PET / CT - onjani uphando?

Uninzi lwenu lusazi, uthetha PET / CT, nto leyo indlela entsha, ichanekile kakhulu ngenxa uxilongo ezisaqalayo zomhlaza, izifo luvo kunye ezimbi sentliziyo. Yena, ngokuchaseneyo ku CT okanye MRI ukubonisa umfanekiso iimpawu yokwakheka yomguli, ayithimbe inkqubo nokusebenza kwamalungu athile kunye namalaphu. yenziwa njani ngqo PET scans kwaye kufuneka njani ukuze silungiselele kuyo, siya kufikelela kweli nqaku.

Ziziphi izifo abafunyenwe usebenzisa PET / CT?

I mhlobo Itomography sisifundo enzima apho mhlawumbi ekufunyanisweni yamathumba ezo zingenzekiyo ukuvelisa izinto zonyango kunye nomhlaza Ukudlulela ngendlela isanda. Ukongeza, ikuvumela ukulawula esi sifo, iziphumo kunye nokusebenza unyango.

Xa zentliziyo, uxilongo PET / CT ezisetyenziswa kwiimeko isifo sentliziyo kunye ngaphambi coronary kwimithambo esa yokumilisela. Xa yeenkqubo zengqondo kunye yiyo bafunyaniswa bene sclerosis, kwaye zengqondo - isifo i-Alzheimer kusekwangoko, xa ezibonisa lwangaphandle ukuqhambuka kwezifo okwangoku ulandelwe. Hi ndlela leyi, uphando inceda ukwahlula isifo i-Alzheimer kwezinye ezimbi kuphumela esixhalabisayo saka (Parkinson kaThixo okanye Huntington ngayo).

Ngoncedo lwe PET kuhlolwa ukusebenza kwengqondo emva kobetho nokuxutha abafunyaniswe sokuwa.

PET / CT: Ukuphonononga amancedo yale ndlela kokuxilongwa

Phambi kwabanye mihla iindlela kuxilongo ineendlela ezininzi PET. Okokuqala, le ndlela - yeyona ichanileyo bonke ezikhoyo, kwaye kananjalo, oko indawo iisaveyi emveli eziliqela. Kwakhona, Pet ebangela ntlungu, akukho eyingozi emzimbeni womntu kwaye ukubona inkqubo sifo kusekwangoko.

Ifumaneka phakathi amagqirha malunga nohlolo PET / CT ukuvumela ukuba sithethe le ndlela njengendlela ukufumana ulwazi oluthembekileyo eqongeni apho ntoni na kodwa kukho utshintsho iliso kumaziko ebonakalayo logwali. Kwaye oku, njengoko nisazi, lwenza kube lula ukuba ukuqala unyango zokuqala zesi sifo, nto leyo eyandisa kakhulu ukusebenza unyango.

Umgaqo kwiimviwo PIT

Kubalulekile ukuphawula, bethetha PET / CT features ukuba uphando ikuvumela ukuba ubhale igazi ukugeleza Amalungu nezihlunu, kwakunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-glucose lokugqibela.

Xa umzimba isifundo ilawulwa luluncinane, azinabungozi ebantwini, isixa Radioactive oluqhutywa yi igazi emzimbeni. radiation Poor evela kuyo, benaso esisigxina kwaye idluliselwe computer. Kukho kuza processing kolwazi kunye nokudalwa mfanekiso. Yaye kakhulu Radioactive na inyama, kokukhona ujonge lo mfanekiso - ekuthiwa-kwiindawo 'ezishushu ", indawo apho into incinane, khangela buthuntu - kwiindawo" iqhosha lokulayita ".

Ukuphuhlisa iiseli umhlaza engamandla imfuneko iswekile kuwo yhuu yokucolwa esebenzayo ebonelela ukuba imifanekiso emva PET / CT eliqaqambileyo ( "shushu") umfanekiso. Ngoko, kuba PET Uxilongo kungabonwa ukuqala kuphela ukukhula kwawo okungaqhelekanga weeseli umhlaza, nkqu ukulungelelanisa ukukhula eliqikelelweyo.

Techniques of Pet / CT

Kuxhomekeke kuhlola imisebenzi, ugqirha kusenokufuneka abo okanye ezinye iindlela kokuxilongwa echazwe radiopharmaceuticals ezahlukeneyo:

• Ukufuya ne 11C-choline;
• Pet ne 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose;
• Ukufuya ne 11C-methionine;
• Ukufuya ne 13N-ammonia.

Umzekelo, ukuba une glioma elinobuhlungu (yamathumba ubuchopho) efunekayo ye-PET / CT kunye methionine, ezivumela ukuba bahlole iqondo yobubi.

Ukuze wenze nkulu i iziphumo oluthembekileyo, ngosuku phambi kokuba isifundo Kucetyiswa isigulane ukuba singasondeli kwizidlo zonke zokutya protini-aqulethe: inyama, intlanzi, ubisi kunye soy. Uyakwazi ukudla imifuno kuphela kunye neziqhamo. Xa iklinikhi kufuneka beze ukudla, ukuba usele amanzi hi mpimo mda (kodwa hayi drink okanye sweet).

Kwezinye iimeko, uxilongo lwenziwa choline

Ukuqikelela imeko omzimba somdlavuza wendlala ngokunjalo yamathumba kwesibindi nobuchopho ndandingohlukani PET / CT kunye choline.

Le into libandakanyeka kulwakhiwo ezindongeni, ngoko ke ukuqaliswa kwe-radionuclide kuyo ivumela ukuba nomfanekiso ubukho metastases nokuba ezincinane ebonakalayo imifanekiso in uhlobo amanqaku ezikhanyayo.

Ezi zifundo lwenziwa ngezigaba-2 - ngoko nangoko emva zolawulo radiopharmaceutical nasemva imiz 40. Uvavanyo lwenziwa kwi ungatyanga kwaye ngaphandle kokusebenzisa kulwelo (kusasa kubhaliwe yakhutshwa ngokupheleleyo).

kwiiveki 1-2 phambi kokuqala koviwo isigulane kuyacetyiswa ngaphandle kwizidlo:

• amaqanda;
• peas;
• iimbotyi zesoya, neentlumaya kunye neembotyi;
• kwesibindi (kunye nezinye iimveliso);
• isipinatshi;
• ikhaphetshu;
• amantongomane;
• oats;
• juice-orenji kunye neevithamini (ingakumbi iqela B).

Njengoko phando

Kumagumbi apho uviwo PET / CT, isigulane ucelwa ukuba ukucima iifowuni uze ucele ukuya kwigumbi lokulinda apho isigulane kwisithuba semizuzu engama-20 kufuneka bakhululeke kwaye ndizole. Kuyimfuneko ukuphucula umgangatho imifanekiso.

Emva koko examinee zifakwa radiopharmaceutical ulinde esinye isiqingatha seyure, de ube lo mbandela isasazwa kwi kwizihlunu zomzimba. Ngendlela, ukuba ngeli xesha kukho imfuneko ukuya kwindlu zangasese, ungenza ngoyaba oko. Ngaphezu koko, izigulane ziyakhuthazwa ukuba aye vuavanyisi PET elijongeka ngomatshini X-ray. ithatha inkqubo uphando malunga 45 imizuzu ngokwalo (scanning ingqondo, Noko ke, ungakwazi ukuthatha iiyure kunye 1.5).

Ukuba kuyimfuneko ngexesha inkqubo kwisigulana bangaya umntu evela kubasebenzi bezempilo. Kwimeko yesifundo isigulane intliziyo banike izidanga umthambo eziya ukubonisa iimpawu nokuhamba kwegazi kunye nokusebenza kwale lomzimba.

Kuba unyango lwe umbandela kusenokufuneka iiyure eziliqela ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-2. konke kuxhomekeke kuhlobo nokuntsonkotha lesaveyi.

Njani na uviwo umzimba wonke

Inkqubo umzimba wonke PET / CT idla ngokwenziwa emzantsini isinqe. Umbuzo wokuba ingaba okanye hayi ngexesha elifanayo ubambe lukakayi, uhlala zinokuphikiswa. Ababeki nakwiindaw ezininzi. Ukuba kuphando kuyimfuneko anatomically iindawo ezinzima lwenziwa ihlela ukukrwaqula arhente nshita (amalungiselelo iodine).

Ukuskena ekuqaleni, ngokuqhelekileyo kwindawo zangasese, ukunqanda ukutshintsha umfanekiso ivela njenge ngenxa yokuzaliswa chu lwesinye. into nganye iskeniwe imizuzu emi-4 ubuncinane (amadlozi scan) plus omnye kwimizuzu emi-2 (transmission scan).

Pet scan umzimba uphela likuvumela ukuba wenze isicwangciso sokusebenza epheleleyo, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukususa yonke inyama achaphazelekayo.

Izimo lwePET / CT

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe, ebhekisela PET / CT, nto leyo ndimncinile kwezinye iimeko inkcitho ibekwa contraindicated, kuba idatha ukuze igqwethekile. Umzekelo, oku kwenzeka kwixesha ekuqaleni postoperative emva biopsy evulekileyo (kwezi meko ubuncinane elindelekileyo kweeveki ezi-4 emva kotyando). Pet nayo contraindicated emva ichemotherapy yakutshanje okanye unyango radiation. Kwimeko yokugqibela, ikhefu leenyanga ezintathu-kucetyiswa.

iinkqubo ukudumba emzimbeni: mathumba, usuleleko kunye sarkidoz - ukuze unike iziphumo bobuxoki-HIV xa sisinga. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kufuneka silumke ukuba yintoni ebonisa PET / CT.

Kwezinye iimeko (ezifana bephelelwa okanye ukuba isigulane kunzima kwi lisalele isikhundla) scanning protocol kuyahlukana nedlela imeko yesigulane.

Yintoni na siyikhumbule xa ulungiselela i-PET / CT

Ukuphulula uxilongo / CT akayi kukunika ubuhlungu, kwaye iziphumo esemgangathweni okulungileyo, kufuneka ulandele imithetho embalwa jikelele kuhlobo ngalunye nkqubo:

• Ukuqhuba i PET / CT kufuneka banxibe ngokufudumeleyo kwaye kamnandi.
• On iimpahla nomzimba kufuneka ingabi nantsimbi kwaye nezacholo.
• Ekubeni a kungathatha ilitha 1 ukusela amanzi unsweetened nezihlwahlwazayo.
• Abasetyhini kufuneka ukuba ufake kugqirha eyaziwayo malunga nokukhulelwa okhoyo okanye kunokwenzeka, ngokunjalo webele-ibele, kuba ukukrwaqula ukufumana akuvumelekanga kwezi meko ngokucacile.
• Qiniseka ukuba ukukhankanya ubukho negazi lakho.
• Izigulana seswekile, kudinga ekhethekileyo PET / CT.
• Kwiimeko apho le saveyi iya kuqhutywa kwi isinqe kusenokufuneka alawula kwi esinyini catheter womchamo.
• Kuyo uviwo isigulane kufuneka ilungiswe, awukwazi ukutshintsha indawo.
• Ukuba ezinye iingcebiso alinikwa, ngoko nangoko emva ukukrwaqula ocandiweyo bakwazi ukubuyela ubomi obuqhelekileyo, kwaye kukhawulezisa ekupheliseni radiopharmaceuticals, kuyimfuneko ukuba basele ulwelo kangangoko kunokwenzeka na.

Indlela ukutolika iziphumo PET / CT: kwesi sigqibo kungathetha?

Emva kokuba ukuskena ikhutshwa phandle esandleni umguli zinikwe. Kwangoko kuyimfuneko khon 'ukuze nabani na yabelwe le saveyi, ukuzama self-ukubaphatha - luxanduva kuphela gqirha kokuya (abasebenzi bezonyango, eqhuba PET, kwakhona musa ukunika naziphi na iingcebiso).

Kukunqongophala kwezakhono kungakhokelela kabi kweziphumo. Ukuze kubonakale kunzima kakhulu kunokuba ngempela, okanye, icala, musa ukuba ungenelelo lonyango. PET / CT iziphumo kufuneka zitolikwe kakuhle kuphela ngugqirha, onithume ukuba le saveyi. Ukuba wenze isigqibo eyedwa, ngoko, nokuba uya kuba yintoni na kwisigqibo eyakho imbono, kungcono ukubonisa yingcali yakhe inkangeleko moshilongo ezichanekileyo sabelo olufanelekileyo unyango.