Njani olu fakelo Debian ukusuka USB drive

Kweli nqaku uza kufunda indlela yokwenza i USB flash drive equlethe yokuzenzela ngokupheleleyo ukufakelwa kwenkqubo yokusebenza Debian. Ngesi sicwangciso kusetyenziswa inkqubo Wallix, ukongeza izicwangciso zemveli. Ukuqalela Linux ukusuka USB drive - indlela elula kunazo futhi eyiyo ukukhuphela namhlanje. Le eendaba ufakelo luza kusekelwa phezu umfanekiselo Debian lokufaka.

Le ndlela ichazwe kweli nqaku, kulula ukuba phinda. Ukongeza, it ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise i Debian nkqubo osebenza kumajelo asuswayo. Ufako Debian endukwini kulo mzekelo luza kusekelwa phezu imifanekiso standard ISO.

Ukudala inokuqalwa drive USB

Inyathelo lokuqala ukulungiselela amacandelo i USB flash drive, loseto lwefayile indalo kwaye ufake grub2. Ukuba awufuni ukuba anihlambulule ngokupheleleyo flash drive yakho, ungasebenzisa enye iprofayile yakhe ekhoyo de Grub2 ixhasa inkqubo ifayile phezu kwayo (ukuba kukho isithuba esaneleyo).

Ungasebenzisa fdisk, Cfdisk okanye ezinye isixhobo owuthandayo ngenxa hlulo. Ngoko ke, ukudala isahlulelo ephambili, ubukhulu, ubuncinane, 2G, wammisa wesiqalo (umzekelo, tayipha umyalelo ngokuphathelele intonga / dev / sdb) # cfisk / dev / sdb).

Yila inkqubo ifayile kwicandelo lokuqala - # mkfs.ext2 / dev / sdb1

Emva koko wabeka Grub2 # mkdir / mnt / USB

# Mount / dev / sdb1 / mnt / USB

#, Impethu le-ukufaka --root-ulawulo = / mnt / USB / dev / sdb

Grub2 kufuneka zibhalwe yi MBR (Master Boot Record) kwi-512 bytes zokuqala flash disk, ekubeni kuyimfuneko ukuba bakope umfanekiso boot.img. Ukongeza, uvimba weefayili abaza kudalwa, eliqulethe iseti iimodyuli, impethu. Kamva kulo weefayili kufuneka udale ifayile grub.cfg.

Ngoku ke kufuneka kwenziwe ufakelo Debian evela drive USB ngokusebenzisa HD-media. Le ndlela iza kukhangela ISO-umfanekiso kwi Debian fakelo eendaba. Ngoko ke, faka umyalelo # mkdir / mnt / USB / hdmedia-biso

Emva koko, kufuneka asebenzise ezi zinto zilandelayo:

# Wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/squeeze/main/installer-amd64/current/images/hd-media/vmlinuz kuyoze / mnt / USB / hdmedia-biso / vmlinuz

# Wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/dists/squeeze/main/installer-amd64/current/images/hd-media/initrd.gz kodwa kuyoze /mnt/usb/hdmedia-squeeze/initrd.gz

# Mkdir / mnt / USB / isos

# CP Debian-6.0.3-amd64-CD-1.iso / mnt / USB / isos /

Ukugqiba uqeqesho, kufuneka unikeze ifayile yoqwalaselo ye impethu le:

#set color_normal = 'eluhlaza / black'

#set color_highlight = 'ukukhanya-eluhlaza / black'

# Fumana indlela efunekayo

# / Faka ingcambu lawulo ufakelo disk (/ dev / sdb1)

ubeke isosdir = '/ ISO-umfanekiso "

iseti hdmediasqueeze = '/ hdmedia-' biso '

# Ngoko, xa kukho ufakelo Debian evela USB drive, le program iya kuthi ngokuzenzekelayo ukufumana ifayile ekhankanyiweyo.

# Cwangcisa i Debian, esebenzisa HD-umfanekiso, bakhuphela inkqubo lwefayile

ku / HD-media.

Qwalasela impendulo = '/ hd-eendaba / preseed'

# Entry Manual Debian lxde iqwalaselwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

menuentry 'Debian 6.0 amd64 manual ukufaka' {

linux $ hdmediasqueeze / vmlinuz ISO-scan / lefayile = $ isodir / Debian-6.0.3-amd64-CD-1.iso kuqala = kakhulu

initrd $ hdmediasqueeze / initrd.gz

igalelo # Zenzekelayo angafakwa:

menuentry 'Debian 6.0 amd64 oluzenzekelayo ukufaka' {

linux $ hdmediasqueeze / vmlinuz ISO-scan / lefayile = $ isodir / Debian-6.0.3-amd64-CD-1.iso preseed / ifayile = $ preseed / umgangatho-squeeze.preseed auto = ephambili lokwenyaniso = ezibalulekileyo

initrd $ hdmediasqueeze / initrd.gz

Xa igalelo manual uya ukulayisha ufakelo Debian eqhelekileyo ukusuka USB drive ngokusebenzisa oluzenzekelayo - kunye ufakelo iimpendulo.

Option Iso-scan / lefayile uxelela indlela apho ukufumana ufakelo ngokupheleleyo Debian.

Kweziqalo yeendwendwe OS ukusuka USB flash drive kuya kufuneka ukuba abeke kunye isixhobo yokwenene yokwenene isixhobo / dev / sdb kwi fayile VMDK ekhethekileyo ukufaka / TMP / usb.vmdk lokuqala drive wada wabiliswa uphela kwi internalcommands panels yeendwendwe uqwalaselo # VBoxManage createrawvmdk -filename / tmp / USB .vmdk -rawdisk / dev / sdb

cima ikhompyutha

Ukuba nako ukuqhubeka ukukhuphela igalelo Debian ufakelo manual, kufuneka ke udale database Debconf. Le database lisetyenziswa ngexesha Ifaka Debian, ingakumbi, kuba iinkcukacha ufakelo. Ukusebenzisa ifayile iparameters ukulayisha iimeko echazwe kule program ufakelo.

Yenza ulawulo kwi engcanjini USB flash drive kwaye Khupela leyo fayili kwi parameters ngokusebenzisa umyalelo zilandelayo: # mkdir / mnt / USB / preseed

Emva koko faka umyalelo zilandelayo:

# Cat << EOF> /mnt/usb/preseed/standard-squeeze.preseed

di Debian-Umfaki / locale umtya en_US

console-izixhobo di / archs khetha yeqela-config

ixesha di / izowuni umtya US / Eastern

akuyi kufuneka ukuba ukuqhagamshela kwinethiwekhi xa le nkqubo iza booted ukusuka USB drive.

Le ngxelo ingentla uthatha ukuba ikhompyutha target has enye kuphela hard disk. Ukongeza, kwiimeko ezininzi, ephuma ngokuzenzekelayo le flash drive. Ukuba yonke into efanayo xa uqala ukubonakala drive hard disk, izakubonisa ababambi bendawo Nobaufaka umyalelo zilandelayo: partman-auto / DOS kwaye impethu le-Umfaki / bootdev okanye ukhetho isicelo early_command, ukuseta ngokuzenzekelayo isixhobo ukuyisebenzisa.

Indlela ukufaka Debian OS

Ngoku uyakwazi ukuqhubeka ngqo kwindlela yokusebenza ulayishiwe kwi computer. Nakuba kunjalo, ukuba ngaba ufuna ukwenza i USB inokuqalwa flash drive, ungakwazi ukufaka Debian ngokusetyenziswa boot drive.

Ukuze uqale, yenza ukhuphelo lwe iifayile kwi khompyutha yakho. Ifakela Debian kumatshini wakho uya kufuna ukucima yonke hard drive kwaye ubhale ngaphezulu kwakhona, kususa onke data kule nkqubo. Gcina i data ebalulekileyo idiski eshukumayo phambi kokuqala i ufakelo.

Ukuba zange ukudala flash drive, download Debian Installer evela kwi web-site esemthethweni efanelekileyo ngezakhiwo yakho iprosesa. Ukuba ngaba awuqinisekanga ukuba uhlobo iprosesa efakwe kwi computer yakho, khetha umfanekiso ukuze bit-32 PC, njengoko ehambelana nomgangatho bit-32 Intel okanye AMD.

Rekhoda umfanekiso ufakelo-CD okanye i DVD. Wakuba ukulandwa ifayile (kuya kuba ukwandiswa .ISO), bhala oko diski usebenzisa software ezizodwa. Namhlanje, kukho izicelo eziliqela ezamahala ukuba bakwazi ukwenza lo msebenzi xa ikhomputha yakho drive CD-R okanye DVD-R.

Qala i khompyutha kunye disc ezintsha ezirekhodiweyo. Emva kokuba ufake i fayile .ISO ukuya idiski, indawo eendaba kungena optical drive kwaye uqalise kwakhona ikhompyutha. Umatshini uya ukuziqala ukusuka diski kwaye uya kusa ngqo inkosi Debian lokufaka.

Nawe Debian Live kwi diski uma oyifunayo. Debian OS iquka khetho ekuvumela ukuba usebenzise yokusebenza kwindlela yakho esuka CD okanye i DVD, ngaphandle ukubhalwa ulwazi drive yakho nzima (olu khetho kuthiwa Debian Live). Khetha olu khetho Kucwangciso Wizard ukuba ufuna ukukhangela ulusu ukugqibezela ufakelo. Nceda uqaphele ukuba intsebenzo iya kuba sezantsi kakhulu xa ubaleka olu khetho.

Faka Debian, ngokungqinelana nemiyalelo iwizard yokufaka. Xa sele ukulungele ukuqalisa umthwalo epheleleyo, landela wizard yokuhlohla uze wenze izicwangciso nenkqubo yokusebenza ngokuthanda. Uya kunikwa ithuba lokuba ukulawula izahlulelo hard xa ufuna ukusebenzisa Debian kunye nenye inkqubo yokusebenza, ezifana Microsoft Windows.

Ukuba ngenxa yesizathu esithile awukwazi download ze ufake imifanekiso ufakelo, ungafumana idiski yokuqala kwisiza. Ifakela Debian kungathatha ixesha elithile, ngoko ke kungcono ukwenza ezinye izinto ngoxa silinde ukuba download.