kusicima, ngoko ichaphazela imveliso ku zokugcina. A isiphumo ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo kwezinye basabele nemvelo.

Ngokutsho imithetho nciphisa physics ombane kwindawo umthwalo rhoqo kwi shaft motor kukhokelela ekwandeni okukhawulezileyo lwangoku. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni ukungasebenzi le iiswitshi zokhuseleko. Ngenxa yoko, le ezisongwayo linyibilike okungcono komtshiso iifyuzi, kwi okubi ezonakalisa motor jiko ngendlela eyothusayo izinto zombane. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, imitha yombane iqala ukujija ngesantya esiphezulu. Umnini wesakhiwo ubunzima ilahleko.

Iikhrayitheriya Uvavanyo lwe-mbane

Oko kuquka guest? umgangatho Amandla emiselwe ngeempawu lothungelwano ontlantlu-ntathu kwaye abaninzi kwiisekethe basekhaya 50 Hz:

• Uqinise Ixabiso ombane ecaleni imisela uphawu ubukhulu apho abasebenzisi bangacela esebenza ngaphandle ukusilela. Zixhonywe asezantsi umda oluqhelekileyo 220 ngu 209 kwaye Phezulu 231 V.
• Umda lo ombane ngegalelo ngumahluko phakathi iimpawu zangoku kunye namandla awo. Iimitha zokuquba zomjikelo parameter.
• Yokudanyaza yahlulwe yedosi elifutshane elide ngaphakathi imizuzu eli-10 nezingapheliyo sizimisele iiyure ezi-2. Ibonakalisa iqondo iliso uvakalelo yabantu kusicima ekukhanyeni, nto leyo kubangelwa kukuhla kunyuka kombane.
• Le ombane ukubetha uchazwa ixesha ekuphulukwene ukuba ixabiso eyahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke unobangela yokothuka.
• Le okuza zokuvavanya umgangatho-mbane: ukufiphala amaxabiso sinusoidal overvoltage yethutyana, amacandelo harmonic of asymmetry of ulandelelwano ezingakhiyo zero.
• ixesha dip ombane lokuphumla echazwe parameter yokwakha zisetwe GOST.
• iziphumo frequency ukuphambuka sasebenza umonakalo kwiindawo zombane iingcingo.

igalelo Kwasika esiswini ubungakanani ukuphambuka

Power ezinobulunga uzama ukwenza ihlelo olufanelekileyo elikhankanyiweyo, nespelete kumthetho. Ingqalelo iimpazamo ezivela xa imilinganiselo U njenge f. Ukuba kukho iimpazamo, ungaqhagamshelana abasemagunyeni zokusuphavayiza, ukuba kuziswe uxanduva lokubonelela lombane kaThixo.

Iimfuno ngokubanzi umgangatho amandla parameter iquka ezinxaxhileyo ombane apho bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amabini:

• operation Eqhelekileyo xa ukuphambukiswa ± 5%.
• Umda ka imo oscillation kuvumelekile kulindeleke ukuba ± 10%. Oku kuya kuba 220 V ubuncinane umbundu 198 V zize ezona 242 V.

recovery ombane kufuneka kwenzeka ixesha lokuphumla ngaphezulu akukho ngaphezu kwemizuzu emibini.

Swayipa ukutshintsha-mbane

nemigangatho Power kwizinga le parameter ziquka kweliso, njengoko amacandelo oscillation ombane. Useka umahluko phakathi embundwini ephezulu nesezantsi awo. Njengoko ukuba nokumelana zokutenxa kuyo iseti i parameter bamba umda ± 5%, lo umda imo umda akufuneki igqithe ± 10%. Uthungelwano feed 220 akavumelekanga ukutshintshatshintsha ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwe-22 V, no-380 asebenza ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kwimida ± 38 V.

Oku kubangela ombane swing oscillation ebalwe ibinzana ilandelayo ΔU = U _max -U _min, iziphumo nemigangatho kwi% ngokungqinelana izibalo _{ΔU = ((U max -U min} ) / U ngokulinganisa) * 100%.

inani input ukungazinzi

inkqubo womlinganiselo umgangatho amandla iquka yokudanyaza. Esi salathisi idlulisela isixhobo okhethekileyo - flickermeter, olususa impendulo frequency. Iziphumo ezifunyenweyo zithelekiswa ngovelwano negophe umzimba optic.

GOST yasekwa imingcele utshintshe yokudanyaza:

• akufuneki sibe ngaphezulu kwe-1.38 icandelo kumahlandinyuka lwexesha elifutshane.
• utshintsho lwexesha elide kufuneka zibe zezifanele inqanaba le ixabiso 1.0.

Xa kuziwa kwi elilelona liphezulu kwiqondo yesekethe sisalathisi izibane ezingqengezelayo, ke kufuneka ukuba umphumo waba imida zilandelayo:

• nokunyuka ixesha elifutshane - sisalathisi isetelwe ku 1.0.
• utshintsho parameter elide - 0,74.

umahluko eziphathekayo

imilinganiselo Power umgangatho ziquka imilinganiselo Icandelo ezifana pulses ombane. Uyasichazela amahla ezibukhali kwaye ndinyuka umbane ngaphakathi lokuphumla ekhethiweyo. Izizathu zale meko ukuze utshintshe nje ngaxeshanye inani elikhulu abasebenzisi, isiphumo zingaphazanyiswa magnetic ngenxa izulu.

Cwangcisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe ombane, aluchaphazeli umsebenzisi:

• Kubangela nokunyuka - olu qhwithela kunye nezinye ukuphazamiseka zendalo kagesi. Ithuba ukubuyisa microseconds ngaphezulu kwe-15.
• Ukuba la anyanzelwa ukuba utshintshe nje non-uniform labathengi, ixesha kakhulu elide kwaye ilingana no-15 ms.

Inani omkhulu iingozi kwi sezitishana kwenzeka ngenxa ugwayimbo ngumbane kwi ufakelo. Ngoko nangoko unesifo umqhubi usambathisa. Ubukhulu overvoltage unako ukufikelela amakhulu kilovolts. Ukuze wenze oku, isixhobo yokhuseleko, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha musa ukuma, kwaye kukho ithuba intsalela. Kwezi zihlandlo, i ingxaki ayenzeki ngenxa elana.

Ubude value input sokwehla

I parameter Walinganisa ichazwa njenge dip ombane ibekwe ngaphakathi kwimida ± 0,1U lokuphumla _eliphambili emashumini ezimbalwa millisecond. Kuba kwinethiwekhi 220 uvumelekile Isalathisi utshintsho ku-22 V, 380 V ukuba akukho ngaphezulu kwe 38 V. Ubunzulu lokwehla ibalwa ngokwale _{binzana: ΔU n = (U wesiqhelo -U} min) / U kubizwe.

Ubude Spadla ibalwa ngokwale _{binzana: Δt n = t k -t n} , apha t _k - na ixesha xa ombane sele awukabuyi, kunye t _n - ebesiqale, ixesha xa nethontsi ombane yenzekile.

esweni Power umgangatho ufuna ukuthatha ingqalelo nezihlandlo ukwenzeka leempumelelo, echazwa _{ifomula: Fn = (m (ΔU n} , Δt n) / M) * 100%. here:

• m (ΔU _n, Δt _n) ichazwa njenge inani ukuwa ngexesha elikhankanyiweyo nobunzulu ΔU _n kunye nexesha Δt _n.
• M - ukuwa amanqaku ewonke ngexesha ekhethiweyo.

Kutheni ixabiso komnotho

igalelo Ipharamitha ubude bume ukuncipha kufuneka ukuvavanya ukuthembeka amandla feed ngokwalo oluninzi. Ngalo myinge, ezinokuchaphazela nezihlandlo iingozi kwi nesitishi ngenxa yokungakhathali kwabasebenzi, nemibane. Isiphumo izithuba zophando kuqikelelo lwemozulu iqondo ukungaphumeleli kwinethiwekhi ngawo.

Statistics ikuvumela ukuba esondele kwizigqibo malunga uzinzo unikezelo ugesi. ababoneleli umbane ukubonelela idatha amanyathelo othintelo kucetyiswa kumaziko.

frequency ukuphambuka

Ukuthotyelwa frequency ngaphakathi kwemida ethile enxulumene neemfuno ezinqwenelekayo umthengi. Ngokunciphisa isalathi nge-1%, ilahleko engaphezulu kwe-2%. Oku kuthetha ukuba iindleko zoqoqosho, kuncitshiswa imveliso kwamashishini. Ngokuba lo mntu avareji, oku kukhokelela nokwanda amanani irisithi xa kuhlawulwe umbane.

motor kuFacebook isantya ojikeleza ngaso kuxhomekeke kwi-mbane rhoqo. Amalahle i ubushushu iziqalelo ikwazi ukusebenza ezincinane ngoxa kuncitshiswa i parameter ngaphantsi kwama-50 Hz. Xa amaxabiso eqolo seyonakele abathengi okanye ezinye iindlela hayi ziyilelwe torque eliphezulu.

ecaleni frequency zingachaphazela umsebenzi neeletroniki ezithengiswayo. Ekubeni kwenzeka ingxolo TV kwesikrini isibonisi utshintsho kwi ± 0.1Hz. Ukongeza zamehlo, kwandisa umngcipheko ukurhoxiswa umkhondo izinto phantsi. Iindlela ngayo ezinxaxhileyo umgangatho ngamandla kuphuma yokwenziwa reserve unikezelo node ukwenzela oluzenzekelayo ukubuyisela ombane lingekapheli ixesha elimiselweyo.

okuza

Kuba ukusebenza eqhelekileyo yonikezelo yazise esweni ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• amaza ombane Non-sinusoidal. sine wave ubugqwetha kungenxa abasebenzisi ezinamandla: izifudumezi zombane, nasezimbizeni පිළිතුරු iimpendulo, oomatshini welding. Kwimeko ezinxaxhileyo lo parameter kunciphisa ubomi wenkonzo engathi iimoto, ephazamisa matshini relay, ukusilela kwinkqubo drive kwi ulawulo thyristor.
• overvoltage bexeshana Ukulinganisa utshintsho yokufaka amaxabiso ukubetha.
• harmonic N-th i luphawu sinusoidal kufunyanwe iimpawu igalelo ombane. Amaxabiso kubalwa ingafumaneka data netafile harmonic ngamnye.
• Le asymmetry yexabiso igalelo kwi-reverse okanye ulandelelwano zero kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ukuba amatyala ngaphandle obungalinganiyo izigaba. Ezi ezibanda kakhulu kwi ilahleko mbane lidibane yinkwenkwezi okanye unxantathu.

Iintlobo zokuzikhusela utshintsho ongeke konikezelo

Ukuphucula umgangatho amandla kufuneka uqhutywe kwi-magama ezithile esemthethweni. Kodwa ke kukhuselwe izixhobo umboleki uvumelekile ukuba ukwakha kusetyenziswa ezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Ekwenzeni ukuqinisekisa ulondolozo ngamandla input bume kwi imida ekhankanyiweyo. amandla Umgangatho yimpumelelo nokuba ezinxaxhileyo yexabiso yegalelo ngaphezu kwe-35%.
• izinto amandla Uninterruptible ziyilelwe ukugcina impilo yomthengi ephakamileyo lingekapheli ixesha lethuba elimiselweyo ixesha. izixhobo Power kungenxa amandla agcinwe ibhetri yayo. Xa kokulungisa lwamandla, bespereboynik kukwazi ukugcina impilo kwezixhobo ofisi liphela, zibe iiyure ezimbalwa.
• Izixhobo ukukhuselwa ngenxa yokwanda amandla abasebenza kwi siseko lo relay. Emva kokuba ixabiso igalelo elingaphezu umda kwenzeka ukucwangcisa yesekethe evulekileyo.

Zonke iindidi wokhuseleko eya kuhlanganiswa ukunika isiqinisekiso ngokupheleleyo ukuba izixhobo ezixabisa zawo zisele ngexesha ngozi nesitishi.