Omzimba Monoclonal. Yintoni na yaye yintoni na ke ngenxa?

Izilwa-buhlungu (immunoglobulins) okuthiwa Y-imilo. Bona bathathe inxaxheba ukuchongwa kukhuthaza components amazwe (awakwazi). Lomzimba olwenziwe yi amajoni omzimba njengempendulo iantigens umthondo. Ngamnye immunoglobulin bakwazi ukuqaphela ukuthetha into ethile amazwe.

Ngenxa yokuba i-antibodies lijikeleze egazini, ukuba ziyafumaneka kuzo zonke lolungu lomzimba. Ukubambana of an immunoglobulin ukuya iantigens unokunqanda uphuhliso iinkqubo igalelo sifo, okanye enokukhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni element langaphandle.

Impendulo omzimba umzimba kuyo nayiphi na, nkqu alula, icandelo langaphandle kuthiwa polyclonal. Ngamanye amazwi, amajoni omzimba luvelisa (ivelisa) ezininzi kuThixo immunoglobulins ukujongana nezakhi ezahlukeneyo.

omzimba Monoclonal ezi-cell clones. Kuba abanjalo target nganye iseli (ujoliso) lichazwa iantigens nokufumanisa nomphetho amajoni omzimba eliye iphuhlise immunoglobulin ethile, leyo iseli kuneyokuqala.

Uthomalaliso basebenzisa kuhlelwe e-lab, kunokuba kwinkqubo omzimba, izilwa-buhlungu monoclonal. Xa ongena ebantwaneni, inkqubo yazo iqala ukusebenza namanye amacandelo le nkqubo yokhuseleko ukutshabalalisa nezakhi ezithile. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, kuzo ephilayo monoclonal lezibulala ukuba unyango lomhlaza.

Iiseli Clone yokuqala eziye ukufaka kulo iilebhu, yayiquka ngokupheleleyo kweziyi mouse. Oku kwavusa ngxaki kunokuba kakhulu. Isibakala sokuba i "mouse" monoclonal omzimba amajoni omzimba womntu ebona njengoko ezisegazini - izinto zasemzini, yaye ngaloo ndlela yakha ngumbala nxamnye nabo. Oku nje kwakuthetha uphuhliso omzimba. inkqubo Defense emzimbeni uqala ukutshabalalisa izilwa monoclonal phambi kokuba Kuyinzuzo na kuye.

Njengoko ixesha lihamba, ezinye iiproteni ezikwiiseli mouse aqalisa ukuba indawo ngezixhobo iiproteins babantu, ebizwa ngokuba "chimeric". Ngenxa yokwanda umyinge eziqalelo of immunoglobulins zabantu ukuba (kuhlelwe) babizwa "omzimba monoclonal humanized".

Amalungiselelo ezinale amacandelo, thelekisa indlela amakhambi ekujoliswe kuzo. Ngamanye amazwi, iziyobisi zenzelwe ukuba asebenze ngqo kwi iiseli, ukumqumbisa ukuphuhliswa kweenkqubo zophendlo lwezifo. Kudla ndlela ngakumbi kakuhle ngaphezu iirejimeni eziqhelekileyo nezinyangayo. Ngaphezu koko, uninzi lwamayeza yesiqhelo kujongwe ukuba aphathe, umzekelo, sclerosis, umhlaza, isifo samathambo kunye nezinye izinto ezimbi ziyityhefu, kwaye imiqathango iidosi zizonke, owamkelekileyo lolawulo nomntu ogulayo.

Phakathi amayeza ethandwa izilwa monoclonal kufuneka kuqatshelwe izixhobo ezifana "MabThera", "Rituxan" (asetyenziswe kwi lymphoma non-Hodgkin kaThixo), 'Herceptin' (asetyenziselwa umhlaza webele).

On amayeza iye amathemba eziphezulu synthesizing ubugcisa omzimba monoclonal. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iintsilelo. Ngenxa yoko, immunoglobulins kuhlelwe ezi iimolekyuli ezinkulu kakhulu. It akavumi ukuba zingene nzulu iithishu okanye kungena iiseli. Bona ezingenzelwanga ukuba ulawulo yomlomo (oral). Ngaphezu koko, ukufezekisa ziphumo zinqwenelekayo uyazikhomba ezo zithinteli kufuneka ngaphezu emihlanu ukuya kwishumi lamawaka amaxesha uyondelelwano lwee- iantigens target. Ukuphuhlisa immunoglobulins kuhlelwe lwenziwa kuphela kwiinkcubeko iseli, nto leyo yenza imveliso yazo luyabiza.